紧凑凸肋通道对尾缘劈缝气膜冷却特性的影响

以稳态压敏漆技术和瞬态热色液晶技术为测量方法,实验研究了尾缘区域凸肋内冷供气通道对外部气膜冷却特性的影响,详细对比分析了直肋间距和吹风比对尾缘劈缝扩张表面的气膜冷却效率、对流换热系数和劈缝流量系数的影响,并引入热流密度比来衡量对比紧凑凸肋通道对劈缝表面的综合冷却效率增强性能。实验结果表明：劈缝流量系数受吹风比的影响较小,随肋间距的增大而减小;凸肋通道明显加强了射流的混乱程度,导致其与主流掺混程度加剧,降低了劈缝表面远下游区域的气膜冷却效率,小肋间距结构气膜冷却效率略高于大肋间距结构,随着吹风比的增大,凸肋通道结构与基准结构的气膜冷却效率差异减小;凸肋通道结构可提升基准结构缝出口区域的低换热性能,尤其对于小肋间距结构,大吹风比时,缝出口的换热核心区沿流向延伸效果增强;具有小肋间距的凸肋通道对尾缘劈缝的综合冷却性能有促进作用,其中肋间距p/h=4结构可提升15%～20%的综合冷却性能,而大肋间距结构明显降低了基准结构的综合冷却性能。     

冷却塔群塔干扰条件下脉动风压分布模式

冷却塔群塔为常见的群体建筑物组合形式,存在复杂的塔群干扰效应.传统的群塔干扰效应研究通常面向塔筒等效静风荷载,忽略了群塔组合对于脉动风压分布模式干扰效应的量化研究.为了研究群塔组合条件下脉动风压的干扰分布模式,选取具备多种气动干扰特点的八塔组合矩形布置方案为研究对象,对群塔进行刚性模型同步测压风洞试验,获取了不同风向角...     

中国航空运输生产函数和成本函数的实证研究

从本质上讲,生产函数反映了生产过程中投入要素的数量与产出量之间的技术关系。定义决定中国航空运输产出量的关键要素为航空运输飞机占用资本、飞行员的飞行驾驶劳动和航空油料消耗,利用C—D生产函数,以中国航空运输总周转量表示产出,以运输飞机数量、正驾驶飞行员人数和航空油料消耗量表示投入,利用1990--2005年中国航空运输生产的相关数据资料,进行模型估计。同时,以生产函数为基础构建航空运输的成本函数,并通过生产函数和成本函数分析中国航空运输生产包括规模经济性在内的一些重要特征。     

差动变压器式位移传感器专家设计系统的研究

在分析差动变压器式位移传感器整个设计流程的基础上,提出开发位移传感器专家设计系统。按照实际流程,将专家设计系统分为参数设计、分析仿真、三维建模三个部分,并简要介绍了整个系统的结构、功能及实现。     

军机LRM及其关键技术研究

LRM(外场可更换模块)是第四代军机航电系统的主要特征,对于提高军机战备完好性和降低其全寿命周期费用有着重要意义.分析了航电系统传统结构的不足,指出了基于LRM结构的航电系统的优点,阐述了LRM的设计要求及现有标准,并深入研究了其关键技术,以便为我军新机设计提供参考.     

Energy Release and Particle Acceleration in Flares: Summary and Future Prospects

RHESSI measurements relevant to the fundamental processes of energy release and particle acceleration in flares are summarized. RHESSI??s precise measurements of hard X-ray continuum spectra enable model-independent deconvolution to obtain the parent electron spectrum. Taking into account the effects of albedo, these show that the low energy cut-off to the electron power-law spectrum is typically ?tens of keV, confirming that the accelerated electrons contain a large fraction of the energy released in flares. RHESSI has detected a high coronal hard X-ray source that is filled with accelerated electrons whose energy density is comparable to the magnetic-field energy density. This suggests an efficient conversion of energy, previously stored in the magnetic field, into the bulk acceleration of electrons. A new, collisionless (Hall) magnetic reconnection process has been identified through theory and simulations, and directly observed in space and in the laboratory; it should occur in the solar corona as well, with a reconnection rate fast enough for the energy release in flares. The reconnection process could result in the formation of multiple elongated magnetic islands, that then collapse to bulk-accelerate the electrons, rapidly enough to produce the observed hard X-ray emissions. RHESSI??s pioneering ??-ray line imaging of energetic ions, revealing footpoints straddling a flare loop arcade, has provided strong evidence that ion acceleration is also related to magnetic reconnection. Flare particle acceleration is shown to have a close relationship to impulsive Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events observed in the interplanetary medium, and also to both fast coronal mass ejections and gradual SEP events. New instrumentation to provide the high sensitivity and wide dynamic range hard X-ray and ??-ray measurements, plus energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging of SEPs above ??2 R_??, will enable the next great leap forward in understanding particle acceleration and energy release is large solar eruptions??solar flares and associated fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs).     

高速风洞试验中运输机支撑形式的选择

合理选择模型的支撑形式和解决支架干扰问题是准确获取气动力数据的关键因素。为了寻找一种合适的运输类飞机在高速风洞试验中的支撑形式,首先通过计算分析和试验验证,给出了运输类飞机高速风洞试验中30°尾支撑支架干扰问题存在的原因,然后根据0°、5°、15°以及30°不同尾支撑形式的计算分析和专项试验论证结果,提出并验证了小角度尾支撑是现阶段运输类飞机高速风洞试验中最合理、最有效的支撑形式。     

Decision-making of Aircraft Optimum Configuration Utilizing Multidimensional Game Theory

As multi-discipline coupling and components interference often affect the aircraft configuration decision-making and analysis during conceptual design process, this article presents an approach of multidimensional game theory based on aircraft components to deal with this problem. The idea is that the configuration decision-making process is regarded as the game for different disciplines and technologies, and the aircraft components are players. The payoff function with highest total gain means that according to the game protocols and multidimensional theory, the optimal aircraft configuration within the strategy set will be chosen. The decision-making model is applied to conceptual design process of the high altitude long endurance (HALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based on the assessment of technological risk. The obtained optimum configuration is quite consistent with the current HALE UAV development trends. Thus, taking into account the coupling and interference factors, the multidimensional gaming model based on aircraft components will be an effective analysis method in the decision-making process of aircraft optimum configuration.     

“罗莎”(0716)台风高空实测脉动风特性分析

随着我国东南沿海地区200m～500m超高层建筑不断涌现,高空强(台)风环境参数的现场实测和分析工作成为风工程研究的一个重点,这部分内容亦为我国建筑结构荷载规范的空白。2006年8月开始在上海市环球金融中心顶部施工平台架设三维超声风速仪,随施工进度实测了距地面246m至436m不同高度处的脉动风特性,并于2007年10月8日在436m高度处成功捕捉到对上海有较强影响的"罗莎"(0716)强台风全过程风速风向记录时间序列,由此统计分析得到了"罗莎"台风的紊流强度、阵风因子和紊流积分尺度等高空风参数特性,并根据Kol-mogrove理论对水平方向和垂直方向脉动风功率谱密度函数进行了参数拟合。     

环路热管地面实验平台的热设计

文章旨在建立环路热管的地面实验平台,模拟环路热管在太空轨道运行的热环境。首先建立了地面实验舱的物理模型,对其如何实现在地面模拟太空中该环路热管的热环境进行了热分析计算,其次确定了满足环路热管轨道运行最冷工况和最热工况下的实验舱的壁面温度,最后对实现该轨道环境所需要的壁面绝热材料、制冷剂、制冷设备进行了选择,初步完成了实验平台的热设计。计算结果表明,在同时考虑舱内对流和辐射换热的条件下,要实现空间热边界条件,实验舱内舱的壁温要保证在-62.1~-10.9℃之间变化。