预旋系统稳态和非稳态计算对比研究

针对预旋系统由于旋转引起流场和温度场参数周期性瞬态变化的问题,分别采用滑移网格的瞬态法和固定转子相位的稳态法进行数值求解,并在稳态计算中通过改变转子相位来近似模拟非稳态问题的时空变化特性。通过稳态空间平均结果与非稳态时均结果的对比,以期为预旋系统非稳态问题的低成本求解提供方法依据。结果表明：稳态计算结果与非稳态计算结果相比,周期性波动频率一致,接受孔进口处,稳态计算的压力波动幅度小39%左右,温度波动幅度小15%左右;多个相位的稳态空间平均结果与非稳态时均结果相比,压力高0.2%,温度低0.1%;采用多个计算周期数与单个周期的非稳态计算结果差异微小。当采用喷嘴出口气流中心正对接受孔迎风面前缘的转子相位时,稳态计算结果与非稳态计算时均结果最接近。     

Hypervelocity impact induced shock acoustic emission waves for quantitative damage evaluation using in situ miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network

Manmade debris and natural meteoroids, travelling in the Low Earth Orbit at a speed of several kilometers per second, pose a severe safety concern to the spacecraft in service through the HyperVelocity Impact(HVI). To address this issue, an investigation of shock Acoustic Emission(AE) waves induced by HVI to a downscaled two-layer Whipple shielding structure is performed,to realize a quantitative damage evaluation. Firstly a hybrid numerical model integrating smoothparticle hydrodynamics and finite element is built to obtain the wave response. The projectiles, with various impact velocities and directions, are modelled to impact the shielding structure with different thicknesses. Then experimental validation is carried out with built-in miniaturized piezoelectric sensors to in situ sense the HVI-induced AE waves. A quantitative agreement is obtained between numerical and experimental results, demonstrating the correctness of the hybrid model and facilitating the explanation of obtained AE signals in experiment. Based on the understanding of HVI-induced wave components, assessment of the damage severity, i.e., whether the outer shielding layer is perforated or not, is performed using the energy ratio between the regions of ‘‘high frequency" and ‘‘low frequency" in the acquired AE signals. Lastly, the direct-arrival fundamentalsymmetric wave mode is isolated from each sensing signal to be input into an enhanced delay-andsum algorithm, which visualizes HVI spots accurately and instantaneously with different sensor network configuration. All these works demonstrate the potential of quantitative, in situ, and real time HVI monitoring using miniaturized piezoelectric sensor network.     

基于比例归一化LMS算法次级通道模型辨识

将主动噪声控制技术应用于地铁通风隧道的噪声控制上,其应用效果在很大程度上取决于信号处理的实时性。在保证控制算法收敛的基础上,要求算法收敛速度尽可能快,以确保对声波变化的准确跟踪,据此产生匹配的振幅相等、相位相反的次级声信号,进而对噪声进行控制。利用比例思想对LMS算法进行改进,为小系数配上小的步长因子,为大系数配上较大的步长因子。最后,将其应用在地铁通风隧道的次级声通道模型的辨识上,并与常用的LMS算法在收敛速度、稳态失调性能上做出比较。数值分析结果表明,采用改进后的LMS算法能够有效地加快算法收敛,改善算法的稳态失调性能。     

民用飞机临界冰型确定策略浅析

分析了适航规章第25部121修正案中关于民机临界冰型的修订内容,提出大型客机结冰适航验证所用临界冰型的确定策略。针对飞机不同飞行阶段分析飞机结冰特征,对飞机不同部件开展结冰参数临界性分析,确定临界结冰条件,结合结冰数值预测和冰风洞试验手段提出相应的临界冰型确定方法;同时提出适航验证所需失效冰型、延迟冰型等特殊冰型的确定方法。根据性能、操稳和动力专业对于结冰临界性的不同要求,对比评估各种冰型对飞机影响的严重程度,最终确定飞机用于适航验证的临界冰型。本文可为大型客机的结冰适航验证工作提供参考。     

某类跨大气层飞行器全航程红外辐射特性分析

针对某类跨大气层飞行器飞行过程中需要进出大气层,且飞行速度跨度大等特点,建立了不同空域、不同飞行速度下的机体头部受热模型。当在大气层内飞行时分别使用经验公式和Lees公式计算马赫数小于5和大于5时头部受热情况,当在大气层外飞行时建立了考虑太阳直射、地球反照和地球红外加热情况下的受热模型。利用普朗克定律得到了相同温度下不同波段的红外辐射能量占比情况。最后利用本方法对某类跨大气层飞行器进行了温度和红外辐射计算,得到的计算结果能够大致反映全航程头部温度和红外辐射变化情况。     

Mechanical behavior and properties of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites for high temperature use

Ceramics can keep their mechanical characteristics up to 2 000℃ or higher.In this paper,A model to predict ultimate strength of continuous fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composites is developed.A statistical theory for the strength of a uni-axially fiber-reinforced brittle matrix composite is presented.Also a semi-empirical frictional heating method for estimating in-situ interfacial shear in fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites was improved.Local uneven fiber packing variation as well as uneven micro-damage during fatigue can be expected to have effects on the composites:generation of frictional heating,thermal gradients,and residual stresses around local fiber breaks.This study examined those engineering interests by the finite element method.      

区间数据回归分析方法

提出区间数据回归分析方法, 建立区间数据回归方程, 给出回归系数的最佳无偏整体估计及其协方差矩阵.详细讨论了工程中常见的极值分布、Weibull分布和正态分布的等尺度和非等尺度(或异方差)线性回归分析.该方法可以将各个不同状态下的区间数据作为一个整体进行统计分析, 具有信息量大、精度高的特点.      

某重型燃气轮机放气活门及排气管路的改进设计

针对某重型燃气轮机放气系统放气活门在结构设计上存在的问题,经过分析和论证,提出了改进方案,通过计算验证了该方案可以实施。     

欧盟大涵道比涡扇发动机技术研究计划

1引言随着航空发动机技术的飞速发展、市场竞争的日益激烈和环保要求的不断严格,大涵道比涡扇发动机向着费用更低、性能更高和环保更好的方向发展。为此,21世纪,欧盟国家更加重视大涵道比涡扇发动机的技术研究工作,联合实施了高效和环境友好的航空发动机(EEFAE)、大幅度降低飞机噪声对居民区的影响(SILENCE)、电力优化飞机(POA)、环境友好的航空发动机(VITAL)、新型航空发动机方案(NEWAC)等预研计划(如图1所示),开发和验证了更先进常规循环涡扇发动机技术,探索研究了先进循环涡扇发动机技术,以为未来大涵道比涡扇发动机的研制打下…     

基于最优控制的落角约束攻击设计

针对导弹落角控制和精度控制的矛盾,运用飞行力学原理和最优控制理论,以落地速度倾角作为终端约束,以脱靶量、最小能量为性能指标,给出了一种适用于攻击地面目标的最优导引律。设计了导弹三通道的PID控制器,最后进行了导弹的6DOF仿真研究,仿真验证了设计方法的有效性。