一种基于压缩感知的高分辨率宽测绘带合成孔径雷达成像算法

针对高分辨率宽测绘带合成孔径雷达（High Resolution Wide Swath Synthetic Aperture Radar, HRWS SAR）在俯仰向波束形成受地面目标高程影响造成增益损失以及在方位向非均匀采样造成模糊的问题,文中提出了一种基于压缩感知（Compressed Sensing, CS）技术的HRWS SAR成像算法。根据SAR系统和平台参数建立精确的观测模型后,通过求解优化问题直接准确地估计出了在地面高程变化影响下的目标来波方向（Direction of Arrival, DOA）并重建了非均匀采样下的方位向观测场景,从而实现了HRWS SAR在俯仰向和方位向的非模糊成像。仿真结果表明了本文算法的有效性。     

大型反射面天线温度分布规律及变形影响分析

针对高频段大型反射面天线对电性能的高要求,必须降低太阳热辐射对天线的影响。先计算一天中太阳入射角度的变化规律,再基于I\|DEAS软件仿真,得到一天中各时刻天线反射面上的温度、热应力场、热变形分布,然后针对阴影对天线结构的重要影响,以“分点分段”的形式给出不同时刻温度在反射面上的分布及其影响程度和规律,为工程人员进行天线的温度补偿和结构优化提供了依据。     

N形缝光线引入器太阳敏感器技术研究

为适应微小卫星发展的需求,提出了基于线阵电荷耦合器(Charge Coupled Devices, CCD)的N字形狭缝数字太阳敏感器研究方案,以减小系统功耗并降低系统复杂度。该方案通过采用带有N字形狭缝的光线引入器以及单个线阵CCD作为光线探测器,实现了太阳敏感器对两轴太阳角的精确计算。提出利用迭代算法和修正系数对系统折射误差进行修正的方法,进一步结合质心算法,能够快速准确修正系统误差,提高系统精度和分辨率。N型数字太阳敏感器视场角可达(±60°)×(±60°),在整个视场范围内定姿精度优于0.1°,功耗 300mW。该数字太阳敏感器具有低功耗、大视场角和高精度的特点,设计、算法均大大简化,实现了太阳敏感器的微型化,在各种微小卫星上有广阔的应用前景。     

时变等离子鞘套相位抖动对GPS导航的影响

飞行器再入过程中产生的时变等离子鞘套会引起信号的时变衰减和相位抖动,其产生的相位抖动对调相体制的GPS导航系统必然产生影响。探讨了时变等离子鞘套引起信号相位抖动的机理,通过传输矩阵法计算了由时变等离子鞘套引起GPS导航信号的相位抖动的统计特性,结合Hilbert方法建立了受到相位抖动影响的GPS信号模型,研究了黑障发生前等离子鞘套的相位抖动对GPS导航的影响。仿真结果表明GPS导航受到影响的程度和相位抖动方差大小密切相关。在NASA数据下相位抖动方差为0.1142时,定位变化大于10m的最大比例超出了1.5%,大于5m的最大比例超出了14%。     

探月返回器跳跃式再入过载抑制算法研究

针对小升阻比探月返回器大航程、跳跃式再入的特点,采用了新的过载约束条件,并在此基础上对过载抑制问题进行了描述。然后对跳跃式再入过程中影响开普勒段航程的因素进行了分析,将气动升力在地球矢径方向的分量等效为万有引力的小扰动力,推导得出了与预测校正制导律相结合的过载抑制算法。最后通过仿真校验了该算法在不影响返回器着陆精度的前提下有效实现了过载抑制,各种偏差情况下的蒙特卡洛仿真也体现了该算法的实用性及鲁棒性。     

基于滤波算法的拟平均轨道根数自主实时确定方法

针对卫星长期自主运行的发展要求,首次提出了基于滤波算法的卫星自主计算拟平均轨道根数的在轨实时方法。首先以受地球非球形摄动影响的低轨卫星为研究对象,推导了拟平均轨道根数的变化率并考虑了J2平方项补偿;以拟平均轨道根数为状态变量并以卫星瞬时速度和位置作为观测量建立了滤波方程,然后分别应用平方根无迹卡尔曼滤波(SR UKF)和扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)对拟平均轨道根数进行估计。仿真结果表明,两种滤波方法均能有效地计算拟平均轨道根数,其中平方根UKF滤波具有更高的精度和稳定度,且都可以满足卫星在轨自主实时计算拟平均轨道根数的需求。     

嫦娥二号探测器轨道确定与支持

针对嫦娥二号探测器直接进入地月转移轨道、距月面100km高度捕获月球、完成既定任务后飞往日地第二拉格朗日平动点等飞行轨道方面的新特点,分析了定轨预报策略,利用事后精密轨道,全面评估了关键变轨点定轨预报和变轨后快速定轨的精度,其中,近月制动前3h定轨预报至近月点的位置误差为1km,速度误差为 0.3m/s 。利用不同月球引力场模型进行环月轨道精密定轨,根据实测数据残差分析和精密星历比对的结果,采用SGM100h引力场模型的定轨残差均方根最大。此外,针对嫦娥二号扩展任务,分析了不同测轨条件下的定轨精度,测量数据残差分析结果表明,在扩展任务中途修正前的定轨弧段内,测距、时延和时延率数据的残差分别为5m,5ns和1ps/s。     

火焰筒压力损失对贫油熄火特性和燃烧效率的影响

以3.0%火焰筒压力损失火焰筒作为基准,分别设计了2.5%和2.0%火焰筒压力损失的火焰筒,通过试验研究火焰筒压力损失对贫油熄火性能及燃烧效率的影响.在模拟慢车状态下,低压力损失方案均比基准方案的贫油熄火油气比低,2.5%方案的贫油熄火油气比最低;在模拟高温高压状态,3种方案火焰筒燃烧效率对火焰筒压力损失不敏感.综合比较地面起动点火试验结果,在该基准上将火焰筒压力损失降低至2.5%不会对燃烧室综合燃烧性能造成不利影响.      

CFD Study of NO_x Emissions in a Model Commercial Aircraft Engine Combustor

Air worthiness requirements of the aircraft engine emission bring new challenges to the combustor research and design. With the motivation to design high performance and clean combustor, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is utilized as the powerful design approach. In this paper, Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of reactive two-phase flow in an experimental low emission combustor is performed. The numerical approach uses an implicit compressible gas solver together with a Lagrangian liquid-phase tracking method and the extended coherent flamelet model for turbulence-combustion interaction. The NOx formation is modeled by the concept of post-processing, which resolves the NOx transport equation with the assumption of frozen temperature distribution. Both turbulence-combustion interaction model and NOx formation model are firstly evaluated by the comparison of experimental data published in open literature of a lean direct injection (LDI) combustor. The test rig studied in this paper is called low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor, which is a two-stage model combustor, fueled with liquid kerosene (RP-3) and designed by Beihang University (BUAA). The main stage of LESS combustor employs the principle of lean prevaporized and premixed (LPP) concept to reduce pollutant, and the pilot stage depends on a diffusion flame for flame stabili-zation. Detailed numerical results including species distribution, turbulence performance and burning performance are qualita-tively and quantitatively evaluated. Numerical prediction of NOx emission shows a good agreement with test data at both idle condition and full power condition of LESS combustor. Preliminary results of the flame structure are shown in this paper. The flame stabilization mechanism and NOx reduction effort are also discussed with in-depth analysis.     

Aerodynamic Design Methodology for Blended Wing Body Transport

This paper puts forward a design idea for blended wing body(BWB).The idea is described as that cruise point,maximum lift to drag point and pitch trim point are in the same flight attitude.According to this design idea,design objectives and constraints are defined.By applying low and high fidelity aerodynamic analysis tools,BWB aerodynamic design methodology is established by the combination of optimization design and inverse design methods.High lift to drag ratio,pitch trim and acceptable buffet margin can be achieved by this design methodology.For 300-passenger BWB configuration based on static stability design,as compared with initial configuration,the maximum lift to drag ratio and pitch trim are achieved at cruise condition,zero lift pitching moment is positive,and buffet characteristics is well.Fuel burn of 300-passenger BWB configuration is also significantly reduced as compared with conventional civil transports.Because aerodynamic design is carried out under the constraints of BWB design requirements,the design configuration fulfills the demands for interior layout and provides a solid foundation for continuous work.