基于序列-图像映射的航天器智能故障诊断方法

卫星组网是未来航天的发展大趋势,要保证众星在轨安全可靠稳定运行,要求单星具备高精度的在轨自主故障诊断能力。本文针对航天器控制系统故障闭环传播和数据维数高的特点,结合某航天器的地面测试数据,首先对高维耦合序列数据进行处理,实现序列到灰度图像的映射,然后采用卷积神经网络完成高精度同一故障部件的故障诊断。通过将所提方法与K邻近算法、基于主成分分析的K邻近算法等非图像化机器学习算法进行对比验证,说明了本文所提方法的有效性。     

三维编织细编穿刺炭/炭复合材料拉伸与压缩性能及试件尺寸效应研究

通过对三维编织细编穿刺炭/炭复合材料的Z向和XY向进行的拉伸、压缩宏观实验,观测了不同载荷形式下和不同几何尺寸的试件的破坏模式和断口形貌,得到了材料在拉伸、压缩载荷下不同的破坏机理及材料的力学性能与试件几何尺寸的相关性。研究表明,材料Z向拉伸破坏时为平断口,XY向拉伸破坏时为台阶状断口,压缩载荷作用下Z向和XY向都为与受力方向成45°的剪切型破坏,Z向和XY向的压缩强度随试件的几何尺寸的变化具有相同的变化趋势,但Z向变化趋势较XY向更明显。所获结论为进一步进行该材料的刚度和强度预报以及强度准则的建立奠定了必要的实验基础。     

靶场时统中自适应Loran-C接收机的研究

针对运载火箭的时间同步问题,提出了一种基于ESPRIT算法估计Loran-C接收机天波延迟的信号处理新技术,为设计具有自适应调节最佳采样点的Loran-C接收机打下良好的基础。利用频谱相除技术构建了延迟时间测量的信号模型,研究了频谱相除后信号的幅频特性。针对通带外噪声被放大的现象,提出频域加窗的措施。最后,提出用ESPRIT算法估计了天波延迟,避免了诸如AR、ARMA、MUSIC等算法在整个时域计算参数的弊端,更适合于适时应用。仿真结果表明,频域加窗影响识别天波的分辨率,ESPRIT算法能够正确估计天波的延迟,而且比FFT具有更高的分辨率。     

刷式密封二维模型数值计算

应用计入刷丝变形影响的各向异性多孔介质模型,用阻抗力表示刷丝对流动介质的阻碍作用,并将其作为Navier-Stoke方程的源项,以有限体积和SIMPLE算法为基础建立计算模型.通过流场计算,得到刷式密封的压力分布、速度分布以及泄漏量等.并根据计算结果分析结构和工况参数对刷式密封性能的影响.比较分析表明所述方法在刷式密封分析中具有实用价值.      

微量Ag对Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-Zr合金组织与耐热性能的影响

通过力学性能测试、金相显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜观察,研究微量Ag对Al-5.3Cu-0.8Mg-0.3Mn-0.15Zr合金薄板力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明,加入微量Ag后,提高合金的时效硬化能力,缩短峰时效时间。合金的室温抗拉强度和高温耐热性能得到提高,合金力学性能提高的原因在于析出一种更细小弥散的片状Ω相。未添加Ag的合金析出强化相为θ′相和少量S′相;添加Ag后,主要强化相为Ω相和少量θ′相。经固溶时效处理后,两种合金均发生完全再结晶。     

大型飞机辅助动力装置与微型涡轮发动机技术特点对比

对比分析了这两类动力系统的总体设计和部件技术特点,总结了两者的相似性和不同.分析结果显示:用于150～200座大型飞机的辅助动力装置与推力400 N左右的微型涡轮发动机具有相当的功率;两类动力系统主要部件的设计和制造都具有相似性,微型涡轮发动机的部件性能指标更高,而辅助动力装置通过略保守的设计来获得高可靠性、经济性和长寿命.最后,提出了在已有MTE技术基础上开展APU研制的技术路线.      

某弹载计算机GJB1188A接口的设计与实现

栽机要求悬挂物必须实现GJB1188A中数据总线(GJB289A)的远程终端(RT)功能,同时实现GJB1188A中任务悬挂物投放允许等接口功能.描述了一种采用TMS320C6713B高速浮点DSP为核心的GJB1188A接口的实现方法,从硬件平台组成、控制逻辑实现、驱动软件结构三个方面来说明GJB289A(RT)功能的实现方法.介绍了任务悬挂物投放允许等接口的一种设计实现方法.从而将以往单一的GJB289A总线接口模块与嵌入式计算机结合在一起.满足了体积和成本上的要求.使嵌入式弹载计算机在GJB1188A接口的前提下实现与机载火控系统的通信、进行同步的数据采集与控制.     

Self-Sensing Test Method for the Temperature of Piezoelectric Stacks

A self-sensing test method for the temperature of piezoelectric stack,based on the high correlation between the static capacitance and the stack temperature,is proposed in order to construct a self-sufficient methodology of temperature measurement. Firstly,a theoretical model of static capacitance of the piezoelectric stack under preload was set up,and the influence of preload on the static capacitance was analyzed. Secondly,the correctness of the model was verified by static capacitance test experiments under various preloading conditions. Finally, the temperature measurement experiments at low-temperature stage for two kinds of piezoelectric stacks,namely the lowtemperature-resistant piezoelectric stack and conventional piezoelectric stack, were conducted under various preloading conditions using a polynomial fitting method. The results,which validate the accuracy of the test method,show that the maximum temperature deviations of the two kinds of piezoelectric stack are 3.9 ℃ and 2.8 ℃,respectively,when the preload force is close to the specified value. The test method uses the piezoelectric stack itself as a temperature sensor,which does not require additional equipment for temperature sensing,so that the space and equipment cost could be economized. And the test for static capacitance is concise and convenient,which indicates that in the cooling process,a concise and efficient test of the temperature of the piezoelectric stack could be realized so as to grasp the current temperature change in time.     

树脂基防隔热复合材料高温响应分析方法研究进展

针对树脂基防隔热复合材料高温条件下复杂的热/力/化学的多场耦合问题，从高温性能预报模型、高温响应求解方法和高温试验测试三方面进行了论述。详细介绍了研究树脂基防隔热复合材料高温响应相关的热解动力学模型、材料高温热物性及力学性能演化表征方法、材料高温响应模型的求解方法以及表征材料高温响应的多种高温试验测试手段。对上述研究方法的发展进行了评述，并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。本文有助于相关研究人员认识和发展树脂基复合材料在高温下的热力响应分析方法，也可供工程技术人员对这类材料的防隔热性能和高温承载性能进行研究。     

Service life prediction of AP/Al/HTPB solid rocket propellant with consideration of softening aging behavior

The aging behavior of softening composite solid propellant was investigated by measuring its mechanical and ballistic prosperities during prolonged storage at elevated and room temperatures. Accelerated aging was conducted at 65 °C for 231 days while the normal aging was performed at 25 ± 3 °C and relative humidity less than 50% for 8 years. The mechanical properties were obtained from uniaxial tensile tests for the aged propellant specimens while the ballistic properties were determined from static firing tests of subscale motors aged for 112 days at 65 °C. The mechanical results show that the maximum tensile strength and Young's modulus initially increase and subsequently decrease with increasing aging time, while the maximum tensile strain generally increases with increasing aging time. The ballistic properties like burning rate show a small change which cannot affect the ballistic performance. The experimental results show that the changes in the mechanical properties are significant during the aging period, but the burning rate does not undergo significant changes. From this study, it is observed that the propellant ages through a combination of reactions like post-cure, oxidative cross-linking, chain scission, and hydrolysis. The chain scission and the hydrolysis effect are the most significant process, which makes the propellant soft and extendible. The observed aging mechanism has been modeled using an exponential function with two terms which can describe the complex behavior of the aging. By applying Arrhenius equation,the activation energy values were obtained based on the propellant mechanical properties. The shelf life of this propellant formulation at 25 °C is predicted to be 13 years using the modulus as failure criteria and control parameter.