硕果香来自坚持推行全面质量管理——黎阳公司产品获得两枚国家银质奖的经验

本文阐述了黎阳机械公司产品两次获得国家银质奖的主要经验:坚持推行全面质量管理和切实做好企业的各项基础管理工作。文中说明了七项具体做法及其对争优、创优所起的作用。     

参考照片

装在伽利略探测器顶部的惯性未级(IUS)助推器正在点火,使探测器飞向金星,最终到达木星。左侧是发射探测器的阿特兰蒂斯号航天飞机伽利略探测器向木星释放再入器。在伽利略探测器上有百页窗,以保护在地球轨道内探测器上的敏感部分不受到太阳的高热照射这是一幅绘制的火星观察者探测器构造图。其上装有研究地形学、矿物学、大气学的仪器。A为伽玛射线分光计;B为激光测高计;C为火星气球中继天线;D为密封的红外辐射计;E为热辐射分光计;F为火     

新型CW雷达信号的延时—多普勒响应

本文概述了连续波（ＣＷ）雷达原理，并运用此原理获得了新型ＣＷ信号的延时－多普勒响应。近几年来所报道的这些信号由于其良好的周期自相关性能而具有极低的距离边瓣。这种性能是普通线性－调频信号所不具备的。     

玻璃碳断裂性能的一些研究

本文简要介绍用“声共振法”测材料的杨氏模量,用“控制裂纹法”测材料的断裂韧性以及材料的极限应变能释放率的计算。对三种玻璃碳的室温-1023°K的杨氏模量和断裂韧性进行了测定,用电子扫描显微镜对玻璃碳的断裂、氧化和加工表面进行研究观察,分析了玻璃碳的极限应变能释放率并与多晶石墨及碳-碳复合材料进行比较。     

Survival of rock-colonizing organisms after 1.5 years in outer space

Cryptoendolithic microbial communities and epilithic lichens have been considered as appropriate candidates for the scenario of lithopanspermia, which proposes a natural interplanetary exchange of organisms by means of rocks that have been impact ejected from their planet of origin. So far, the hardiness of these terrestrial organisms in the severe and hostile conditions of space has not been tested over extended periods of time. A first long-term (1.5 years) exposure experiment in space was performed with a variety of rock-colonizing eukaryotic organisms at the International Space Station on board the European EXPOSE-E facility. Organisms were selected that are especially adapted to cope with the environmental extremes of their natural habitats. It was found that some-but not all-of those most robust microbial communities from extremely hostile regions on Earth are also partially resistant to the even more hostile environment of outer space, including high vacuum, temperature fluctuation, the full spectrum of extraterrestrial solar electromagnetic radiation, and cosmic ionizing radiation. Although the reported experimental period of 1.5 years in space is not comparable with the time spans of thousands or millions of years believed to be required for lithopanspermia, our data provide first evidence of the differential hardiness of cryptoendolithic communities in space.     

DEMETER卫星记录到的电离层加热现象

在法国DEMETER卫星运行期间, 地基电离层加热装置SURA和HAARP开展了一系列加热试验, 记录到各类电离层异常信息, 发现电离层加热过程中卫星观测的电离层扰动信号包括HF发射泵波及边带泵波、VLF人工源增强及频谱拓展、ULF/ELF/VLF调制波、ELF电磁扰动、ULF谐振波、等离子体特征参量扰动及高能粒子沉降等. 由于传播及耦合机制的差异, 发射泵波可以穿透电离层直达卫星高度, 其观测概率最高达到68%以上, 其他扰动受发射调制模式及当地电磁环境等影响,观测概率相对较低, 均在40%左右, 有些甚至是某次试验中出现的个别事例. 结合中国地震电磁监测试验卫星飞行轨道设计及载荷配置等,对未来开展加热试验进行了分析论证, 并参考DEMETER卫星试验结果给出了一些建议.      

Evaluation of Turbulence Models in Predicting Hypersonic and Subsonic Base Flows Using Grid Adaptation Techniques

The flows behind the base of a generic rocket, at both hypersonic and subsonic flow conditions, are numerically studied. The main concerns are addressed to the evaluation of turbulence models and the using of grid adaptation techniques. The investiga- tion focuses on two configurations, related to hypersonic and subsonic experiments. The applicability tests of different turbulence models are conducted on the level of two-equation models calculating the steady state solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations. All used models, the original Wilcox k-ω, the Menter shear-stress transport (SST) and the explicit algebraic Reynolds stress model(EARSM) formulation, predict an asymmetric base flow in both cases caused by the support of the models. A comparison with preliminary experimental results indicates a preference for the SST and EARSM results over the results from the older k-ω model. Sensitivity studies show no significant influence of the grid topology or the location of the laminar to turbulent transition on the base flow field, but a strong influence of even small angles of attack is reported from the related experiments.     

Advances in the Researches of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in China in 2012–2014

In this report we summarize the research results by Chinese scientists in 2012–2014. The focuses are placed on the researches of the middle and upper atmosphere, specifically the researches related to ground-based observation capability development, dynamical processes, the property of circulation and chemistry-climate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers.     

RNP AR离场程序设计及实例分析

RNP AR飞行程序可有效避开地形、减小空域冲突、解决环境问题,提高飞行安全性、效率和空域容量.目前RNP AR设计规范中没有明确的RNP AR离场程序设计规范,但实际RNP AR运行中使用了RNP AR离场程序.本文考虑了ICAO 8168第二卷中一般离场程序原则并结合RNP AR运行特点,给出了RNP AR离场程序...