Cardinality compensation method based on information-weighted consensus filter using data clustering for multi-target tracking

In this paper, a cardinality compensation method based on Information-weighted Consensus Filter(ICF) using data clustering is proposed in order to accurately estimate the cardinality of the Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density(CPHD) filter. Although the joint propagation of the intensity and the cardinality distribution in the CPHD filter process allows for more reliable estimation of the cardinality(target number) than the PHD filter, tracking loss may occur when noise and clutter are high in the measurements in a practical situation. For that reason, the cardinality compensation process is included in the CPHD filter, which is based on information fusion step using estimated cardinality obtained from the CPHD filter and measured cardinality obtained through data clustering. Here, the ICF is used for information fusion. To verify the performance of the proposed method, simulations were carried out and it was confirmed that the tracking performance of the multi-target was improved because the cardinality was estimated more accurately as compared to the existing techniques.     

齿轮传动对转桨扇发动机总体性能建模

为了开展齿轮传动对转桨扇发动机总体性能计算,在双轴涡桨发动机性能模型基础上完善了减速器与对转桨扇性能计算模型,通过构建求解方程组完成了齿轮传动桨扇发动机总体性能建模。计算表明,本模型设计点性能计算结果与公开文献计算结果误差不高于0.1%。本模型可在控制规律设计中选择桨距角为被控参数,且桨距角的调节对对应桨性能及转速影响最大;选定燃气发生器某一参数作为被控参数,再从前后桨桨距角、转速及自由涡轮转速中选取两个被控参数,组合形成的10种三变量组合控制规律均能在本模型中完成计算。结果表明,本模型可支持开展桨扇发动机控制规律设计与性能计算,具有良好的适用性与收敛性。     

基于IDMS的航空发动机砂尘吸入物定量监测

针对航空发动机砂尘吸入物定量监测的问题,提出了基于进气监测系统(IDMS)的砂尘吸入物质量浓度监测及总量估算方法。借助ANSYS电磁场仿真软件建立了IDMS系统有限元模型,实现对发动机实际工况下的砂尘吸入物的静电场模拟,研究确定砂尘吸入物质量浓度、荷质比等宏观参数与IDMS监测信号的关系。研究发现所建立的IDMS有限元模型获得的传感器特性与前期试验获得的结论一致,静电信号随吸入颗粒物浓度的变化与试验中实测信号的变化趋势一致,为基于IDMS信号的砂尘吸入物定量监测和评估提供理论依据。仿真试验表明,荷质比一定的情况下IDMS感应电荷量与砂尘浓度呈线性增长关系,通过IDMS感应电荷信号可实时监测发动机砂尘吸入物质量浓度,并可进一步累积估算一段时间内砂尘吸入物总量,最终总量估计误差不超过4%。     

Influence of coupled characteristics on the internally-staged combustor under low-power operation

An ultra low emissions combustor, namely low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor was studied, based on a scheme of internally staged/lean premixed and prevaporized (LPP) combustion. The LESS combustor consists of central pilot stage and outer surrounded coaxially main stage, between which there exists a physical isolation, namely the step height. The existence of step height delayed the pilot and main jets mixing. Experimental and numerical studies were carried out to investigate the influence of the step height on the combustion performance. A single dome rectangular combustor was utilized to conduct the lean lightoff and blowout experiments, and pollutant emission experiments. The experimental results showed that with the increase of step height by 38%, the lean lightoff and blowout fuel air ratio decreased by 574% and 375%, the NOx emission increased by 35.1%, and the combustion efficiency increased by 1.78%; while the CO,unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) emissions decreased. Furthermore, the total pressure loss was kept nearly constant. Non reacting and reacting flow fields were numerically investigated to analyze the coupled characteristics of pilot and main jets with different step heights. A comparison of flow characteristics, spray structure, and combustion component as well as temperature field with different step heights was conducted. The numerical results showed that the increase of the step height shifted the peak velocity outwards. The enlargement of the primary recirculation zone (PRZ) resulted in the increase of the combustion efficiency and NOx emission, while the CO, UHC emissions decreeased.      

焊接接头典型缺陷的数字X射线尺寸测量技术

为了准确测量焊接接头典型缺陷的尺寸,提出了一种基于半波高法(HWH)的焊接接头缺陷数字射线尺寸测量技术。首先,分析了数字射线检测系统的调制传递函数(MTF),确定了检测系统的空间分辨率。其次,对焊接接头的典型缺陷进行模拟,通过半波高法测量其尺寸。结果表明:依据瑞利判据,运用双丝像质计测定该检测系统的空间分辨率为4.5 Lp/mm;运用该方法测量焊接接头缺陷尺寸,与实际尺寸基本相符,误差小于6.3%,该方法避免了人为因素的影响,精度可满足日常产品的检测需求。     

基于MEMS传感器的四旋翼组合测姿研究

针对四旋翼无人机机体尺寸较小、带载荷能力有限的特点,设计基于低成本MEMS惯性器件的测姿系统,以满足四旋翼无人机在系统控制方面的需求。但是低成本的MEMS惯性器件具有精度低,随机漂移大,容易受到外界环境干扰等缺点。本文充分发挥四旋翼无人机搭载的MEMS惯性器件的功能,分别利用两种方法测量载体姿态,并通过卡尔曼滤波的方法实现这两种测姿方法的数据融合。经过仿真分析,融合后组合测姿系统的测姿精度得到提高。     

双波段红外目标检测综述

红外成像系统具备优秀的夜间可视能力,并且具备良好的抗干扰能力、识别伪装的能力,在军事领域的应用日益广泛。可见光成像系统易受光照强度的影响,无法在封闭空间或夜间等弱光条件下工作,而物体的红外辐射能量仅与物体温度和物质特性有关,所以红外成像不需要考虑光照强度,可以在全天候时段工作。红外目标检测可以应用单波段和多波段的方式进行探测,单波段探测由于目标信息有限,往往目标会存在小、弱、暗等问题,导致检测能力不理想,而多波段检测通过利用不同波段信息的冗余性、互补性,大幅度提高目标检测和识别的概率,提高识别伪装的能力。但双波段目标检测中存在很多技术难点,对红外小目标检测技术进行了分类,分析了技术难点,按不同的方法进行了总结描述。再对双波段目标检测技术进行了详细的描述,并选取了常见算法进行了性能比较和原理分析,突出了双波段目标检测的优势。     

基于CATIA复合材料铺层设计

复合材料预浸料铺层成型易产生皱褶或凸起,而铺层设计是关键。以飞机双曲面罩类零件为例。运用CATIA复合材料设计方法,先通过对零件进行产品性能分析,确定曲面的不可展性;再对单层曲面进行网格离散化处理,计算出网格曲面模型上各点的高斯曲率,根据曲率最大值所在点确定剪口路径,最终将曲面进行展开;通过模拟铺层成型试验,对展开样板的准确性进行验证,有效地避免了皱褶或凸起的出现。     

高低周复合疲劳试验中振动应力的监测与计算

某型航空发动机涡轮叶片高低周复合疲劳试验中,对考核部位振动应力的监测与控制是试验的难点之一.本文采用监测振幅的方法,并结合试验中的测量数据,对施加高低周载荷的试验系统进行数值模拟计算和分析,得到了试验测量振幅与考核点振动应力的关系.从而将试验中可测量和不可测量联系起来,为试验研究和试验数据处理提供了依据.     

再生冷却通道跨临界甲烷流动传热研究

采用数值模拟方法,对再生冷却通道和跨临界甲烷进行三维流动与传热耦合计算.采用经验公式模拟燃气侧对流和辐射换热,考虑跨临界甲烷物性随温度和压力的变化.所得结果表明:甲烷比定压热容、黏度、导热系数在冷却通道截面出现极值,阻碍其热量交换,流场分层、流速非对称明显;冷却通道温度沿径向减小,沿周向增加至通道中心达到最大,在肋根处热流密度最低.