真实进气条件下发动机稳定裕度损失评估

为了确定航空发动机压缩系统在进气总压畸变条件下的稳定裕度损失，开展了基于平行压气机模型的稳定裕度损失评估方法研究。通过对试飞中实测的总压畸变图谱进行等效转换，转换结果作为平行压气机模型的输入，得到畸变条件下压缩系统的稳定边界，再通过试飞数据确定压缩系统的流量，从而确定畸变时刻压缩系统的稳定裕度损失。对某型涡扇发动机进行计算，得到周向总压畸变强度为3.3%时风扇的稳定裕度损失为3.8%。通过对两种不同畸变强度的周向总压畸变的计算结果的对比，表明该方法可用于确定总压畸变条件下的稳定裕度损失。     

陶瓷材料的超声辅助铣磨削加工技术

陶瓷材料由于具有高熔点、高硬度、高耐磨性、耐氧化、良好的绝缘性等优点，使得其在航天领域得到广泛的应用。针对陶瓷材料在常规机械加工过程中易引入微裂纹等非本征缺陷和残余应力等加工缺陷，通过对陶瓷材料特性的理论分析，引入超声振动加工方法。同时，对陶瓷材料超声振动加工的机理进行了分析，对比验证了普通磨削加工和超声辅助铣磨削加工的效果。采用仿真分析了超声加工过程中工件所受的切削压力和内应力云图，并从理论的角度进行了验证，实现了陶瓷材料产品表观质量的大幅提升，其表面粗糙度达到Ra0.56μm。     

基于半导体可饱和吸收镜的耦合光电振荡器

针对微波光子射频系统对高质量的高重频光脉冲的迫切需求，提出和研究基于半导体可饱和吸收镜的耦合光电振荡器，利用饱和吸收效应有效抑制超模噪声，有效改善耦合光电振荡器中超模噪声带来的光脉冲抖动问题。对半导体可饱和吸收镜抑制噪声的机理进行理论分析，并搭建实验系统，实现重频为10.6 GHz的光脉冲产生，超模抑制比达到55.3 dB，相应射频信号的边模抑制比为79.7 dB，相位噪声为-108 dBc/Hz@10 kHz。该方案创新性地将半导体可饱和吸收镜引入耦合光电振荡器中，实现对超模噪声的抑制，并为系统的小型化和集成化提供了关键技术支撑。     

CPPS及在航空领域的应用

赛博物理生产系统(Cyber-Physical Production Systems,CPPS)目前已成为工业界与学术界的研究热点,各制造强国也纷纷将其作为提升本国制造业全球竞争力的核心技术之一.首先详细阐述了赛博物理系统(CyberPhysical Systems,CPS)以及CPPS的概念,并提出了CPPS的5个关键特征;其次,指出了CPPS研究中所重点关注的技术领域;最后,介绍了CPPS在航空领域的应用以及对我国制造企业的启示.     

Responses of haloarchaea to simulated microgravity

Various effects of microgravity on prokaryotes have been recognized in recent years, with the focus on studies of pathogenic bacteria. No archaea have been investigated yet with respect to their responses to microgravity. For exposure experiments on spacecrafts or on the International Space Station, halophilic archaea (haloarchaea) are usually embedded in halite, where they accumulate in fluid inclusions. In a liquid environment, these cells will experience microgravity in space, which might influence their viability and survival. Two haloarchaeal strains, Haloferax mediterranei and Halococcus dombrowskii, were grown in simulated microgravity (SMG) with the rotary cell culture system (RCCS, Synthecon). Initially, salt precipitation and detachment of the porous aeration membranes in the RCCS were observed, but they were avoided in the remainder of the experiment by using disposable instead of reusable vessels. Several effects were detected, which were ascribed to growth in SMG: Hfx. mediterranei's resistance to the antibiotics bacitracin, erythromycin, and rifampicin increased markedly; differences in pigmentation and whole cell protein composition (proteome) of both strains were noted; cell aggregation of Hcc. dombrowskii was notably reduced. The results suggest profound effects of SMG on haloarchaeal physiology and cellular processes, some of which were easily observable and measurable. This is the first report of archaeal responses to SMG. The molecular mechanisms of the effects induced by SMG on prokaryotes are largely unknown; haloarchaea could be used as nonpathogenic model systems for their elucidation and in addition could provide information about survival during lithopanspermia (interplanetary transport of microbes inside meteorites).     

某型号教练机用树脂基复合材料层压板结构件修补工艺的研究

针对某型号教练机复合材料垂尾的修理,开展了某型号教练机用树脂基复合材料层压板结构件的修补工艺研究.通过试验研究,确定了修补角度、修补补片材料、修补用胶粘剂和补片类型等.同时,自主研发了具有知识产权的专用修补工具-斜面磨轮.该修补工艺已形成企标“复合材料挖补修理工艺规范”.采用该企标对某型号教练机复合材料垂尾翼盒和方向舵...     

重力梯度力矩引起的自旋稳定卫星姿态摄动

建立了自旋稳定卫星姿态摄动的数值分析方法及模型,对重力梯度力矩作用下自旋卫星自旋轴相对于地心惯性系进动和章动以及赤经和赤纬的变化进行了仿真分析。对重力梯度力矩引起的自旋稳定卫星姿态摄动的演化规律进行了研究。指出在重力梯度力矩的作用下：自旋轴指向绕轨道面法线进动;章动角速度远小于进动角速度;轨道角速度越大,星体相对于地心惯性系的进动角速度和章动角速度越大,赤经和赤纬的变化率越大;自旋角速度越大,星体相对于地心惯性系的进动角速度和章动角速度越小,赤经和赤纬的变化率越小。     

USB观测数据时标偏差影响分析与评估

USB系统是目前中国载人航天和月球探测任务的主要测控网.由于USB测量设备本身以及无线电信号传播媒介以及其他误差因素的影响,USB测量数据中包含了各种误差,需要在定轨时对观测数据进行误差修正.通常,例行的USB测量误差修正包括对流层折射修正、电离层延迟修正和通道延迟修正,但对定轨过程中可能影响观测数据计算精度的时标偏差并未作修正.针对USB测距测速观测数据,详细研究了观测数据时标偏差对观测值计算精度的影响,分析了误差影响特性,建立了相应的误差修正模型,并通过与卫星星历偏差对USB测距测速观测值计算精度影响特征的比较,发现时标偏差对测量的影响与轨道沿迹误差对观测计算值的影响等效,这使得在定轨过程中分离时标偏差的难度较大.提出了基于星载GPS定位数据分离时标偏差的方法,并利用某次任务的实测数据,分离出了该次任务中USB测量的时标偏差.最后针对目前USB数据时标偏差影响和观测误差量级相当的情况,建议将目前的观测时标精度提高到优于0.1ms的水平,使得时标偏差的影响降低到比观测误差小一个量级的水平.     

Cosmic dosimetry using TLD aboard spacecrafts of the "Cosmos" series

Thermoluminescent (TL) detectors were used for dosimetric investigations on the outer surface as well as inside Soviet spacecrafts of the "Cosmos" series. At the outer surface, ultrathin TL detectors, based on CaF2-PTFE and LiF, were arranged in special stacks and exposed to unshielded cosmic radiation. The strong decrease of dose within a few mg/cm2 demonstrates that weakly penetrating radiation is dominating in the radiation field under investigation. On the basis of glow curve analysis of LiF thermoluminescent detectors it could be shown, that the high doses are caused by electrons.     

基于自标识的航空电子系统ICD定义方法

为了满足现代航电系统对接口控制文件(ICD)的需求,提出了一种基于自标识和文本表示的航空电子系统ICD定义方法。可实现应用层的逻辑消息与物理网络层的数据包格式之间的设计分离,提高ICD消息的可理解性,消除ICD设计对计算平台的依赖性。方法已在特定型号应用中得到了验证,并体现出良好的可扩展性和较强的适应性。