Online condition diagnosis for a two-stage gearbox machinery of an aerospace utilization system using an ensemble multi-fault features indexing approach

China manned space station is designed to operate for over ten years. Long-term and sustainable research on space science and technology will be conducted during its operation. The application payloads must meet the ‘‘long life and high reliability" mission requirement. Gearbox machinery is one of the essential devices in an aerospace utilization system, failure of which may lead to downtime loss even during some disastrous catastrophes. A fault diagnosis of gearbox has attracted attentions for its significance in preventing catastrophic accidents and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. A novel fault diagnosis method based on the Ensemble Multi-Fault Features Indexing(EMFFI) approach is proposed for the condition monitoring of gearboxes. Different from traditional methods of signal analysis in the one-dimensional space, this study employs a supervised learning method to determine the faults of a gearbox in a two-dimensional space using the classification model established by training the features extracted automatically from diagnostic vibration signals captured. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signals are transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology,which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, Speeded-Up Robustness Feature(SURF) is applied to automatically extract the image feature points of the bi-spectrum contour map using a multi-fault features indexing theory, and the feature dimension is reduced by Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA). Finally, Random Forest(RF) is introduced to identify the fault types of the gearbox. The test results verify that the proposed method based on the multi-fault features indexing approach achieves the target of high diagnostic accuracy and can serve as a highly effective technique to discover faults in a gearbox machinery such as a two-stage one.     

A new error-controllable method for smoothing the G01 commands

In real machining, the tool paths are composed of a series of short line segments, which constitute groups of sharp corners correspondingly leading to geometry discontinuity in tangent. As a result, high acceleration with high fluctuation usually occurs. If these kinds of tool paths are directly used for machining, the feedrate and quality will be greatly reduced. Thus, generating continuous tool paths is strongly desired. This paper presents a new error-controllable method for generating continuous tool path. Different from the traditional method focusing on fitting the cutter locations, the proposed method realizes globally smoothing the tool path in an error-controllable way. Concretely, it does the smoothing by approaching the newly produced curve to the linear tool path by taking the tolerance requirement as a constraint. That is, the error between the desired tool path and the G01 commands are taken as a boundary condition to ensure the finally smoothed curve being within the given tolerance. Besides, to improve the smoothing ability in case of small corner angle, an improved local smoothing method is also proposed by symmetrically assigning the control points to the two adjacent linear segments with the constrains of tolerance and G3 continuity. Experiments on an open five-axis machine are developed to verify the advantages of the proposed methods.     

A survey on numerical simulations of drag and heat reduction mechanism in supersonic/hypersonic flows

Along with the survey on experimental investigations drawing attention to the drag and heat reduction mechanism, the authors simultaneously focus on the recent advances of numerical simulations on the schemes applied to supersonic/hypersonic vehicles. The CFD study has evolved as an irreplaceable method in scheme evaluation and aircraft optimization. Similar to our previous experimental survey, the advances in drag and heat reduction schemes are reviewed by similar kinds of mechanism in this article, namely the forward-facing cavity, the opposing jet, the aerospike, the energy deposition and their combinational configurations. This review article puts an emphatic eye on the flow conditions, numerical methods, novel schemes and analytical conclusions given in the simulations. Further, the multi-objective design optimization concept has also been illustrated due to the observable advantages of using CFD over experimental method, especially those performances conducted in drag reduction and thermal protection practice, and this would possess reference value in the design of aircraft system.     

超声速涡轮叶型全局气动优化设计

针对涡轮叶型全局优化设计计算时间长、样本空间大等难点提出一种可行的优化设计方法,该方法将控制叶型的17个参数作为优化变量,采用第二代多目标遗传算法进行全局自动寻优。基于此方法,搭建了涡轮叶型全局优化设计平台。利用此平台,分别采用轴向稠度固定和自由优化两种方式对超声速涡轮叶型进行了优化设计。数值计算结果表明,两组优化设计叶型在设计工况下总压损失系数比参考叶型分别低19.5%和10.0%,流道中的激波强度更弱,且在变工况条件下都具有较好的气动性能。深入分析流场与激波结构后发现,外尾激波相比于内尾激波对总损失的影响更大,通过减小气流膨胀转折角或内尾激波气流转折角能够有效削弱外尾激波强度。     

软件定义网络在无人机地面站的应用研究

借鉴软件定义网络（SDN）的思想,提出一种网络智能流量控制方法并研制出智能流量控制软件。它综合采用网络态势感知技术、显式拥塞通告技术、数据中心传输控制协议和多队列调度技术来实现了网络态势动态感知和网络流量全局控制。该软件在半实物仿真软件定义网络环境中进行了测试,测试结果满足了预期的指标;该软件还在某无人机地面站中进行了验证,显著提高了测控数据在网络中传输的确定性。     

基于信息流分析的干扰/抗干扰若干问题讨论

通过分析电子对抗过程中信息的传递过程,提出了对干扰和抗干扰措施的信息论定义,给出了一种抗干扰措施性能函数的表述方法,分析了提高干扰效果的技术途径.所提出的观点与现有的电子对抗实践经验是吻合的,但要真正实现量化应用,还需要有大量的试验数据和有效的数学模型来进行技术支撑.     

低速流场中柔性悬臂板的后颤振响应

建立了一个新的非线性气动弹性模型,对低速流场中柔性悬臂板的后颤振响应特性进行了分析。建模中考虑了结构几何非线性、气动力非线性以及两者之间的强耦合效应。通过实验数据对所建立的气动弹性模型进行了验证。发现在低速流场中柔性悬臂板可能会以周期加倍的方式进入混沌运动。结构几何非线性效应和翼尖涡引起的非定常气动力效应对柔性悬臂板的结构响应有显著影响,而尾涡变形引起的非定常气动力对结构运动的影响较小。还研究了不同耦合算法的差异,给出了小展弦比大柔性结构非线性气动弹性数值仿真时耦合策略的选择依据。     

轴系非线性振动解析模型研究

针对高速柔性轴系振动中线性与非线性的耦合作用,定义了非线性尺度因子ε,构建了轴系振动耦合作用模型.该模型拓展了经典线性模型的研究思路,重点探讨轴系的非线性响应.应用多尺度法推导了转子非线性振动的通频解析解的Fourier级数形式,同时给出了非线性固有频率和基频近似频响方程（FRE）.通过实验验证了同尺度条件下（ε=1）,通频解析解及基频近似频响方程的非线性特性,以及解析耦合振动模型与通频解析解的合理性和有效性.      

无位置传感器永磁无刷直流电机位置检测误差因素分析

无位置传感器永磁无刷直流电机的反电动势过零点相电压检测法由于低通滤波器和二极管续流造成非导通相相电压过零点相移与反电动势过零点不一致。经分析、仿真和试验,确定了过零点相移问题的原因。为此,提出了AD采样端电压检测反电势过零点的方法。通过试验证明了该方法的可行性。     

Matching mechanism analysis on an adaptive cycle engine

As a novel aero-engine concept, adaptive cycle aero-engines (ACEs) are attracting wide attention in the international aviation industry due to their potential superior task adaptability along a wide flight regime. However, this superior task adaptability can only be demonstrated through proper combined engine control schedule design. It has resulted in an urgent need to inves-tigate the effect of each variable geometry modulation on engine performance and stability. Thus, the aim of this paper is to predict and discuss the effect of each variable geometry modulation on the matching relationship between engine components as well as the overall engine performance at dif-ferent operating modes, on the basis of a newly developed nonlinear component-based ACE perfor-mance model. Results show that at all four working modes, turning down the high pressure compressor variable stator vane, the low pressure turbine variable nozzle, the nozzle throat area, and turning up the core-driven fan stage variable stator vane, the high pressure turbine variable nozzle can increase the thrust at the expense of a higher high pressure turbine inlet total tempera-ture. However, the influences of these adjustments on the trends of various engine components' working points and working lines as well as the ratio of the rotation speed difference are different from each other. The above results provide valuable guidance and advice for engine combined con-trol schedule design.