子午工程首次火箭探空数据准单色惯性重力波特性分析

利用2010年6月3日子午工程首次气象火箭探测的温度和风场数据,采用矢端曲线法分别从平流层（20~50km）和对流层（0~15km）廓线提取了海南火箭发射场上空准单色惯性重力波参数.火箭探测的平流层和对流层两个准单色惯性重力波分别向上和向下逆风传播,固有周期为20.1h和22.4h,垂直波长为9.5km和4.0km,水平波长为2900km和753km,垂直群速度c_gz为0.0887m·-1和0.0298m·-1,水平群速度c_gh为12.7m·-1和3.65m·-1,λ_h/λ_z为305:1和188:1,c_gh/c_gz为143:1和122:1.      

基于FFT和专家系统的BLDCM系统故障检测与识别

针对具有双通道结构的无刷直流电动机(BLDCM, Brushless DC Motor)容错系统的高可靠性要求和大范围调速特点,在不增加额外设备的条件下,通过分析两个通道中功率电路直流母线电流波形的特点,提出一种采用归一化快速傅里叶变换(FFT, Fast Fourier Transform)方法提取频率特征,再结合基于规则的专家系统进行故障检测与识别的方法,并通过实际电动机系统的试验验证了方法的正确性.试验结果表明:规一化FFT方法可以消除不同转速和不同负载对判断结果的影响;专家系统中阈值的选取可以有效避免实际应用中出现的噪声等因素的影响.算法复杂度低,可靠性高,易于应用,具有很强的实际操作性.     

高分七号卫星激光测高仪分系统关键技术设计与实现

针对1∶10 000比例尺立体测绘对高程控制点的需求,高分七号激光测高仪分系统在传统激光脉冲式距离测量技术的基础上,通过可见光光学被动成像与激光接收光学复合设计方案,同时获取激光足印在地物影像上的二维方位信息和大足印内的多回波波形,并对激光指向在轨监测关键技术进行了设计实现。关键技术仿真及试验结果表明:激光足印平面定位精度可达到5μrad,对强度变化33 dB内的回波测距均值最大变化3.3 cm。在轨监测数据表明:激光发射光轴稳定性优于0.5μrad,无云区域回波探测概率达到100%。测量获取的具备5μrad平面精度、1 m高程精度的激光落点可为1∶10 000比例尺测绘提供高质量的控制点信息。     

基于大数据多视场传函计算的星载相机焦面标定方法

为了精准标定星载相机在轨焦面位置,提出了一种基于大数据多视场光电传递函数过焦曲线的计算方法,即采用大数据处理办法,排除温度梯度、振动等测试环境影响,计算得到多视场光电传递函数,并测试计算不同焦面位置下的传递函数,绘制过焦曲线,标定焦面。通过该方法,实现了有效光学口径为600 mm,焦距为2597 mm的高分七号卫星正样激光测高仪系统中两通道可见光足印相机的焦面标定,位置标定精度小于0.02 mm,各个视场传递函数优于0.35(31线对/毫米)。经高分七号在轨图像验证,大数据多视场光电传递函数计算方法完全满足现有星载相机的标定精度和像质要求。     

电子战信号处理技术的进展

从二次世界大战前无线电通信在战场上应用以来，在敌对的军事行动期间，敌军对有效通信的破坏成为军事指挥官主要关心的问题。从那以后，电磁环境处于朝着更加复杂的抗干扰方向演变，同时不断变换调制方式 。     

Increasing student learning through space life sciences education

Scientists and educators at Baylor College of Medicine are using space life sciences research areas as themes for middle school science and health instructional materials. This paper discusses study findings of the most recent unit, Food and Fitness, which teaches concepts related to energy and nutrition through guided inquiry. Results of a field test involving more than 750 students are reported. Use of the teaching materials resulted in significant knowledge gains by students as measured on a pre/post assessment administered by teachers. In addition, an analysis of the time spent by each teacher on each activity suggested that it is preferable to conduct all of the activities in the unit with students rather than allocating the same total amount of time on just a subset of the activities.     

Toward optimizing lighting as a countermeasure to sleep and circadian disruption in space flight

Light is being used as a pre-launch countermeasure to circadian and sleep disruption in astronauts. The effect of light on the circadian system is readily monitored by measurement of plasma melatonin. Our group has established an action spectrum for human melatonin regulation and determined the region of 446-477 nm to be the most potent for suppressing plasma melatonin. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 460 and 555 nm for suppressing melatonin using a within-subjects design. Subjects (N=12) were exposed to equal photon densities (7.18 x 10(12) photons/cm2/s) at 460 and 555 nm. Melatonin suppression was significantly stronger at 460 nm (p<0.02). An extension to the action spectrum showed that 420 nm light at 16 and 32 microW/cm2 significantly suppressed melatonin (p<0.04 and p<0.002). These studies will help optimize lighting countermeasures to circadian and sleep disruption during spaceflight.     

Biomedical program of the ALTAIR french russian flight onboard the MIR station

One year after the achievemant of the 2 weeks ANTARES french-russian mission in the MIR station in July 1992, a 22 days ALTAÏR mission with a french cosmonaut has been performed in July 1993, making use of the scientific payload remaining on board. Taking benefit of the analysis of the previous mission, the experimental protocols were adapted to refine scientific objectives and gave to the scientists the opportunity to enhance quantitatively and qualitatively their results. The french biomedical program, conducted in close scientific cooperation with IMBP and associated laboratories, was composed of 8 experiments out of which 2 were new with regards to the ANTARES program. In the field of cardio-vascular physiology and fluid regulation, the experiments: ORTHOSTATISME, DIURESE have been renewed and complemented by the TISSU experiment (proposed by a german scientist) and a real-time tele-assistance program using US echography technic and ground support from the french CADMOS support control center located in Toulouse. With respect to neurosciences objectives, to the experiments VIMINAL (cognitive processes) and ILLUSIONS (study of proprioceptives cues), was added the SYNERGIES experiment to analyse the postural adjustements during movement. The IMMUNOLOGIE experiment carried on and the radiobiological experiment BIODOSE ended.

Adding the results of the 2 missions ANTARES and ALTAÏR, and the data obtained in between onboard with russian cosmonauts, the scientists have received a wealth of physiological data and gained reproducibility and confidence in their results.