9Cr13Ni6Co5Be超硬不锈钢的接触疲劳行为研究

采用推力式接触方式研究了9Cr13Ni6Co5Be钢的接触疲劳性能,获得了不同破坏概率下接触应力与疲劳寿命的关系式,得到了P-S-N曲线。当破坏概率P=0.01,0.05,0.10和0.50时,不同接触应力下的疲劳寿命表达式分别为N=3.0930×1042×S-9.9602、N=2.9196×1039×S-9.0090、N=1.6505×1038×S-8.6133和N=1.0679×1035×S-7.5988,指定疲劳寿命为5×107的疲劳极限分别为S=3112 MPa,3358 MPa,3493 MPa和3950 MPa。     

压紧杆式太阳翼自动化加载设备设计与验证

基于对国内外太阳翼压紧释放机构预紧实施的现状及存在问题的研究,开展设备小型化、轻量化、可视化设计,研制了一种电机驱动拉伸压紧杆的力反馈型自动化加载设备。该设备采用特制的夹紧接口,并利用凸轮原理解决了狭小空间内压紧杆的的夹紧难题;采用拉力传感器和力反馈系统等将太阳翼压紧杆预紧力施加精度控制在5%以内,有效地解决了预紧力加载的精度问题和自动预紧问题。为验证设备性能,开展了预紧力误差分析,设计了一套采用电阻应变片实时测量预紧力的方案,得出设备工作时预紧力的变化情况。试验结果表明,自动化加载设备不受人员技能水平的影响,绝对精度最大值为3.11%,单次加载时间小于1 min。     

Monitoring the state of the human airways by analysis of respiratory sound

A mechanism whereby sound is generated by the motion of vortices in the human lung is described. This mechanism is believed to be responsible for most of the sound which is generated both on inspiration and expiration in normal lungs. Mathematical expressions for the frequencies of sound generated, which depend only upon the axial flow velocity and diameters of the bronchi, are derived. This theory allows the location within the bronchial tree from which particular sounds emanate to be determined. Redistribution of pulmonary blood volume following transition from Earth gravity to the weightless state probably alters the caliber of certain airways and doubtless alters sound transmission properties of the lung. We believe that these changes can be monitored effectively and non-invasively by spectral analysis of pulmonary sound.     

海洋地貌实验测高计（TOPEX）

自SKYLAB—1、GEOS—3和SEASAT—1卫星测高技术开展以来,到目前美国计划的GEOSAT—A,在设备的精度方面相继有了改善,与此同时对设备内部和外部因素的影响有了更深刻的理解。要实现TOPEX 2cm精度的任务,必须加强设计有效性的论证。TOPEX测高计将使用高脉冲速率、脉冲串波形和双频(13.6/5.3GHz)工作,以使高度测量噪声最小和消除电离层偏差。     

陶瓷材料断裂韧性的评定方法

本文评述了陶瓷材料断裂韧性ＫＩｃ的测试方法及其优缺点，并着重分析了应用比较普遍单边切口梁（ＳＥＮＢ）法和显微压痕（ＩＭ）法测ＫＩＣ的影响因素，最后指出这一研究领域存在的问题。     

飞机生存性

海湾战争表明军事作战规则已发生了重大变动。联合国的责任由和平维护者变成了积极的和平制造者，空中力量这些作战计划的重点，而飞机生存性则为重中之重。     

Bone loss during long term space flight is prevented by the application of a short term impulsive mechanical stimulus

In long term space flight, the mechanical forces applied to the skeleton are substantially reduced and are altered in character. This reduced skeletal loading results in a reduction in bone mass. Exercise techniques currently used in space can maintain muscle mass but the mechanical stimulus provided by this exercise does not prevent bone loss. By applying an external impulsive load for a short period each day, which is intended to mimic the heel strike transient, to the lower limb of an astronaut during a long term space flight (5 months), this study tests the hypothesis that the bone cells can be activated by an appropriate external mechanical stimulus to maintain bone mass throughout prolonged periods of weightlessness. A mechanical loading device was developed to produce a loading of the os-calcis similar to that observed during the heel strike transient. The device is activated by the astronaut to provide a transient load to the heel of one leg whilst providing an equivalent exercising load to the other leg. During the EUROMIR95 mission on the MIR space station, an astronaut used this device for a short period daily throughout the duration of the mission. Pre- and post-flight measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) of the os-calcis and femoral neck of the astronaut were made to determine the efficacy of the device in preventing loss of bone mineral during the mission. On the os-calcis which received the mechanical stimulus, BMD was maintained throughout the period of the flight, while it was reduced by up to 7% on the os-calcis which received no stimulus. Post-flight, BMD in both the stimulated and non-stimulated os-calcis reduces, the extent of this reduction however is less in the stimulated os-calcis. For the femoral neck, the mechanical stimulation does not produce a positive effect.     

基于可靠性理论的刚性道面PCN的通报

根据机场水泥混凝土道面板厚度、混凝土抗弯拉强度、混凝土抗弯拉弹性模量以及地基反应模量的概率分布和变异特性建立了PCN显式计算公式。分析了道面结构参数的变异性对PCN的影响，提出了基于可靠性理论的PCN通报方法。