航空经济发展协同创新体系构建研究

郑州航空港经济综合实验区是一个全新的模式,在建设发展过程中,创新是关键。目前,实验区处于基础建设阶段,航空经济发展政产学研协同创新还面临着创新要素不足、效率不高、人才匮乏等问题,为此,做好航空经济发展协同创新体系顶层设计,还需要进一步推进创新要素集聚、打造协同创新生态、夯实协同创新基础、探索高校协同创新路径。     

船舶涡旋流堵漏桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系研究

船舶涡旋流堵漏方法是为克服现有堵漏手段存在的不足而提出的一种新技术思想。在自行设计制作了专门实验装置的基础上,分别利用柔性桨叶和刚性桨叶进行了一系列涡旋流堵漏实验,定量研究了桨叶工作位置对破口进水量的影响规律,进而揭示了桨叶位置与涡旋流形成效果的关系。实验结果发现：当桨叶与破口处于同一高度且距离破口越近时,对降低破口进水量的效果越明显,使用于堵漏的时间可延长300%以上。这一结论可为船舶涡旋流堵漏方法的完善提供必要的理论基础和实验依据。     

耐高温透波气凝胶复合材料性能

针对高马赫数飞行器中恶劣热环境对透波隔热材料的需求,采用溶胶-凝胶方法,以透波型石英纤维为增强体,通过超临界干燥及后处理制备透波二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料;并采用扫描电子显微镜、平板导热仪、石英灯辐射加热及万能电子试验机等手段对材料的微观形貌结构、隔热性能、耐温性及力学性能进行了表征。结果表明:二氧化硅透波气凝胶复合材料有良好的介电性能,介电常数在1.28~1.39可调、损耗角正切≤0.005;耐温性≥1 100℃、室温热导率≤0.02 W/(m·K);具有较好的力学性能,能保证飞行器在恶劣飞行环境中的通讯、遥测、制导等系统的正常工作。     

Analysis of reaction torque-based control of a redundant free-floating space robot

Owing to the dynamics coupling between a free-floating base and a manipulator,the non-stationary base of a space robot will face the issue of base disturbance due to a manipulator's motion.The reaction torque acted on the satellite base's centroid is an important index to measure the satellite base's disturbance.In this paper,a comprehensive analysis of the reaction torque is made,and a novel way to derive the analytical form of the reaction torque is proposed.In addition,the reaction torque null-space is derived,in which the manipulator's joint motion is dynamically decoupled from the motion of the satellite base,and its novel expression demonstrates the equivalence between the reaction torque null-space and the reaction null-space.Furthermore,the reaction torque acted as an optimization index can be utilized to achieve satellite base disturbance minimization in the generalized Jacobian-based end-effector Cartesian path tracking task.Besides,supposing that the redundant degrees of freedom are abundant to achieve reaction torque-based active control,the reaction torque can be used to realize satellite base attitude control,that is,base attitude adjustment or maintenance.Moreover,because reaction torque-based control is a second-order control scheme,joint torque minimization can be regarded as the optimization task in reaction torque-based active or in-active control.A real-time simulation system of a 7-DOF space robot under Linux/RTAI is developed to verify and test the feasibility and reliability of the proposed ideas.Our extensive empirical results demonstrate that the corresponding analysis about the reaction torque is correct and the proposed methods are feasible.     

Blade bowing effects on radial equilibrium of inlet flow in axial compressor cascades

The circumferentially averaged equation of the inlet flow radial equilibrium in axial compressor was deduced.It indicates that the blade inlet radial pressure gradient is closely related to the radial component of the circumferential fluctuation (CF) source item.Several simplified cascades with/without aerodynamic loading were numerically studied to investigate the effects of blade bowing on the inlet flow radial equilibrium.A data reduction program was conducted to obtain the CF source from three-dimensional (3D) simulation results.Flow parameters at the passage inlet were focused on and each term in the radial equilibrium equation was discussed quantitatively.Results indicate that the inviscid blade force is the inducement of the inlet CF due to geometrical asymmetry.Blade bowing induces variation of the inlet CF,thus changes the radial pressure gradient and leads to flow migration before leading edge (LE) in the cascades.Positive bowing drives the inlet flow to migrate from end walls to mid-span and negative bowing turns it to the reverse direction to build a new equilibrium.In addition,comparative studies indicate that the inlet Mach number and blade loading can efficiently impact the effectiveness of blade bowing on radial equilibrium in compressor design.     

一种基于编队的航空自组网混合式路由协议设计

航空自组网(AANET)是移动Ad Hoc网络(MANET)在航空通信领域的应用,具有快速、灵活组网及自组织、自我修复等优点。针对表驱动及按需路由协议用于航空自组网的缺陷,且考虑到航空节点大多存在编队飞行的特点,提出一种新的基于编队的混合式路由协议,并于QualNet仿真平台实现。结果表明,该协议在减少路由条目数量,降低路由开销上有明显优势。     

激波诱导矢量喷管动态数值模拟

对一二元收扩激波诱导矢量喷管进行了二维动态数值模拟,研究了不同落压比、不同次流加速时间下,喷管气动特性和流场结构随次流增加的变化规律。结果表明:喷管在过膨胀状态下,次流流量达到一定值时,其推力会有较强的振荡;在完全膨胀和欠膨胀状态下,振荡较小。其原因是,次流增加过程中,喷管出口附近有复杂波系存在和回流产生,而回流对提高推力和增加矢量角有益。     

基于Fuzzy ARTMAP的GPS/INS组合导航系统故障诊断

将基于双状态传播器的状态χ2检验法(SCST)结合Fuzzy ARTMAP神经网络应用于GPS/INS紧组合导航系统故障的诊断和参数识别。首先,采用双状态传播器的状态χ2检验法对组合导航系统进行故障检测,得到故障的特征模式,并给出了双状态传播器重置时间间隔选择的充分条件;然后,利用Fuzzy ARTMAP神经网络结合特定的飞行器机动对故障模式进行分类,给出了一种新的分类方法;对于飞行器按照不同轨迹进行飞行的情况,也可有效的识别故障源。最后将分类的结果送入另一个Fuzzy ARTMAP神经网络进行故障参数的估计。仿真结果表明,针对组合导航系统中陀螺、加速度计、GPS信号的一度故障,此方法能有效进行检测和隔离,并能准确估计出故障发生时间和故障幅值。     

基于遗传算法的高超声速曲面压缩进气道反设计

结合计算流体力学和遗传算法,建立了一种高超声速曲面压缩进气道的反设计方法。根据压力分布反设计了压缩型面。结果表明,该曲面压力分布与目标压力分布符合良好,从而验证了反设计方法的正确性。采用此反设计方法,设计了某高超声速曲面压缩进气道,并和等熵压缩二维进气道进行了比较。研究发现,在其它性能参数几乎相等情况下,曲面压缩进气道总压恢复较等熵压缩基准进气道提高9.7%,长度缩短5.6%。吞入23mm前体附面层后,基准进气道不起动,而曲面压缩进气道总压恢复系数仅下降5.4%,表现出良好的吞附面层能力。