基于析取关系直接变换的冲突解脱方法

针对自由飞行条件下的飞行冲突解脱问题,提出了一种基于析取关系直接变换的联立求解方法(DDTSA)。首先在不引入额外辅助变量的情况下,将基于析取关系的安全边界条件变换成易于联立求解的约束条件,使问题的变量和方程个数大幅度减少,从而降低问题的求解难度。然后为保证求解的精度和稳定性,采用基于Radau配置点的拉格朗日插值多项式对微分代数方程组进行离散化处理,继而求解离散化得到的非线性规划问题。最后分别对2架、3架以及4架飞机的冲突解脱问题进行仿真,仿真结果表明与相关文献中的方法相比,该方法具有更高的计算效率并且能够得到更优的结果。     

双轴发动机特性计算的收敛

本文提出了符合发动机物理模型的多变量非线性方程组的降阶处理方法,与其它各项措施相配合,可以使双轴涡喷、涡扇发动机在任何飞行状态和任何油门位置下的稳态特性计算以及在任何飞行条件下从慢车到最大状态的加速过程计算都能获得比较满意的结果。      

一种多通道电子负载器的设计

电子负载器在航天领域内有着广泛的应用,但是不同的电源设备对电子负载器的功能有着不同的要求。介绍了一种航天领域使用的多通道电子负载器,分别从设备电源、负载电路及电流显示和风扇控制三个部分进行了详细说明。经过系统调试与测试,该负载器运行稳定可靠,能够长时间运行,完全满足了航天器的需求。     

Bacterial growth at the high concentrations of magnesium sulfate found in martian soils

The martian surface environment exhibits extremes of salinity, temperature, desiccation, and radiation that would make it difficult for terrestrial microbes to survive. Recent evidence suggests that martian soils contain high concentrations of MgSO? minerals. Through warming of the soils, meltwater derived from subterranean ice-rich regolith may exist for an extended period of time and thus allow the propagation of terrestrial microbes and create significant bioburden at the near surface of Mars. The current report demonstrates that halotolerant bacteria from the Great Salt Plains (GSP) of Oklahoma are capable of growing at high concentrations of MgSO? in the form of 2 M solutions of epsomite. The epsotolerance of isolates in the GSP bacterial collection was determined, with 35% growing at 2 M MgSO?. There was a complex physiological response to mixtures of MgSO? and NaCl coupled with other environmental stressors. Growth also was measured at 1 M concentrations of other magnesium and sulfate salts. The complex responses may be partially explained by the pattern of chaotropicity observed for high-salt solutions as measured by agar gelation temperature. Select isolates could grow at the high salt concentrations and low temperatures found on Mars. Survival during repetitive freeze-thaw or drying-rewetting cycles was used as other measures of potential success on the martian surface. Our results indicate that terrestrial microbes might survive under the high-salt, low-temperature, anaerobic conditions on Mars and present significant potential for forward contamination. Stringent planetary protection requirements are needed for future life-detection missions to Mars.     

采用差尾控制策略的某型机横滚操纵性

某型战机所采用的气动布局使得其横侧安定性较大,与同代其他现役飞机相比横滚操纵性能较差,飞行员在做横滚机动动作时飞机掉高度现象明显。分析了其在低速和高速飞行时横滚机动性能差的原因,研究了增加差动平尾控制提高横滚操纵性的问题。建立了采用差动平尾后飞机稳定横滚的数学模型,并通过定量分析计算说明了增加差动平尾控制,可以使该型战机的横滚机动性能提高近30%,而不会削弱其安定性。     

Subsurface filamentous fabrics: an evaluation of origins based on morphological and geochemical criteria, with implications for exopaleontology

The fossil record of the subsurface biosphere is sparse. Results obtained on subsurface filamentous fabrics (SFF) from >225 paleosubsurface sites in volcanics, oxidized ores, and paleokarst of subrecent to Proterozoic age are presented. SFF are mineral encrustations on filamentous or fibrous substrates that formed in subsurface environments. SFF occur in association with low-temperature aqueous mineral assemblages and consist of tubular, micron-thick (median 1.6 micron) filaments in high spatial density, which occur as irregular masses, matted fabrics, and vertically draped features that resemble stalactites. Micron-sized filamentous centers rule out a stalactitic origin. Morphometric analysis of SFF filamentous forms demonstrates that their shape more closely resembles microbial filaments than fibrous minerals. Abiogenic filament-like forms are considered unlikely precursors of most SFF, because abiogenic forms differ in the distribution of widths and have a lower degree of curvature and a lower number of direction changes. Elemental analyses of SFF show depletion in immobile elements (e.g., Al, Th) and a systematic enrichment in As and Sb, which demonstrates a relation to environments with high flows of water. Sulfur isotopic analyses are consistent with a biological origin of a SFF sample from a Mississippi Valley-Type deposit, which is consistent with data in the literature. Fe isotopes in SFF and active analogue systems, however, allow no discrimination between biogenic and abiogenic origins. The origin of most SFF is explained as permineralized remains of microbial filaments that possibly record rapid growth during phases of high water flow that released chemical energy. It is possible that some SFF formed due to encrustation of mineral fibers. SFF share similarities with Microcodium from soil environments. SFF are a logical target in the search for past life on Mars. The macroscopic nature of many SFF allows for their relatively easy in situ recognition and targeting for more detailed microstructural and geochemical analysis.     

With a grain of salt: what halite has to offer to discussions on the origin of life

This experimental study investigated how the dynamics of the crystallization of the evaporite mineral halite could affect the accumulation and preservation of organic macromolecules present in the crystallizing solution. Halite was grown under controlled conditions in the presence of polymer nanoparticles that acted as an analog to protocellular material. Optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy were used to trace the localization of the nanoparticles during and after growth of halite crystals. The present study revealed that the organic nanoparticles were not regularly incorporated within the halite, but were very concentrated on its surfaces. Their distribution was controlled dominantly by the morphologic surface features of the mineral rather than by specific molecular interactions with an atomic plane of the mineral. This means that the distribution of organic molecules was controlled by surfaces like those of halite's evaporitic growth forms. The experiments with halite also demonstrated that a mineral need not continuously incorporate organic molecules during its crystallization to preserve those molecules: After rejection by (non-incorporation into) the crystallizing halite, the organic nanoparticles increased in concentration in the evaporating brine. They ultimately either adsorbed in rectilinear patterns onto the hopper-enhanced surfaces and along discontinuities within the crystals, or they were encapsulated within fluid inclusions. Of additional importance in origin-of-life considerations is the fact that halite in the natural environment rapidly can change its role from that of a protective repository (in the absence of water) to that of a source of organic particles (as soon as water is present) when the mineral dissolves.     

分步固化工艺对中温材料体系天线罩性能的影响

为探讨分步固化工艺对某中温材料体系天线罩性能的影响,本文对SW-280A/环氧树脂预浸料、FM73M胶膜和Nomex纸蜂窝组成的中温材料体系层压板及蜂窝夹层结构试样多次固化后的力学性能及电性能进行了研究。结果表明:经一次、二次、三次、四次及五次固化后,力学性能及电性能变化幅度不大,无明显的下降趋势,说明多次固化未对该中温材料体系的力学性能及电性能造成影响。材料体系天线罩的制造可以采用分步固化工艺,分步固化工艺对其力学和电性能不会产生影响。     

无线传感器网络的低功耗研究

在野外等一些环境下的无线数据采集系统中,由于地理环境恶劣、节点数量多等原因很难更换电源电池,因此有效地降低系统各层的功耗、提高系统的生命周期尤为重要.文中在论述传感器节点结构的基础上,分析如何对传感器节点的动态电压调度、MCU能量消耗控制、动态功率管理、收发模块节能等硬件电路以及对MAC层、网络层的软件协议降低系统耗能.     

提高HDL综合质量的探讨

提出了EDA工具QuartusⅡ和LeonardoSpeetrum组合方式在Altera公司CPLD器件开发中的应用．解决了目前集成电路设计的复杂和门级电路不易管理的一些问题。同时给出了可编程逻辑器件的开发流程以及在设计思路和语言使用上来简化、优化电路设计以提高HDL综合质量的几点探讨。