热暴露对B/Al复合材料性能的影响

对经300℃、500℃高温热暴露的B／Al（LF6）复合材料的力学性能进行了研究，实验结果表明材料在300℃下热暴露时，性能下降速度较慢，100h后强度保留率约为76％，延伸率保留率为74％。而在500℃下热暴露时，5h以上强度就有明显降低。高温长时间热暴露后复合材料的断裂也从积累型转变为典型的非累积型断裂。通过透射电镜（TEM）及扫描电镜（SEM）对固态热压制造态和主温热暴露的界面状况进行了分析，认为界面反应是造成B／Al复合材料力学性能下降的主要原因。     

BOM多视图映射技术

提出了BOM多视图的概念,介绍了BOM多视图映射技术,给出并分析了BOM多视图映射的数据流程图,实现了BOM多视图数据之间的数据映射。     

基于CFD技术的鼻腔输药的流动特性研究

鼻腔输药作为一种新颖的输药方式,具有方便可靠的特点,不仅可以适用于局部而且适用于全身用药,已经受到广泛的重视。但由于人类的呼吸道复杂的立体结构使得鼻腔输药成为生物医药研究的一个长期的挑战。利用CFD(计算流体动力学,Computational Fluid Dynamics)技术对鼻腔输药的流动特性进行研究,对一个基于真实的人类鼻腔解剖的3D模型的输药的流动过程进行了分析,着重研究了不同的药物颗粒的流动和沉淀特性。利用CFD的商用软件FLUENT在层流情况下对不同的密度、直径和流动速率的药物颗粒在鼻腔中流动进行了数值模拟,并对计算结果进行了比较分析。CFD研究的结果为鼻腔输药这种新颖的药物输送方式的优化设计提供了依据。     

大量程纳米分辨率超精密测径仪

提出了一种新型可以测量孔和轴直径的超精密测量仪，该超精密测径仪主要由炫耀光栅和气浮导轨及红宝石探头组成，采用接触式绝对测量方法。介绍了环境温度的控制和减小环境振动的手段，以保证测量的精度和重复性。这种新型测径系统分辨率可以达到1nm,量程范围可达 0～100mm。     

Probing the era of galaxy formation via TeV gamma ray absorption by the near infrared extragalactic background

We present models of the extragalactic background light (EBL) based on several scenarios of galaxy formation and evolution. We have treated galaxy formation with the Press-Schecter approximation for both cold dark matter (CDM) and cold+hot dark matter (CHDM) models, representing a moderate (z _f 3) and a late (z _f 1) era of galaxy formation respectively. Galaxy evolution has been treated by considering a variety of stellar types, different initial mass functions and star formation histories, and with an accounting of dust absorption and emission. We find that the dominant factor influencing the EBL is the epoch of galaxy formation. A recently proposed method for observing the EBL utilizing the absorption of 0.1 to 10 TeV gamma-rays from active galactic nuclei (AGN) is shown to be capable of discriminating between different galaxy formation epochs. The one AGN viewed in TeV light, Mrk 421, does show some evidence for a cutoff above 3 TeV; based on the EBL models presented here, we suggest that this is due to extinction in the source. The large absorption predicted at energies > 200 GeV for sources at z > 0.5 indicates that observations of TeV gamma-ray bursts (GRB) would constrain or eliminate models in which the GRB sources lie at cosmological distances.Now at University of Chicago, Dept. of Astronomy & Astrophysics.     

低采样率下对高频信号的识别方法

一、问题的提出 对于航空涡喷发动机等旋转机械,其叶片振动信号的提取已由接触式发展到非接触式。转子每转一周,每个叶片经过探头位置一次,产生一次采样。所以探头对单个叶片信号的平均采样率等于转子的运转速率。而根据采样定理,截止频率(Nyguist频率)f_c为采样频率f_s的一半(f_c=f_s/2)。     

Discrete-time observability and estimability analysis for bearings-only target motion analysis

Observability in the context of bearings-only tracking (BOT) is still the subject of important literature. Different from previous approaches, where continuous-time analysis was considered, our approach relies on discrete-time analysis. It is then shown that this allows us to use directly and efficiently the simple formalisms of linear algebra. Using the direct approach, observability analysis is essentially reduced to basic considerations about subspace dimensions. Even if this approach is conceptually quite direct, it becomes more and more complex as the source-encounter scenario complexity increases. For complex scenarios, the dual approach may present some advantages essentially due to the direct use of multilinear algebra. New results about BOT observability for maneuvering sources are thus obtained. Observability analysis is then extended to unknown instants of source velocity changes. Even if observability analysis provides thorough insights about the algebraic structure of the BOT problem, the optimization of the observer maneuvers is essentially a control problem. Basic algebraic considerations prove that a relevant cost functional for this control problem is the determinant of the Fisher information matrix (FIM). So, a large part of this work is devoted to the analysis of this cost functional. Using multilinear algebra, general approximations of this functional are given. In order to involve only directly estimable parameters, the source bearing-rates are examined. Using these approximations, a general framework for optimizing the observer trajectory is derived which allow us to approximate the optimal sequence of controls. It is worth stressing that our approach does not require the knowledge of the source trajectory parameters and is still valid for a maneuvering source.     

激波与旋涡对干扰研究:激波动力学特性及声波产生机理

采用五阶WENO格式,通过数值求解二维非定常Navier-Stokes方程,系统模拟了激波与旋涡对的干扰过程.我们研究了强度为1.05和1.2两个典型的激波同不同强度的旋涡对的干扰过程.根据激波动力学特性,我们把激波与掠过型旋涡对干扰分成四类,而碰撞型干扰分成七种不同的类型.研究表明,激波与旋涡对干扰过程中,声波产生有三种机制,激波与涡对的干扰,涡对之间的耦合以及激波与声波的干扰.     

导流板加涡流器对进气道性能影响

进气道进口导流板(简称导流板)已在航空上得到应用。文献对其机理作了实验研究,表明导流板可有效地改善进气道在大攻角下的出口流场品质,但在小攻角时却使进气道的性能有所下降。为弥补此缺陷,可再采取一定的措施,如安装金属涡流器,改善小攻角下的性能,就对导流板技术的应用增添了价值。     

Phase Space Density Analysis of Energy Transport in the Earth’s Magnetotail

Two energetic events in the Earth’s magnetotail detected by Geotail are examined with detailed analysis of three-dimensional velocity phase space density. It is found that the occurrence of multiple ion components is high during these dynamic episodes. Different populations evolve independently of each other, suggesting particles from multiple activity sites contributing to the observed phase space density. The transport properties with consideration of multiple components are evaluated, with the result showing significant differences from those based on a single fluid approach. This comparison indicates that precise evaluation of the energy and magnetic flux transport of energetic events in the magnetotail requires resolving individual populations in the phase space density.