Scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first Mars exploration mission

This paper describes the scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first exploration mission to Mars. An orbiter, carrying a lander and a rover, lifted-off in July 2020 for a journey to Mars where it should arrive in February 2021. A suite of 13 scientific payloads, for in-situ and remote sensing, autonomously commanded by integrated payload controllers and mounted on the orbiter and the rover will study the magnetosphere and ionosphere of Mars and the relation with the solar wind, the atmosphere, surface and subsurface of the planet, looking at the topography, composition and structure and in particular for subsurface ice. The mission will also investigate Mars climate history. It is expected that Tianwen-1 will contribute significantly to advance our scientific knowledge of Mars.     

纳米材料提高碳/环氧复合材料抗紫外辐照性能研究

随着对长寿命、高可靠卫星的需求增加,中国卫星上常用的碳/环氧复合材料的抗空间紫外辐照性能研究极为迫切。利用强吸收紫外辐照的纳米材料来改善复合材料结构抗空间紫外辐照能力是提高卫星可靠性、延长寿命的有效途径。通过环境模拟实验取得了初步结果。     

Organizing space cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region

The time for regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region is now ripe. Steps have been taken towards this via a workshop sponsored by China - previously wary of cooperation but now seeming to acknowledge that, along with interested countries, it could contribute more to space in the region. The author examines areas of shared interest over which parties might collaborate and the best way to achieve this: a gradual approach emulating the development (but not the present configuration) of ESA is recommended. Finally, he examines the legal framework within which cooperation might function, using a liaison committee to formulate and coordiante proposals. Action must be taken now if the region is not to fall behind in the development of space technologies.     

打造雄鹰的“禽爪”——从T-38看教练机的研制与选择

回顾了对美国空军现役T-38高级教练机的研制思路,总结了美国空军选择和使用T-38的原则和方法,提出了教练机研发需要考虑的多项问题.     

相位自动跟踪检测系统

介绍一种适用于自动化的相位跟踪检测系统。该系统采用新的相位测量方法——平均相位角法,消除了过零触发电路中固有的直流电平带来的相位偏移引起的相位测量误差。同时,设计了新颖的用于自动测量的相对计数时间/频率转换电路,在激光干涉比长仪1m行程内实时检测相位变化,保证了激光干涉比长仪的测量精度,提高了自动化程度。     

改进PASTd算法在大型自适应阵中的应用

矩阵特征分解算法中紧缩近似投影子空间跟踪(PASTd)算法在自适应阵波束形成中得到了广泛应用.在对其仿真中发现仅在信噪比较低时该算法才能得到较好的结果.针对这一缺陷,正交近似投影子空间跟踪(OPAST)算法被引伸到PASTd中.改进算法可在不知道信号维数的情况下估算信号的特征向量与特征值,并保证特征向量的正交性,因此具有更好的收敛性能,而算法复杂度基本不变.改进算法与多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法相结合应用于大型自适应阵,可对主瓣及其附近区域的干扰进行抑制,并大大降低MUSIC算法的计算量,对其干扰零点的形成有很强实用价值.     

An extrapolation approach for aeroengine’s transient control law design

Transient control law ensures that the aeroengine transits to the command operating state rapidly and reliably. Most of the existing approaches for transient control law design have complicated principle and arithmetic. As a result, those approaches are not convenient for application. This paper proposes an extrapolation approach based on the set-point parameters to construct the transient control law, which has a good practicability. In this approach, the transient main fuel control law for acceleration and deceleration process is designed based on the main fuel flow on steady operating state. In order to analyze the designing feature of the extrapolation approach, the simulation results of several different transient control laws designed by the same approach are compared together. The analysis indicates that the aeroengine has a good performance in the transient process and the designing feature of the extrapolation approach conforms to the elements of the turbofan aeroengine.     

最佳传力特性的偏置曲柄滑块机构解析法设计

本文根据偏置曲柄滑块机构的运动特性和传力特性所建立的函数关系,运用极值理论推导出给定条件下传力特性最佳的计算公式,大大方便了设计应用,值得推广。     

LC4CS铝合金裂纹尖端腐蚀行为的实验研究

ＬＣ４ＣＳ铝合金是极为重要的航空材料,为评定其使用年限,在测定铝合金腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展速率时,需要弄清纹尖端金属的腐蚀电化学行为。在腐蚀环境中裂纹尖端由于不断露新鲜金属,因而将具有类似于双金属腐蚀时的电偶效应。为此,文中设计了一种新颖的缺口试样,再现裂纹尖端的真实状态,并在３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液测定剪切口断裂后,裸露出的新鲜金属在耦合前后腐蚀电位的变化,以及裸露面积,ＮａＣｌ溶液的ｐＨ值与电偶电流的     

纯模态试验中的作动器/传感器优化配置

基于有效独立法,研究了逐步消减法在纯模态试验作动器/传感器优化配置中的应用。对一给定自由度的结构系统,由系统的模态动能可得系统的F isher信息阵。在优化过程中,根据F isher信息阵可得到各自由度节点所对应的E fI值,由E fI值的大小来确定每次要删除的作动器/传感器。在逐步消减的过程中,把E fI的值表示为一个矩阵的形式,使得优化过程清晰明了,提高了优化效率。最后,通过对一个20自由度的离散悬臂梁的激振器布设进行优化,验证了本文方法的有效性。