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111.
Hongping Zhang Peiliang Xu Wenhui Han Maorong Ge Chuang Shi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC. 相似文献
112.
全球尺度高时空分辨率海面风场探测是当前全球气象研究及预报预测领域的关注热点之一,传统海面风场探测技术存在测量区域有限,且受天气环境限制明显等问题.基于全球导航卫星系统-反射(GNSS-R)测量技术风速反演原理,以捕风一号1级数据产品为输入,欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析风速数据为参考风速,采用地球物理模型函数(GMF)方法... 相似文献
113.
本文通过修正普通四边形单元的横向剪切应变能而得到了一种新的四边形四节点壳单元(本文称之为L_3单元)。该单元每个节点有五个自由度,适用于各向同性、正交异性和层合板壳的线性、非线性及稳定性有限元分析。文中给出了各种类型板壳结构的算例。数值结果表明,该单元不仅公式简单、自由度少,而且具有令人满意的精度和收敛特性。 相似文献
114.
Topology optimization was developed as an advanced structural design methodology to generate innovative lightweight and high-performance configurations that are difficult to obtain with conventional ideas. Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing technique building as-designed structures via layer-by-layer joining material, providing an alternative pattern for complex components. The integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing can make the most of their advantages and potentials, and has wide application prospects in modern manufacturing. This article reviews the main content and applications of the research on the integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing in recent years, including multi-scale or hierarchical structural optimization design and topology optimization considering additive manufacturing constraints. Meanwhile, some challenges of structural design approaches for additive manufacturing are discussed, such as the performance characterization and scale effects of additively manufactured lattice structures, the anisotropy and fatigue performance of additively manufactured material, and additively manufactured functionally graded material issues, etc. It is shown that in the research of topology optimization for additive manufacturing, the integration of material, structure, process and performance is important to pursue high-performance, multi-functional and lightweight production. This article provides a reference for further related research and aerospace applications. 相似文献
115.
随着我国经济的高速发展,生态问题日渐凸显.通过技术创新处理好经济发展和生态效益的关系成为实现绿色发展的内在要求.本文利用94家创业板制造业上市公司2014-2017年的数据,采用广义最小二乘法对绿色技术创新、研发投入强度与企业成长绩效之间的关系进行实证分析,探讨了绿色技术创新对企业成长绩效的直接影响,并对研发投入强度的... 相似文献
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本文通过具体例题,阐述了双向弯曲变形构件中危险截面的判定方法,论证了合成弯矩大的截面不一定是危险截面的结论。 相似文献
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120.
多向编织碳/碳复合材料的强度与断裂 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
本文研究了细编穿刺三向C/C复合材料的拉压特性,分析相应的微观破坏模式,实测了C/C复合材料中Z向纤维束力学性能的统计分布规律。结果表彰:细编穿刺三向C/C复合材料在拉伸和压缩载荷作用下具有双模量和呈现非线性。Z向强度受穿刺纤维束纤维根数和间距控制,用最弱环连接理论考虑Z向纤维强度的统计分布,预报σ-ε关系与实验符合较好。XY向强度由碳布强度贡献,其破坏主要是碳布层间的拉剪断裂。 相似文献