航空发动机小孔特种加工技术

航空发动机是技术密集、结构复杂的热力机械,是军用飞机和民用客机的主要动力.随着飞机各项性能的不断提高,对航空发动机也提出了更高的要求,各种新结构、新材料和复杂形状的精密零部件大量应用于航空发动机中,显著增加了航空发动机的制造难度.     

测量船通信网络自检测方法

针对测量船通信网络由2层帧方式交换升级为3层包交换方式后无法使用上星自环检测方式实现自检测的问题,在分析通信网络自检测模式下的链路特性的基础上,提出基于组播报文实现自检测的构想。设计利用组播洪泛特性实现报文环回的网络拓扑结构以及实现检测与对比报文的硬件设备,阐述检测软件发送、接收、处理报文的流程,实现了网络通断、时延及丢包率的自检测,并通过模拟检测实验证明了设计方案是切实可行的。     

引信液体储备电池双环境力模拟装置仿真研究

液体储备电池双环境力模拟装置主要用于模拟引信液体储备电池在炮弹发射时后坐与旋转双环境力。其关键的技术是安装引信电池的弹丸碰撞到高速旋转的木制冲击垫上,其瞬态冲击过程参数和弹丸转到额定转速所需要的时间是否符合引信电池的测试条件。因此进行弹丸冲击瞬态过程的仿真,研究在不同的弹丸炮口速度下,弹丸冲击过载和脉冲持续时间的变化规律、不同的冲击垫厚度下弹丸冲击过载和脉冲持续时间的变化规律、以及冲击垫带转弹丸到稳定转速的上升时间对模拟装置参数确定和优化都具有指导意义。     

多元高温合金固溶极限预测

综合考虑了溶质元素与基体元素的原子半径、电负性以及外层电子数的立方根对溶质元素固溶度的影响，推导出二元合金的固溶度定量方程，提出了多元高温合金固溶极限曲线的预测新方法，并将其应用于计算镍基和钴基三元合金相图的γ／（γ＋σ）相界和γ（γ＋μ）相界。结果表明，计算的固溶极限曲线与已知相图的固溶极限曲线较吻合，与Ｍｄ值法计算的相界比较，该方法具有较高的精度。     

Aeroelastic analysis of a shipboard helicopter rotor with ship motions during engagement and disengagement operations

An aeroelastic simulation of a shipboard helicopter rotor with ship motions during engagement and disengagement operations is investigated to explore the coupled dynamic behavior between the rotor and the ship. A finite element analysis based on a moderate deflection beam model is employed to capture the flap, lag and torsion deflections of the rotor blade. The ship is treated as a six-degree-of-freedom rigid body. By using the Hamilton?s principle, system equations of motion are derived based on the generalized force formulation. The responses agree well with the test data of the rotor blade droop stop impact and the transient aeroelastic response of the shipboard teetering model rotor. Parametric investigations illustrate that the ship pitch motion has significant influence on the maximum negative displacement of the blade tip. Additional over 25% increase of the tip deflection can be introduced by the ship pitch motion. The aerodynamic and inertial couplings between the ship motion and the rotor have significantly nonlinear influence on the transient aeroelastic response. Both terms should be taken into account in the coupled helicopter–ship dynamics model.     

M/G/1排队系统性能梯度估计的非标准分析法

如何估计系统性能梯度是离散事件动态系统研究中的一个重要问题.系统性能对于概率参数的梯度无法用传统的摄动分析法来估计,我们从非标准分析的角度提出了一种基于Dirac δ函数的摄动分析算法,分析了相应估计量的强相合性和渐近无偏性.新算法在实现过程中需要用样条函数来近似δ函数,但可以同时估计M/G/1排队系统中顾客期望系统时间和忙期期望长度对概率参数的梯度.数值实验结果表明估计量的相对误差和无偏性检验值都比较小,新算法能够很好地估计M/G/1排队系统的性能梯度.     

基于BP神经网络的GNSS-R海面风速反演

针对GNSS-R进行海面风速反演过程中时频域相关物理量较多，数据耦合性强等问题，提出了基于反向传播（BP）神经网络反演海面风速的方法。建立反演过程中相关观测量与风速的对应关系，选取多观测量作为输入，对输入数据进行处理，设置神经元与激励函数，使用BP神经网络自适应调整拟合参数，将风速作为神经网络输出端的特征量提取。反演结果，风速≤ 20 m/s时，反演均方根误差RMSE=1.21 m/s，风速>20 m/s时反演均方根误差RMSE=2.54 m/s，反演结果优于使用时延相关曲线前沿斜率（LES）和时延多普勒相关功率均值（DDMA）方法得到的反演结果，且迭代次数较少，复杂度较低，证明该方法可以应用于GNSS-R海面风速反演。     

2012–2014 China's Earth Observation and Earth Science Development

Human beings are now facing global and regional sustainable development challenges.In China, Earth observation data play a fundamental role in Earth system science research. The support given by Earth observation data is required by many studies, including those on Earth's limited natural resources, the rapid development of economic and social needs, global change, extreme events, food security, water resources, sustainable economic and urban development, and emergency response. Application operation systems in many ministries and departments in China have entered a stage of sustainable development, and the State Key Project of High-Resolution Earth Observation Systems has been progressing since 2006. Earth observation technology in China has entered a period of rapid development.     

Silver Film Growth on Glass Ceramic by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering

Thin silver films are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on glass ceramic at room temperature.Variations of sputtering power,bios voltage and power density are carried out for each deposition,then parts of as-deposited samples are subjected to annealing at 600 ℃ within a vacuum chamber.Structural properties are studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM).It is shown that structural properties have a strong dependency on sputtering power and annealing temperature.Electrical contact resistance measured by a four point probe instrument is directly affected by the thickness of films.It is also found that the film conductivity,especially in thinner films,is improved by the increasing grain size.Finally,the film adhesion is observed by scratch tests.And the adhesive ability deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering shows a better performance than that produced by traditional methods.     

Fringe fitting and group delay determination for geodetic VLBI observations of DOR tones

Extracting the group and phase delays of interferometric observations produced in the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) measurement concept requires a special fringe fitting and delay search algorithm for the recorded bandwidth. While fringe fitting is in use routinely for several megahertz wide channels in geodetic and astrometric VLBI with quasar observations, fringe fitting for artificial tones of very small bandwidth of artificial signals for Differential One-way Ranging (DOR) requires a different way of handling. In a project called Observing the Chang’E-3 Lander with VLBI (OCEL), the DOR tones emitted by the Chang’E-3 lander were observed in a standard geodetic VLBI mode with 8 or 4?MHz wide channels to maintain compatibility with the corresponding quasar observations. For these observations, we modified the existing fringe fitting program of the Haystack Observatory Processing Software (HOPS), fourfit, to properly handle narrow band DOR tones. The main motivations are that through this modification, the data of quasars and artificial radio sources can be processed in the existing geodetic analysis pipeline, and that the algorithm can be used for similar projects as well. In this paper, we describe the algorithm and show that the new algorithm produces much more reliable group delay results than using the standard fourfit algorithm. This is done by a simulation test and in particular by processing of real observations. It is shown that in many cases, systematic deviations of several nanoseconds, which are seen with the standard fourfit algorithm, can be avoided. The ultimate benefit of the new procedure is demonstrated by reducing the errors in delay triangle closures by at least a factor of 3, which, in the OCEL case, is from ～300 to ～100?ps.