排序方式: 共有39条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
31.
Panning Mark P. Lognonné Philippe Bruce Banerdt W. Garcia Raphaël Golombek Matthew Kedar Sharon Knapmeyer-Endrun Brigitte Mocquet Antoine Teanby Nick A. Tromp Jeroen Weber Renee Beucler Eric Blanchette-Guertin Jean-Francois Bozdağ Ebru Drilleau Mélanie Gudkova Tamara Hempel Stefanie Khan Amir Lekić Vedran Murdoch Naomi Plesa Ana-Catalina Rivoldini Atillio Schmerr Nicholas Ruan Youyi Verhoeven Olivier Gao Chao Christensen Ulrich Clinton John Dehant Veronique Giardini Domenico Mimoun David Thomas Pike W. Smrekar Sue Wieczorek Mark Knapmeyer Martin Wookey James 《Space Science Reviews》2017,211(1-4):611-650
Space Science Reviews - The InSight lander will deliver geophysical instruments to Mars in 2018, including seismometers installed directly on the surface (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure,... 相似文献
32.
The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) on the New Horizons Mission
Ralph L. McNutt Jr. Stefano A. Livi Reid S. Gurnee Matthew E. Hill Kim A. Cooper G. Bruce Andrews Edwin P. Keath Stamatios M. Krimigis Donald G. Mitchell Barry Tossman Fran Bagenal John D. Boldt Walter Bradley William S. Devereux George C. Ho Stephen E. Jaskulek Thomas W. LeFevere Horace Malcom Geoffrey A. Marcus John R. Hayes G. Ty Moore Nikolaos P. Paschalidis Mark E. Perry Bruce D. Williams Paul Wilson IV Lawrence E. Brown Martha B. Kusterer Jon D. Vandegriff 《Space Science Reviews》2009,145(3-4):381-381
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Brigitte Knapmeyer-Endrun Matthew P. Golombek Matthias Ohrnberger 《Space Science Reviews》2017,211(1-4):339-382
The SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure) instrument onboard the InSight mission will be the first seismometer directly deployed on the surface of Mars. From studies on the Earth and the Moon, it is well known that site amplification in low-velocity sediments on top of more competent rocks has a strong influence on seismic signals, but can also be used to constrain the subsurface structure. Here we simulate ambient vibration wavefields in a model of the shallow sub-surface at the InSight landing site in Elysium Planitia and demonstrate how the high-frequency Rayleigh wave ellipticity can be extracted from these data and inverted for shallow structure. We find that, depending on model parameters, higher mode ellipticity information can be extracted from single-station data, which significantly reduces uncertainties in inversion. Though the data are most sensitive to properties of the upper-most layer and show a strong trade-off between layer depth and velocity, it is possible to estimate the velocity and thickness of the sub-regolith layer by using reasonable constraints on regolith properties. Model parameters are best constrained if either higher mode data can be used or additional constraints on regolith properties from seismic analysis of the hammer strokes of InSight’s heat flow probe HP3 are available. In addition, the Rayleigh wave ellipticity can distinguish between models with a constant regolith velocity and models with a velocity increase in the regolith, information which is difficult to obtain otherwise. 相似文献
34.
Paul R. Mahaffy Mehdi Benna Todd King Daniel N. Harpold Robert Arvey Michael Barciniak Mirl Bendt Daniel Carrigan Therese Errigo Vincent Holmes Christopher S. Johnson James Kellogg Patrick Kimvilakani Matthew Lefavor Jerome Hengemihle Ferzan Jaeger Eric Lyness John Maurer Anthony Melak Felix Noreiga Marvin Noriega Kiran Patel Benito Prats Eric Raaen Florence Tan Edwin Weidner Cynthia Gundersen Steven Battel Bruce P. Block Ken Arnett Ryan Miller Curt Cooper Charles Edmonson J. Thomas Nolan 《Space Science Reviews》2015,196(1-4):49-77
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Nathaniel E. Putzig Gareth A. Morgan Bruce A. Campbell Cyril Grima Isaac B. Smith Roger J. Phillips Matthew P. Golombek 《Space Science Reviews》2017,211(1-4):135-146
We carried out an assessment of surface and subsurface properties based on radar observations of the region in western Elysium Planitia selected as the landing site for the InSight mission. Using observations from Arecibo Observatory and from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter’s Shallow Radar (SHARAD), we examined the near-surface properties of the landing site, including characterization of reflectivity, near-surface roughness, and layering. In the Arecibo data (12.6-cm wavelength), we found a radar-reflective surface with no unusual properties that would cause problems for the InSight radar altimeter (7-cm wavelength). In addition, the moderately low backscatter strength is indicative of a relatively smooth surface at \({\sim} 10\mbox{-cm}\) scales that is composed of load-bearing materials and should not present a hazard for landing safety. For roughness at 10–100 m scales derived from SHARAD data, we find relatively low values in a narrow distribution, similar to those found at the Phoenix and Opportunity landing sites. The power of returns at InSight is similar to that at Phoenix and thus suggestive of near-surface layering, consistent with a layer of regolith over bedrock (e.g., lava flows) that is largely too shallow (\({<}10\mbox{--}20~\mbox{m}\)) for SHARAD to discern distinct reflectors. However, an isolated area outside of the ellipse chosen in 2015 for InSight’s landing shows faint returns that may represent such a contact at depths of \({\sim} 20\mbox{--}43~\mbox{m}\). 相似文献
37.
Microbial life on Earth uses a wide range of chemical and energetic resources from diverse habitats. An outcome of this microbial diversity is an extensive and varied list of metabolic byproducts. We review key points of Earth-based microbial metabolism that are useful to the astrophysical search for biosignature gases on exoplanets, including a list of primary and secondary metabolism gas byproducts. Beyond the canonical, unique-to-life biosignature gases on Earth (O(2), O(3), and N(2)O), the list of metabolic byproducts includes gases that might be associated with biosignature gases in appropriate exoplanetary environments. This review aims to serve as a starting point for future astrophysical biosignature gas research. 相似文献
38.
Oxidants are formed at the surface of Europa and may be delivered to the subsurface ocean, possibly in great quantities. Whether these substances would be available for biological metabolism is uncertain, because they may react with sulfides and other compounds to generate sulfuric and other acids. If this process has been active on Europa for much of its age, then not only would it rob the ocean of life-supporting oxidants but the subsurface ocean could have a pH of ~2.6, which is so acidic as to present an environmental challenge for life, unless organisms consume or sequester the oxidants fast enough to ameliorate the acidification. 相似文献
39.
Cousins CR Griffiths AD Crawford IA Prosser BJ Storrie-Lombardi MC Davis LE Gunn M Coates AJ Jones AP Ward JM 《Astrobiology》2010,10(9):933-951
The Panoramic Camera (PanCam) instrument will provide visible-near IR multispectral imaging of the ExoMars rover's surroundings to identify regions of interest within the nearby terrain. This multispectral capability is dependant upon the 12 preselected "geological" filters that are integrated into two wide-angle cameras. First devised by the Imager for Mars Pathfinder team to detect iron oxides, this baseline filter set has remained largely unchanged for subsequent missions (Mars Exploration Rovers, Beagle 2, Phoenix) despite the advancing knowledge of the mineralogical diversity on Mars. Therefore, the geological filters for the ExoMars PanCam will be redesigned to accommodate the astrobiology focus of ExoMars, where hydrated mineral terrains (evidence of past liquid water) will be priority targets. Here, we conduct an initial investigation into new filter wavelengths for the ExoMars PanCam and present results from tests performed on Mars analog rocks. Two new filter sets were devised: one with filters spaced every 50?nm ("F1-12") and another that utilizes a novel filter selection method based upon hydrated mineral reflectance spectra ("F2-12"). These new filter sets, along with the Beagle 2 filter set (currently the baseline for the ExoMars PanCam), were tested on their ability to identify hydrated minerals and biosignatures present in Mars analog rocks. The filter sets, with varying degrees of ability, detected the spectral features of minerals jarosite, opaline silica, alunite, nontronite, and siderite present in these rock samples. None of the filter sets, however, were able to detect fossilized biomat structures and small (<2?mm) mineralogical heterogeneities present in silica sinters. Both new filter sets outperformed the Beagle 2 filters, with F2-12 detecting the most spectral features produced by hydrated minerals and providing the best discrimination between samples. Future work involving more extensive testing on Mars analog samples that exhibit a wider range of mineralogies would be the next step in carefully evaluating the new filter sets. 相似文献