Fractal Structure of the Heliospheric Plasma Sheet at the Earth''''s Orbit

An analysis of the data from the Wind and IMP-8 spacecraft revealed that a slow solar wind, flowing in the heliospheric plasma sheet, represents a set of magnetic tubes with plasma of increased density (N > 10cm-3 at the Earth's orbit). They have a fine structure at several spatial scales (fractality), from 2°-3°(at the Earth's orbit, it is equivalent to 3.6-5.4h, or (5.4-8.0)×106km) to the minimum about 0.025°, i.e. the angular size of the nested tubes is changed nearly by two orders of magnitude. The magnetic tubes at each observed spatial scale are diamagnetic, i.e. their surface sustains a flow of diamagnetic (or drift) current that decreases the magnetic field within the tube itself and increases it outside the tube. Furthermore, the value of β= 8π[N(Te + Tp)]/B2 within the tube exceeds the value of βoutside the tube. In many cases total pressure P = N(Te + Tp) + B2/8πis almost constant within and outside the tubes at any one of the aforementioned scales.     

Ultrastructural study of iron oxide precipitates: implications for the search for biosignatures in the Meridiani hematite concretions, Mars

Two terrestrial environments that have been proposed as analogs for the iron oxide precipitation in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars include the Rio Tinto precipitates and southern Utah marble concretions. Samples of two typical Utah iron oxide concretions and iron oxide precipitates in contact with biofilms from Rio Tinto have been studied to determine whether evidence could be found for biomediation in the precipitation process and to identify likely locations for fossil microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to search for biosignatures in the Utah marbles. The precipitation of iron oxides resembles known biosignatures, though organic compounds could not be confirmed with GC-MS analysis. In contrast, textural variations induced by biological activity are abundant in the modern Rio Tinto samples. Although no compelling evidence of direct or indirect biomediation was found in the Utah marbles, the ultrastructure of the iron oxide cement in the concretion suggests an inward growth during concretion precipitation from an initially spherical redox front. No indication for growth from a physical nucleus was found.     

国家标准局新的时间、频率服务

一、引言 1983年国家标准局(NBS)建立了两项新的时间和频率服务。这两项服务的建立使得用户能比以前更精确地、更不费力地得到溯源于NBS的时间和频率。这些新的服务可以为那些要求时间传递精度在3毫微秒到1微秒范围内的或要求频率校准性能在10~(-11)到10~(-14)范围内的用户服务。然而,有许多不需要这么高精度的应用,用户也能从这些服务得到好处,这是因为其自动化程度高,使用简单、并有NBS的帮助。     

价值工程的合同方面

本文以叙述合同要求,各种形式的价值工程计划和建议,以及规定的分享条款的形式等来阐述价值工程的合同方面的问题.为了说明如何实际运用价值工程合同的概念和降低成本的计算方法,以及如何在政府和雷锡恩公司之间分享节余的方法,本文将重点阐明价值工程变更提案的主要部分.多年来,为了简化价值工程条款,防务采办条例(DAR)已修正了多次.本文是根据最近修改的DAR写成的,参照的文件为《防务采办通报》,DAC76—26,1980年     

惯性顶级固体进推剂的研制与鉴定

本文介绍了惯性顶级(IUS)固体火箭发动机用的丁羟推进剂及推进剂/包复层/绝热层界而系统的研制情况及生产历程;介绍了根据发动机设计要求选择推进剂配方的情况和推进剂的主要性能;还介绍了研制期间对配方和工艺的某些小的修改及修改原因。本文亦讨论了推进剂/包复层/绝热层的界面系统,包括包复层化学的主要特性和控制迁移现象以提高粘结系统的完整性的方法。     

用作推进剂组份的丁二烯与二茂铁衍生物共聚的端羟基共聚物

本文介绍了乙烯基二茂铁与丁二烯的共聚物及其制备方法。当从偶氮—双—(2——甲基——5——羟基——戊腈),偶氮一双——(羟乙基——2——甲基丙酸酯)和偶氮——双——(2——甲基——3——羟基——丙腈)偶氮类引发剂中,选择一种引发剂引发进行聚合时,在有机溶剂中生成共聚物。该共聚物可用作固体推进剂配方的粘合剂,并用来提高固体推进剂的燃速。     

DAME: planetary-prototype drilling automation

We describe results from the Drilling Automation for Mars Exploration (DAME) project, including those of the summer 2006 tests from an Arctic analog site. The drill hardware is a hardened, evolved version of the Advanced Deep Drill by Honeybee Robotics. DAME has developed diagnostic and executive software for hands-off surface operations of the evolved version of this drill. The DAME drill automation tested from 2004 through 2006 included adaptively controlled drilling operations and the downhole diagnosis of drilling faults. It also included dynamic recovery capabilities when unexpected failures or drilling conditions were discovered. DAME has developed and tested drill automation software and hardware under stressful operating conditions during its Arctic field testing campaigns at a Mars analog site.     

一种模糊多传感器跟踪系统

许多多传感器目标跟踪系统都是在假定数据关联过于复杂、集中式融合办法的计算要求过多而难于实现的情况下提出的。此外还需假设噪声分量相对较小、无漏检，扫描周期相对较短等等。业已证明，在采用这些假设条件生成模拟数据进行测试时，许多多传感器跟踪系统都能有效地工作。然而深入研究了几组实际数据的特点之后，就会发现这些假设并不总有效的。本文首先介绍了一种实际的多传感器跟踪环境的特点，并解释了在这种环境下现有系统不能有效完成任务的原因。然后给出克服这些系统缺陷的种数据融合方法，方法分为3步；（Ⅰ）采用一种自适应学习方法估算同步误差；（Ⅱ）漏检时调整目标的测量位置；（Ⅲ）采用一种基于模糊逻辑的算法预测下一个目标位置。为做出性能评估，我们采用不同的实际数据集和模拟数据集对融合方法进行了测试，结果令人满意。