Radio Heliographic Diagnostics of Solar Activity That Governs Space Weather

In this paper, the possibility and some results of radioheliographic study of space weather solar factors are shortly described.     

1980年5月21日—22日耀斑后冕拱(Post-flare coronal arch)的加热机制和稳定性

本文提出了快撕裂模加热是1980年5月21日—22日耀斑后冕拱长达10多小时的有效加热机制。作者计算了撕裂模所提供的能量和相应的增长率,并讨论了该冕拱的MHD平衡和稳定性问题,主要结论如下:1.对5月21日冕拱,当密度取1.6×109cm-3（实测值）时,剪切宽度α_α=1.8×108cm（冕拱小半径的十分之一）剪切磁场为18—32×10-4T,所对应的增长率为1.79×10-5s-1—2.66×10-5s-1,不稳定的增长时间为15.5h—10.4h,这组解与观测到的冕拱存在10多小时相符。所以,撕裂模是冕拱合理的有效加热机制。2.该冕拱之所以维持10多小时之久,除撕裂模加热与辐射损失平衡外,在力学上必须处于平衡态,其平衡条件为B_φ（冕拱轴向磁场）=2B_θ（冕拱的环向场）,和气压梯度dp/dr大于零。若冕拱满足该力学平衡条件,则利用能量原理可得到该系统对腊肠扰动、扭曲扰动、螺旋扰动均是稳定的。      

Simulation Tools for a Fiber-Optic Based Structural Health Monitoring System

Probability of detection(POD)graphics allow for a change from qualitative to quantitative assessment for every damage detection system,and as such it is a main request for conventional non-destructive testing(NDT)techniques.Its availability can greatly help towards the industrialization of the corresponding Structural health monitoring(SHM)system.But having in mind that for SHM systems the sensors are at fixed positions,and the location of a potential damage would change its detectability.Consequently robust simulation tools are required to obtain the model assisted probability of detection(MAPOD)which is needed to validate the SHM system.This tool may also help for the optimization of the sensor distribution,and finally will allow a probabilistic risk management.INDEUS,simulation of ultrasonic waves SHM system,was a main milestone in this direction.This article deals with the simulation tools for a strain based SHM system,using fiber optic sensors(FOS).FOS are essentially strain/temperature sensors,either with multi-point or with distributed sensing.The simulation tool includes the finite element model(FEM)for the original and damaged structure,and algorithms to compare the strain data at the pre-established sensors locations,and from this comparison to extract information about damage occurrence and location.The study has been applied to the structure of an all-composite unmanned aircraft vehicle(UAV)now under construction,designed at Universidad Politecnica de Madrid for the inspection of electrical utilities networks.Distributed sensing optical fibers were internally bonded at the fuselage and wing.Routine inspection is planned to be done with the aircraft at the test bench by imposing known loads.From the acquired strain data,damage occurrence may be calculated as slight deviations from the baselines.This is a fast inspection procedure without requiring trained specialists,and it would allow for detection of hidden damages.Simulation indicates that stringer partial debondings are detected before they become critical,while small delaminations as those produced by barely visible impact damages would require a prohibited number of sensing lines.These simulation tools may easily be applied to any other complex structure,just by changing the FEM models.From these results it is shown how a fiber optic based SHM system may be used as a reliable damage detection procedure.     

单板ATAC分布式处理机

本文介绍了应用技术公司(Applied Tecknologe)在一个单插入模块上制造硬件最少的300 kop 处理机,bk存储器和1553兼容远程终端的方法。这种应用方法是航空电子设备类型的分布式处理。完成对处理机设计的详细情况是根据减少硬件而对其性能影响最小这一点来进行描述的,制造单板存储器和1553接口的详细情况也一并介绍。     

有视觉的计算机

借助光电数字化装置,用计算机鉴定和识别复杂的图形和形状,比人眼的速度更快、精度更高。自六十年代后期以来,已研制成光电数字化系统的硬件,并建立了软件,以解决把这种技术应用到摄影和实时测量装置中的问题。本文描述了光电数字化过程的原理,典型的目标识别技术以及硬件的工作情况。     

Prediction of Magnetospheric Disturbances Caused by a Quasi-Stationary Solar Wind

When predicting parameters of quasi-stationary Solar Wind (SW) streams at 1 AU, it is customary to use, as the indicator of solar sources, the Bases of Open Magnetic Tubes (BOMT) on the solar surface obtained via a calculation relying on a new Bd-technique of harmonic expansion of the magnetic field from daily full-disk magnetograms developed by Rudenko[4]. By considering an example of 17 events, it is shown that the correspondence between fast SW streams at the Earth's orbit and the BOMT, calculated with ≤ 24 h time resolution, makes up about 94%, while the correspondence of SW stereams with the CH in the light of the 10830 A line is about 29%. With this technique, the predictability of maxima of the Kp index of magnetospheric disturbance caused by a fast quasi-stationary SW, is over 90%, and the prediction accuracy of the maximun velocity vm of the stream is ±15%.      

PAMIR—一种宽带相控阵SAR／MTI系统

在未来的各种监视侦察任务中，机载及星载成像雷达系统必须满足越来越严格的要求。下一代最高水平的合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统将具有高灵敏度地面动目标指示能力和多种复杂工作模式，其中包括高分辨率和远距离成像能力。只有通过运用可重构相控阵天线连同综合宽带系统设计以及多通道能力才能完成各种任务。在FGAN已经设想出一种新的X波段实验雷达，该雷达最终将被改进成拥有由16个自动可重构子孔径组成的电控相控阵，5个独立的接收通道和大约1．8GHz的总信号带宽。这种传感器叫做PAMIR(多功能相控阵成像雷达)。着重用实例说明远距离超高分辨率SAR成像。借助于地面动目标的逆SAR(ISAR)成像也能实现高分辨率。而且，通过空时自适应信号处理和超高3一D分辨率单向干涉SAR(IfSAR)，接收通道的数目将提供地面动目标指示(GMTI)。在一个接收通道和机械控制天线阵列的情况下，PAMIR在其现行发展阶段中是切实可行的。文章介绍了PAMIR的系统设计和预期能力，并提供了高分辨率SAR及ISAR成像的地面及机载实验结果。     

SPOT—4卫星HRVIR工程模型达标

对ＳＰＯＴ－４卫星上的高分辨率可见光／红外成像仪（ＨＲＶＩＲ）的测试目前已告一段落，全部指标均已达到。本文在一般性介绍这种多光谱相机之后，对探测装置、电子系统及探测器拼接及配准所需的相关设备做进一步详细的描述、突出强调新型短波红外通道的温控和机械设计的重要性及配准星上全部通道的优点。