海上舰船目标的机载高分辨率ISAR成像

本文提出了机载高分辨率二维逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)对舰船目标的侧视成像问题。通过采用舰船运动的简单模型，避免了采用高级的联合-时间频率(JTF)变换。研究了包括运动估计与校正、最佳处理时间与持续时间估计以及目标形状提取的鲁棒处理方案。强调了这样一个事实，即该处理的鲁棒性造就了单个ISAR成像分析而不必由一组雷达图像进行数据融合。     

Shareable Instruments and Observatories for the Joint Research Center on Space Weather of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences

Presented are the ideas and proposals in regards to the pooling of by RAS, SB, ISTP, and CSSAR,CAS toward coordinated usage of existing ground-based and orbiting helio-geophysical observatories, single large installations as well as creating, forecasting services and new observing facilities, in the interests of achieving a profitable activity of the China-Russia Joint Research Center on Space Weather (JRCSW).      

APC—2／AS4预浸料带热芯缠绕的显微特征

通过对ＡＰＣ－２／ＡＳ４热塑性预浸带缠绕过程的研究，分析了缠绕管件的断面显微特征，认为热塑性预浸带热芯缠绕成形过程中，形成孔隙的主要原因是层间的不良浸渍而非基体的降解。提高缠绕张力和树脂含量有利于孔隙的消除，但又对制件中树脂的均匀性及外表面尺寸稳定性有影响。     

射电干涉测量的动基应用

本文研究了与移动接收机有关的射电干涉测量误差源。结合已发表的数据,经独立研究给出了接收机噪声、时钟抖动、定时漂移、多路径误差、电离层和对流层折射效应引起的各种误差的均方根值。动基射电干涉测量系统仿真中,加进了有显著影响的统计误差模型,以评价接收机运动状态的测量精度。假设这个系统由两台配有原子钟的双频接收机组成。在记录的GPS信号相位的事后处理中,应用多普勒频移检测技术和互相关算法来确定基线距离和飞行器的运动参数。初步分析结果表明:动基射电干涉测量将提供与目前惯导技术同等的导航精度,甚至更高。     

氯丁橡胶的动态力学性能

汽车发动机前支架的功能橡胶另件需要满足与防震和消音有关的一系列物理和动态力学性能。就小型发动机而言,因为在宽频率范围内必须防震,可选择高阻尼橡胶。然而,在非常慢的速度下,高阻尼橡胶的传递性随频率降低而降低,并且某些高阻尼橡胶抗蠕变性较差。本报告(?)述新的配方工艺;用配比为87.5/12.5%的氯丁胶和丁腈胶并用胶来获得满足汽车发动机前支架所需的物理、动态力学和蠕变性能的典型技术要求。用 Rheovibron 法在广泛的温度、频率和应变范围下测量了这种共混的动态力学性能,且与其它弹性体如乙稀/丙稀酸类共混胶进行了比较。     

Identification of vortices in a transonic compressor flow and the stall process

IntroductionVortex is often the essential element re-sponsible for triggering stall and surge in com-pressors.So the identification and the analysisof the vortices in compressor are usually quitehelpful for the understanding of the compressorbehavior.Howe…     

A microbial oasis in the hypersaline Atacama subsurface discovered by a life detector chip: implications for the search for life on Mars

The Atacama Desert has long been considered a good Mars analogue for testing instrumentation for planetary exploration, but very few data (if any) have been reported about the geomicrobiology of its salt-rich subsurface. We performed a Mars analogue drilling campaign next to the Salar Grande (Atacama, Chile) in July 2009, and several cores and powder samples from up to 5?m deep were analyzed in situ with LDChip300 (a Life Detector Chip containing 300 antibodies). Here, we show the discovery of a hypersaline subsurface microbial habitat associated with halite-, nitrate-, and perchlorate-containing salts at 2?m deep. LDChip300 detected bacteria, archaea, and other biological material (DNA, exopolysaccharides, some peptides) from the analysis of less than 0.5?g of ground core sample. The results were supported by oligonucleotide microarray hybridization in the field and finally confirmed by molecular phylogenetic analysis and direct visualization of microbial cells bound to halite crystals in the laboratory. Geochemical analyses revealed a habitat with abundant hygroscopic salts like halite (up to 260?g kg(-1)) and perchlorate (41.13?μg g(-1) maximum), which allow deliquescence events at low relative humidity. Thin liquid water films would permit microbes to proliferate by using detected organic acids like acetate (19.14?μg g(-1)) or formate (76.06?μg g(-1)) as electron donors, and sulfate (15875?μg g(-1)), nitrate (13490?μg g(-1)), or perchlorate as acceptors. Our results correlate with the discovery of similar hygroscopic salts and possible deliquescence processes on Mars, and open new search strategies for subsurface martian biota. The performance demonstrated by our LDChip300 validates this technology for planetary exploration, particularly for the search for life on Mars.     

Assessing antibody microarrays for space missions: effect of long-term storage, gamma radiation, and temperature shifts on printed and fluorescently labeled antibodies

Antibody microarrays are becoming frequently used tools for analytical purposes. A key factor for optimal performance is the stability of the immobilized (capturing) antibodies as well as those that have been fluorescently labeled to achieve the immunological test (tracers). This is especially critical for long-distance transport, field testing, or planetary exploration. A number of different environmental stresses may affect the antibody integrity, such as dryness, sudden temperature shift cycles, or, as in the case of space science, exposure to large quantities of the highly penetrating gamma radiation. Here, we report on the effect of certain stabilizing solutions for long-term storage of printed antibody microarrays under different conditions. We tested the effect of gamma radiation on printed and freeze- or vacuum-dried fluorescent antibodies at working concentrations (tracer antibodies), as well as the effect of multiple cycles of sudden and prolonged temperature shifts on the stability of fluorescently labeled tracer antibody cocktails. Our results show that (i) antibody microarrays are stable at room temperature when printed on stabilizing spotting solutions for at least 6 months, (ii) lyophilized and vacuum-dried fluorescently labeled tracer antibodies are stable for more than 9 months of sudden temperature shift cycles (-20°C to 25°C and 50°C), and (iii) both printed and freeze- or vacuum-dried fluorescent tracer antibodies are stable after several-fold excess of the dose of gamma radiation expected during a mission to Mars. Although different antibodies may exhibit different susceptibilities, we conclude that, in general, antibodies are suitable for use in planetary exploration purposes if they are properly treated and stored with the use of stabilizing substances.     

Survival of Deinococcus radiodurans against laboratory-simulated solar wind charged particles

In this experimental study, cells of the radiation-resistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans were exposed to several different sources of radiation chosen to replicate the charged particles found in the solar wind. Naked cells or cells mixed with dust grains (basalt or sandstone) differing in elemental composition were exposed to electrons, protons, and ions to determine the probability of cell survival after irradiation. Doses necessary to reduce the viability of cell population to 10% (LD(10)) were determined under different experimental conditions. The results of this study indicate that low-energy particle radiation (2-4?keV), typically present in the slow component of the solar wind, had no effect on dehydrated cells, even if exposed at fluences only reached in more than 1000 years at Sun-Earth distance (1 AU). Higher-energy ions (200?keV) found in solar flares would inactivate 90% of exposed cells after several events in less than 1 year at 1 AU. When mixed with dust grains, LD(10) increases about 10-fold. These results show that, compared to the highly deleterious effects of UV radiation, solar wind charged particles are relatively benign, and organisms protected under grains from UV radiation would also be protected from the charged particles considered in this study.