利用天线主波束方向图信息估算多目标的到达方向角

提出了一种估算机械旋转天线主瓣中多个雷达目标到达方向角(DOA)的新方法。该估算方法以最大似然技术(ML)为基础，应用了天线波束方向图信息。考虑了两种情况：具有确定性未知复幅度的多目标和具有随机复高斯分布幅度的多目标。用蒙特卡罗模拟评估了该估算方法的性能，并将它与Cramer-Rao下限进行了性能比较。     

用于恶劣天气条件下飞机着陆的雷达视景合成系统

描述了一种用于在恶劣天气情况下辅助飞机着陆的视景合成系统（ＳＶＳ），该系统由一个扫描毫米波雷达，平显和实时信号处理硬件组成，采用一套快速处理算法来增强和显示图像。该系统已在实际的恶劣天气情况进行了大量的高塔与飞行演示验证。此项工作的重要性在于它验证了系统的整体概念和信号处理算法的新颖性。     

The Suess-Urey mission (return of solar matter to Earth)

The Suess-Urey (S-U) mission has been proposed as a NASA Discovery mission to return samples of matter from the Sun to the Earth for isotopic and chemical analyses in terrestrial laboratories to provide a major improvement in our knowledge of the average chemical and isotopic composition of the solar system. The S-U spacecraft and sample return capsule will be placed in a halo orbit around the L1 Sun-Earth libration point for two years to collect solar wind ions which implant into large passive collectors made of ultra-pure materials. Constant Spacecraft-Sun-Earth geometries enable simple spin stabilized attitude control, simple passive thermal control, and a fixed medium gain antenna. Low data requirements and the safety of a Sun-pointed spinner, result in extremely low mission operations costs.     

Leg venous hemodynamics and leg volumes during a 42 day -6 degrees head-down bedrest

Seven healthy subjects were submitted to a 42-day head down bedrest, where leg venous compliance (venous distensibity index VDI) and leg volumes were assessed by mercury strain gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion and optoelectronic plethysmography, respectively. Plethysmographic and volometric measurements were made, before, during (at days 1, 4, 7, 14, 21, 26, 34 and 41), and after bedrest (days 1, 4, 7, 11 and 30 of the recovery period). Results showed a continuous decrease in leg volumes throughout bedrest, when VDI increased until day 26 of bedrest, and then decreased afterwards. The recovery period was characterized by a rapid return of VDI to prebedrest levels while leg volumes progressively normalised. These results showed that leg venous compliance changes are not always dependant upon skeletal muscle changes, and that factors other than size of muscle compartment are able to determine increases in leg venous compliance during long-term bedrest.     

The effect of head-down tilt on brain potentials related to visual attention

To study the possible effect of simulated weightlessness on brain function state, the brain event-related potentials (ERPs) in a simple visual selective response task were compared between HDT and HUT in 9 normal subjects. The results were: The Target(T) and non-Target(NT) flash signals both induced significant slow positive potentials which were supposed to related to the attention state; the amplitude of the positive potentials in frontal regions decreased significantly especially for NT-ERPs during HDT comprared with that during HUT. The data reported provide new evidence indicating that more attention should be paid on the brain function study during space flight.     

喷流对飞机尾流涡影响的试验研究

飞机产生的尾流涡,特别是大尺度的翼尖涡,对尾随其后的飞行器是非常有害的,本文旨在探索利用飞机发动机产生的喷流加速尾流涡消亡的方法。试验采用简化的飞机模型(有尾翼),建立了包含一对翼尖涡及一对反向旋转的尾翼涡(通过以负迎角安装尾翼得到)的4涡尾流系统。在无外来扰动的情况下,不同的尾翼设置下得到的尾翼涡对翼尖涡的作用效果不同,有的能导致翼尖涡提前消亡,有的则不能。考察了不同强度的喷流对不同4涡尾流系统的影响,且作为对比,对无尾翼(2涡系统)及无喷流下的各种情况也分别作了观测。试验在拖曳水槽中进行,运用体视粒子图像测速(SPIV)技术,观测了与模型拖曳方向垂直的、从机翼后缘到下游约45翼展间均布的一系列切面。结果表明:当喷流直接作用于涡时,其效果主要取决于两者之间的初始距离及相对强度;而当喷流作用于整个4涡尾流系统时,其引入的扰动对不同的系统均能起到一定程度的改善作用,这种作用的关键在于利用喷流优化对翼尖涡进行扰动的机制,而不仅仅取决于喷流的强度。     

空间运输系统对空军卫星控制网的影响

二十多年来,空军卫星控制网(AFSCN)为许多军用航天器和发射运载器提供了实时跟踪、遥测和遥控支持。随着国防部航天任务测控要求的变化,空军卫星控制网的测控、通信和数据处理能力的扩展和现代化都已稳步增长。空间运输系统的发展促进了空军卫星控制网的发展。本文介绍了为满足空间运输系统的要求对空军卫星控制网目前已进行的和预期进行的一系列改造。     

靶场摄影光学仪器评述

本文从测量仪器和监视仪器的角度,回顾了导弹靶场所用的跟踪望远镜的历史。这一历史可以追溯到1937年的阿斯卡尼亚(Askania),直到1981年的远距离目标姿态测量系统(DOAMS)。本文还讨论了电影经纬仪(包括固定式测量系统和机动跟踪架)的历史和能力。对所有设备都从历史状况到目前水平做了介绍。对于提高靶场测量摄影光学系统性能所必须遵循的技术方向也进行了简要探讨。     

材料技术和研制概况

由于再入飞行器材料技术(REVMAT)计划设有直接研制产品的任务,白橡树实验所避免漫无边际的研究而力求把技术途径建立在坚实的技术依据上。这一点是通过以下几项工作来实现的:确定材料要求(MRD)计划、微观结构分析计划、破坏分析研究以及侵蚀备选材料的热化学分析。