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971.
Lohr D. A. Zanetti L. J. Anderson B. J. Potemra T. A. Hayes J. R. Gold R. E. Henshaw R. M. Mobley F. F. Holland D. B. Acuña M. H. Scheifele J. L. 《Space Science Reviews》1997,82(1-2):255-281
The primary objective of the investigation is the search for a body-wide magnetic field of the near Earth asteroid Eros. The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) 3-axis fluxgate magnetometer includes a sensor mounted on the high-gain antenna feed structure. The NEAR Magnetic Facility Instrument (MFI) is a joint hardware effort between GSFC and APL. The design and magnetics approach achieved by the NEAR MFI effort entailed low-cost, up-front attention to engineering solutions which did not impact the schedule. The goal of the magnetometer is reliable magnetic field measurements within 5 nT, which necessitates the use of an extensive spacecraft magnetic interference model but is achievable with the full year's orbital data set. Such a goal has been shown viable with recent in-flight calibration data and comparisons to the WIND magnetometer data. The NEAR MFI effort has succeeded in providing magnetic field measurements for the first flight in NASA's Discovery line. 相似文献
972.
We have developed a 2D semi-empirical model (Sittler and Guhathakurta 1999) of the corona and the interplanetary medium using
the time independent MHD equations and assuming azimuthal symmetry, utilizing the SOHO, Spartan and Ulysses observations.
The model uses as inputs (1) an empirically derived global electron density distribution using LASCO, Mark III and Spartan
white light observations and in situ observations of the Ulysses spacecraft, and (2) an empirical model of the coronal magnetic
field topology using SOHO/LASCO and EIT observations. The model requires an estimate of solar wind velocity as a function
of latitude at 1 AU and the radial component of the magnetic field at 1 AU, for which we use Ulysses plasma and magnetic field
data results respectively. The model makes estimates as a function of radial distance and latitude of various fluid parameters
of the plasma such as flow velocity V, temperature Teff, and heat flux Qeff which are derived from the equations of conservation of mass, momentum and energy, respectively, in the rotating frame of
the Sun. The term "effective" indicates possible wave contributions. The model can be used as a planning tool for such missions
as Solar Probe and provide an empirical framework for theoretical models of the solar corona and solar wind.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
973.
N.U. Crooker J.T. Gosling V. Bothmer R.J. Forsyth P.R. Gazis A. Hewish T.S. Horbury D.S. Intriligator J.R. Jokipii J. Kóta A.J. Lazarus M.A. Lee E. Lucek E. Marsch A. Posner I.G. Richardson E.C. Roelof J.M. Schmidt G.L. Siscoe B.T. Tsurutani R.F. Wimmer-Schweingruber 《Space Science Reviews》1999,89(1-2):179-220
Corotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the middle heliosphere have distinct morphological features and associated patterns
of turbulence and energetic particles. This report summarizes current understanding of those features and patterns, discusses
how they can vary from case to case and with distance from the Sun and possible causes of those variations, presents an analytical
model of the morphological features found in earlier qualitative models and numerical simulations, and identifies aspects
of the features and patterns that have yet to be resolved.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
974.
Malandraki O.E. Sarris E.T. Lanzerotti L.J. Maclennan C.G. Pick M. Tsiropoula G. 《Space Science Reviews》2001,97(1-4):263-268
In January 2000, the Ulysses spacecraft observed an ICME event at 43° S heliographic latitude and ∼ 4.1 AU. We use electron (E
e>38 keV) observations to trace the topology of the IMF embedded within the ICME. The still controversial issue of whether
ICMEs have been detached from the solar corona or are still magnetically anchored to it when they arrive at the spacecraft
is tackled. An in ecliptic ICME event is also presented.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
975.
Lario D. Haggerty D.K. Roelof E.C. Tappin S.J. Forsyth R.J. Gosling J.T. 《Space Science Reviews》2001,97(1-4):277-280
On day 49 of 1999 a strong interplanetary shock was observed by the ACE spacecraft located at 1 AU from the Sun. This shock
was followed 10 hours later by a magnetic cloud (MC). A large solar energetic particle (SEP) event was observed in association
with the arrival of the shock and the MC at ACE. The Ulysses spacecraft, located at 22° S heliolatitude and nearly the same
ecliptic longitude as ACE, observed a large SEP event beginning on day 54 that peaked with the arrival of a solar wind and
magnetic field disturbance on day 61. A magnetic cloud was observed by Ulysses on days 63–64. We suggest a scenario in which both spacecraft intercepted the same MC, although sampling different regions
of it. We describe the effects that the MC produced on the streaming of energetic particles at both spacecraft.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
976.
O. Moullard R.G. Marsden T.R. Sanderson C. Tranquille R.J. Forsyth B.E. Goldstein 《Space Science Reviews》2001,97(1-4):289-292
We present and compare observations of energetic protons during the two first transits of the Ulysses spacecraft from low to high latitudes in the southern heliosphere. Protons in the energy range 1.8–3.8 MeV from the COSPIN
experiment are studied for global trends and in relation to some ambient structures in the solar wind (corotating interaction
region, forward/reverse shock). The global trends show the large dependence on the heliospheric condition and solar activity,
including indications of a larger ambient particle population during the rising phase of solar activity and more efficient
solar wind particle accelerators during the declining phase. More enhancements in the proton flux intensity are time associated
with forward shocks than reverse contrary to first pass. Recurrent structures are found even during the second transit. Some
latitude dependent periodicities are observed that could relate to the differential solar rotation.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
977.
用基于控制体的有限差分方法对一排射流横向喷入管流的流场进行了数值分析,以建立流场温度分布和上游流动条件及几何参数的关系,可变的参数包括:喷嘴直径,喷嘴数,圆柱管半径,射流与主流的体积流量比,温度比和动压比,结果发现,动压比,喷嘴个数和喷嘴间距是三个重要变量,通过对模拟结果的函数拟合,发现射流喷射深度与动压比除以喷嘴数的平方之间的关系可用一个对数函数很好地描述,给出了适用最佳混合的喷射深度和喷嘴间距,提出了可用于结构实设计的程序。 相似文献
978.
ARTEMIS Science Objectives 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. G. Sibeck V. Angelopoulos D. A. Brain G. T. Delory J. P. Eastwood W. M. Farrell R. E. Grimm J. S. Halekas H. Hasegawa P. Hellinger K. K. Khurana R. J. Lillis M. ?ieroset T.-D. Phan J. Raeder C. T. Russell D. Schriver J. A. Slavin P. M. Travnicek J. M. Weygand 《Space Science Reviews》2011,165(1-4):59-91
NASA??s two spacecraft ARTEMIS mission will address both heliospheric and planetary research questions, first while in orbit about the Earth with the Moon and subsequently while in orbit about the Moon. Heliospheric topics include the structure of the Earth??s magnetotail; reconnection, particle acceleration, and turbulence in the Earth??s magnetosphere, at the bow shock, and in the solar wind; and the formation and structure of the lunar wake. Planetary topics include the lunar exosphere and its relationship to the composition of the lunar surface, the effects of electric fields on dust in the exosphere, internal structure of the Moon, and the lunar crustal magnetic field. This paper describes the expected contributions of ARTEMIS to these baseline scientific objectives. 相似文献
979.
P. C. Frisch M. Bzowski E. Grün V. Izmodenov H. Krüger J. L. Linsky D. J. McComas E. Möbius S. Redfield N. Schwadron R. Shelton J. D. Slavin B. E. Wood 《Space Science Reviews》2009,146(1-4):235-273
Interstellar material (ISMa) is observed both inside and outside of the heliosphere. Relating these diverse sets of ISMa data provides a richer understanding of both the interstellar medium and the heliosphere. The galactic environment of the Sun is dominated by warm, low-density, partially ionized interstellar material consisting of atoms and dust grains. The properties of the heliosphere are dependent on the pressure, composition, radiation field, ionization, and magnetic field of ambient ISMa. The very low-density interior of the Local Bubble, combined with an expanding superbubble shell associated with star formation in the Scorpius-Centaurus Association, dominate the properties of the local interstellar medium (LISM). Once the heliosphere boundaries and interaction mechanisms are understood, interstellar gas, dust, pickup ions, and anomalous cosmic rays inside of the heliosphere can be directly compared to ISMa outside of the heliosphere. Our understanding of ISMa at the Sun is further enriched when the circumheliospheric interstellar material is compared to observations of other nearby ISMa and the overall context of our galactic environment. The IBEX mission will map the interaction region between the heliosphere and ISMa, and improve the accuracy of comparisons between ISMa inside and outside the heliosphere. 相似文献
980.
O.J. Oyedokun A.O. Akala E.O. Oyeyemi 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2021,67(4):1222-1243
This study investigates the morphology of the GPS TEC responses in the African Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) region to intense geomagnetic storms during the ascending and maximum phases of solar cycle 24 (2012–2014). Specifically, eight intense geomagnetic storms with Dst ≤ ?100 nT were considered in this investigation using TEC data obtained from 13 GNSS receivers in the East African region within 36–42°E geographic longitude; 29°N–10°S geographic latitude; ± 20°N magnetic latitude. The storm-time behavior of TEC shows clear positive and negative phases relative to the non-storm (median) behavior, with amplitudes being dependent on the time of sudden commencement of the storm and location. When a storm starts in the morning period, total electron content increases for all stations while a decrease in total electron content is manifested for a storm that had its sudden commencement in the afternoon period. The TEC and the EIA crest during the main phase of the storm is significantly impacted by the geomagnetic storm, which experiences an increase in the intensity of TEC while the location and spread of the crest usually manifest a poleward expansion. 相似文献