主燃孔对模型燃烧室流场的影响

为了深入了解主燃孔参数变化对双级轴向旋流器模型环形燃烧室内气流组织与气动性能的影响,采用PIV测速仪对该燃烧室内冷态和液雾燃烧流场进行测量,试验研究在冷、热态情况下不同主燃孔参数对模型燃烧室内回流区的形成、轴向平均速度u,轴向脉动速度Urms,雷诺剪切应力u′v′分布的影响。研究结果表明:主燃孔参数变化对燃烧室内冷、热态流场有着重要的影响;燃烧室在燃烧情况下所得的中心回流区长度要比冷态短,但回流负速度、脉动速度和雷诺应力都明显大于冷态,所得的研究结果可为燃烧室优化设计提供有用的依据。     

Formation control using μ-synthesis for Inner-Formation Gravity Measurement Satellite System

Inner-Formation Gravity Measurement Satellite System (IFGMSS) is used to map the gravity field of Earth. The IFGMSS consists of two satellites in which one is called “inner satellite” and the other one is named as “outer satellite”. To measure the pure Earth gravity, the inner satellite is located in the cavity of the outer satellite. Because of the shield effect of the cavity, the inner satellite is affected only by the gravitational force, so it can sense Earth gravity precisely. To avoid the collision between the inner satellite and the outer satellite, it is best to perform a real-time control on the outer satellite. In orbit, the mass of the outer satellite decreases with the consumption of its propellant. The orbit angular rate of the inner satellite varies with time due to various disturbing forces. These two parameters’ uncertainties make the C–W function be not so accurate to describe the formation behavior of these two satellites. Furthermore, the thrusters also have some uncertainties due to the unmodelled dynamics. To cancel the effects caused by the above uncertainties, we have studied the robust control method based on the μ-synthesis. This μ-synthesis eliminates the conservativeness and improves the control efficiency comparing with the H_∞ method. Finally, to test the control method, we simulate an IFGMSS mission in which the satellite runs in a sun synchronous circular orbit with an altitude of 300 km. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the robust control method. The performances of the closed-loop system with the μ-controller are tested by the μ-analysis. It has found that the nominal performance, the robust stability and the robust performance are all achieved. The transient simulation results further prove the control response is fast and the accuracy of the relative position meets the demand of the gravity measurement.     

Determination of the mean dynamic ocean topography model through combining multi-source gravity data and DTU15 MSS around China's coast

Mean dynamic ocean topography (or MDT) is closely related to ocean circulation and global climate change. It has important scientific significance and application value for the development and utilization of marine resources in China's coastal areas. Based on the terrain gravity, marine gravity, and SRTM 3?s data, an algorithm to reduce the problem of gravity data gaps between land and sea is proposed. A consistent land-sea gravity model is established based on point-mass fusion method. Then geoid model, which accuracy was estimated to be 8.5?cm through the verification of 348 GNSS/level data from the coastal provinces, of China's coastal areas was calculated through remove-restore technique. Connecting the above geoid model with DTU15 MSS model to establish a MDT model in China's coastal areas using the direct method in space domain. The effect of gravity field model, dominant factors of sea surface topography, and low pass filter are analyzed. Taking Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea as an example, and comparing MDT with the two international models CNES_2013_MDT and DTU15_MDT. The results show that the MDT has the potential to construct a vertical datum of the ocean and carry out related scientific research and application.     

我国大型飞机环境控制系统研制展望

根据我国大型飞机研制的任务需求,结合未来飞机环控系统的发展趋势,从气源系统设计技术、高效大流量制冷系统设计技术、数字式座舱压力调节系统设计技术、综合空气管理系统设计技术及防冰系统设计技术等5个方面探讨了适用于我国大型飞机环境控制系统的现实构型和未来发展。     

X-cor夹层结构剪切模量实验与分析

以新型高性能X-cor夹层结构为对象,实验研究了Pin的植入角为30°和体积分数为0.49%的情况下,X-cor夹层结构的纵向剪切模量。与纯泡沫夹层结构相比,X-cor夹层结构密度增加24%,剪切模量提高近7倍。在实验基础上,建立了X-cor夹层结构有限元分析模型,分析了Pin植入角、Pin直径以及Pin分布密度对X-cor夹层结构剪切模量的影响。有限元计算与实验结果对比表明,该有限元模型预测值与实验结果误差很小。     

基于三次样条插值的时滞GDM(1,2)模型构建及应用

针对具有时滞特征的输入输出系统,建立了灰色时滞GDM(1,2)模型。并结合三次样条插值和粒子群优化算法,求解出模型的3个参数[a,b,τ]。相对于先利用灰关联分析确定出时滞参数τ再求解灰预测模型的方法,把时滞参数τ融入模型中求解,避免了参数求解过程中的误差传递;并且还消除了时滞参数τ必须为整数的限制,使模型更加贴合现实中滞后期数不一定为整数的实际情况。最后将模型应用于公路旅客周转量的预测问题,实例表明该模型在具有时滞特征的输入输出系统预测中具有较高的精度。     

高碳醇/膨胀石墨复合相变热沉多目标优化

为解决高温工作环境下电子芯片的发热问题，设计采用相变材料（PCM）的控温模块，建立相变材料的控温模块模型。相变材料选择高碳醇/膨胀石墨复合材料。借助FLUENT软件进行数值模拟，探究在相同加热功率下，加热面积对控温时间的影响。对控温模块的几何尺寸进行参数分析，将数值模拟结果用于训练人工神经网络，实现对控温时间的预测。根据芯片发热功耗、芯片尺寸，通过NGSA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法优化控温模块几何尺寸，延长控温时间，降低模块质量。最终得到一系列非支配解集，可根据控温时间需求选择合适的模块尺寸设计。针对长宽为35.4 mm、发热功率为15 W的芯片进行控温模块优化设计。环境温度为80℃，温控目标小于90℃，控温时间180 s，优化后模块减重13.0%，模块内温度与液相分布也更均匀。      

Aerodynamics of cross-flow fans and their application to aircraft propulsion and flow control

Cross-flow fans offer unique opportunities for distributed propulsion and flow control due to their potential for spanwise integration in aircraft wings. The fan may be fully or partially embedded within the wing using a variety of possible configurations. Its inlet may be used to ingest the boundary-layer flow, and its high-energy exhaust flow may be injected into the wake at the wing trailing edge for drag reduction or vectored thrust. Cross-flow fans are high-pressure coefficient machines, so they can be diametrically compact. However, their efficiency is fundamentally limited by unavoidable recirculation flows within the impeller at all flight speeds, and by additional compressibility losses at high speeds. This article reviews the fundamental aerodynamics and flow regions of cross-flow fans using a simple mean-line analysis to examine the basic energy transfer and loss processes. Experimental data for fans intended for aircraft application are then reviewed and compared to calculations using unsteady Navier–Stokes methods, showing the state-of-the art in flow field and performance prediction capability. Alternative prediction methods where blade action is modeled in terms of body-force or vortex elements are discussed, including challenges in handling arbitrary non-uniform, unsteady blade flows for various design configurations. The article concludes with a review of cross-flow fan propulsion and flow control concepts that have been investigated by various researchers, and with discussions on future challenges in their application.     

新型齿轮测量系统及其误差分析

根据齿轮啮合分离测试技术，开发了一种新型齿轮测量机，对该测量机原理误差和各项原始误差进行了详细分析，指出啮合分离测试技术具有高频滤波特性，得到了该机测量齿形、齿向和齿距的不确定度，实验证明了文中分析结果的正确性。     

飞机空中跳伞应急出口切割装置设计与试验

爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口在飞机上的应用国内尚属首次,其最大优点是节省救生准备时间.从爆炸减压、结构变形、结构强度、爆炸反向冲击等方面进行了理论计算,分析了高空爆破切割形成应急出口的可行性.针对切割索弯折过框及长桁降低切割效果问题,进行了摸底试验和余度试验,试验结果表明:只要过框位置切割索弯折后与框距离控制在2~8mm,过长桁位置切割索弯折后与长桁距离不大于2mm,就可以满足切割分离要求,切割索弯折后相互之间不产生影响.通过1∶1地面验证试验,证明了爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口的可行性,并成功安装于某型飞机上.研究成果可为其他型号采用爆破切割技术提供理论基础和试验数据支持.