某型运输机环控系统改进及其性能分析

为消除发动机压气机引气中滑油蒸气污染座舱供气及对空气动压轴承运行的影响,改善某型运输机的座舱供气品质,提出用以动力涡轮驱动的离心压气机替代发动机压气机作为增压气源,在对空气循环系统的温控通路进行改进的基础上,形成了以离心压气机为增压气源的新环控系统。给出了新环控系统的性能计算方法,在飞行包线内对其性能进行了计算。计算结果表明,新环控系统的出口空气参数满足运输机对环控系统的要求,热天条件下新系统比原系统的发动机引气量至少节省10.3%,其他天气条件下,发动机引气使用量得到大幅节省,甚至超过60%。研究表明,新环控系统能够适应座舱热载荷的变化,合理使用发动机引气量,降低环控系统对发动机功率的消耗。     

基于坐标系转换与QTM编码的天球面探测覆盖栅格化分析方法研究

提出一种基于坐标系转换与QTM编码的天球面探测覆盖栅格化分析方法,并对其计算精度和效率进行了实验分析,相比传统算法和经纬网格编码方法,该方法具有明显的效率和精度优势,能够满足以天球面为探测目标的空间科学卫星有效载荷探测覆盖分析和任务规划的需要.      

飞机座舱内空气速度和温度分布的数值模拟

飞机座舱内空气的流场和温度场直接影响到乘员的舒适性。本文应用雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和Launder-Sharma低雷诺数模型计算了飞机座舱内的流场和温度场。文中对对流－扩散方程中的对流项分别采用低阶和高阶精度格式进行了离散，计算结果表明高阶精度格式更适合飞机座舱内空气分布的数值模拟。     

Orientation of Sharp Fronts of the Solar Wind Plasma

Based on simultaneous observations performed by several spacecraft, we evaluate the orientation of sharp (with a duration of a few minutes) and large (tens and hundreds percent of the mean value) fronts of the solar wind plasma (changes in the ion flux and ram pressure). The orientation of the fronts is determined with respect to the Sun–Earth line and to two planes in space for several tens of the largest (in amplitude) changes of the ion flux. A considerable fraction of these fronts (about 50%) has an inclination to the plane perpendicular to the Sun–Earth line that exceeds 30°.     

MHD Simulations of the Dynamics of Sharp Disturbances of the Interplanetary Medium and Comparison with Spacecraft Observations

One-dimensional MHD simulations of solitary sharp and strong disturbances (impulses) of the interplanetary magnetic field and plasma of the homogeneous solar wind were performed. The characteristics of a disturbance of this type, recorded onboard the WIND spacecraft (SC) rather far from the Earth, were taken as initial conditions. The results of numerical experiments simulating the evolution of this disturbance in the moving interplanetary plasma, whose parameters correspond to observations of the WIND and INTERBALL-1 SC, show the efficiency of the computer code developed with the special purpose of investigating low-frequency wave events in the space environment. The calculated characteristics of the impulse resulting from the evolution are in good agreement with parameters of the disturbance recorded by the INTERBALL-1 SC closer to the Earth. In particular, the impulse expands due to imbalance of thermal and magnetic pressures, but keeps its abrupt boundaries. It was demonstrated that stable plasma objects, corresponding to stationary MHD solutions, could really exist in the solar wind plasma for a long time.     

Online scheduling of image satellites based on neural networks and deep reinforcement learning

In the ‘‘Internet Plus" era, space-based information services require effective and fast image satellite scheduling. Most existing studies consider image satellite scheduling to be an optimization problem to solve with searching algorithms in a batch-wise manner. No real-time speed method for satellite scheduling exists. In this paper, with the idea of building a real-time speed method, satellite scheduling is remodeled based on a Dynamic and Stochastic Knapsack Problem(DSKP), and the objective is to maximize the total expected profit. No existing algorithm could be able to solve this novel scheduling problem properly. With inspiration from the recent achievements in Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL) in video games, AlphaGo and dynamic controlling,a novel DRL-based method is applied to training a neural network to schedule tasks. The numerical results show that the method proposed in this paper can achieve relatively good performance with real-time speed and immediate respond style.     

加热表面水珠运动特性研究

为研究加热表面的水珠运动特性,提出了加热表面水珠的几何参数、受力及其运动过程的计算方法。试验获得了水珠的表面阻滞力、黏性阻力和气动力计算关系式中的相关系数,给出了不同风速条件下水珠运动的临界直径,进行了加热表面水珠运动试验并对其过程进行了数值计算。试验结果表明：水珠的无量纲表面阻滞力保持恒定,运动时受到的黏性阻力与其运动速度和宽度有关,在外流场作用下所受的气动力可采用修正圆球阻力公式进行计算。将试验获得的相关系数加入水珠运动模型中,对加热表面水珠运动过程进行数值计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合,说明本文所述方法能够准确地模拟加热表面水珠大小和位置随时间的变化。     

考虑杆臂效应与挠曲变形的全自动着舰技术

联合精确进近和着陆系统（JPALS）舰载组件旨在为最终进近阶段的舰载机提供自动着舰能力。针对由于舰船杆臂效应与挠曲变形的存在导致舰载机着舰定位精度下降的问题,开发了一种基于卫星引导的全自动着舰非线性化参数误差模型,结合舰船甲板运动及舰载机纵向飞行控制模型,评估舰船结构挠曲和姿态不确定性对着舰落点精度的影响。结果表明,杆臂效应与挠曲变形对着舰落点精度有显著影响,利用建立的误差模型以及飞行控制模型,能够将着舰落点精度有效控制在着舰标准之内。     

微小矩形通道内流动与换热特性

采用试验和数值模拟方法研究了当量直径为0.633～1.079 mm的微小通道内的流动与换热特性.工质为 液体水,雷诺数Re为100~3 000.试验结果表明,该尺寸范围的通道内层流向紊流转变的临界雷诺数约为1700,层流表观阻力系数和努塞尔数的试验值与数值计算结果吻合良好.最后通过数值模拟对恒定泵功及恒定流 量条件下不同结构参数通道的换热进行了计算,给出了最佳换热结构.     

扁管微小通道内R134a的沸腾换热试验

搭建适用于多种结构微小通道的沸腾换热试验系统,研究了制冷剂R134a在当量直径分别为0.63mm和0.72mm的多孔扁管微小通道内的沸腾换热特性。试验参数包括制冷剂质量流率为82~621kg/(m2·s),饱和压力为0.22~0.63MPa,干度为0~1;采用等热流密度方式加热,热流密度范围为9.7~64kW/m2。结果表明:R134a在扁管内沸腾换热中,当干度在0~0.6区间时,微小通道的传热系数明显高于常规通道,换热类型主要为核态沸腾,传热系数随热流密度和饱和压力的增大而增大,与质量流率关系不大;当干度大于0.6之后,传热系数随着干度的增大急剧减小,且在此干度区间,传热系数受热流密度和饱和压力影响较小,而受质量流率的影响相对较大。利用该结论和公开文献中R134a沸腾换热试验数据对Gungor-Winterton公式进行改进,改进后的公式对所有试验点的平均相对误差为-1.17%,平均绝对误差为19.24%,预测精度有了明显提高。