Pyrite-induced hydrogen peroxide formation as a driving force in the evolution of photosynthetic organisms on an early earth

The remarkable discovery of pyrite-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) provides a key step in the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis. Here we show that H2O2 can be generated rapidly via a reaction between pyrite and H2O in the absence of dissolved oxygen. The reaction proceeds in the dark, and H2O2 levels increase upon illumination with visible light. Since pyrite was stable in most photic environments prior to the rise of O2 levels, this finding represents an important mechanism for the formation of H2O2 on early Earth.     

多输入多输出雷达的非均匀线性阵列配置(英文)

提出了利用非均匀线性阵列(Non-uniform linear array,NLA)对多输入多输出(Multiple-input multipleoutput,MIMO)雷达系统进行阵列配置优化的方法。在传统的相控阵雷达中,非均匀线性阵列配置被用来形成较窄的波束方向图,而在MIMO雷达中,利用非均匀线性阵列来获得更多的互不相同的虚拟阵元,以此来提高雷达的参数可辨识性能。文中所采用的一种非均匀线性阵列是最小冗余线性阵列,并给出了一种在物理阵元数量较大时最小冗余线性阵列的生成方法。实验结果表明:与均匀线性阵列(Uniform linear array,ULA)配置的MIMO雷达相比,非均匀线性阵列MIMO雷达能够利用较少的物理天线阵元获得相同的参数可辨识性能;而在两种配置的雷达系统的物理阵元个数相同的情况下,非均匀线性阵列MIMO雷达可以获得更大的阵列孔径长度和更低的克拉美.罗界。     

渗透法标准湿度发生器中渗透管的研制

详细介绍了适用于低湿测量领域、现场校准的内渗式渗透法标准湿度发生器中渗透管的设计、制作与使用寿命分析及使用注意事项。     

A model of habitability within the Milky Way galaxy

We present a model of the galactic habitable zone (GHZ), described in terms of the spatial and temporal dimensions of the Galaxy that may favor the development of complex life. The Milky Way galaxy was modeled using a computational approach by populating stars and their planetary systems on an individual basis by employing Monte Carlo methods. We began with well-established properties of the disk of the Milky Way, such as the stellar number density distribution, the initial mass function, the star formation history, and the metallicity gradient as a function of radial position and time. We varied some of these properties and created four models to test the sensitivity of our assumptions. To assess habitability on the galactic scale, we modeled supernova rates, planet formation, and the time required for complex life to evolve. Our study has improved on other literature on the GHZ by populating stars on an individual basis and modeling Type II supernova (SNII) and Type Ia supernova (SNIa) sterilizations by selecting their progenitors from within this preexisting stellar population. Furthermore, we considered habitability on tidally locked and non-tidally locked planets separately and studied habitability as a function of height above and below the galactic midplane. In the model that most accurately reproduces the properties of the Galaxy, the results indicate that an individual SNIa is ～5.6× more lethal than an individual SNII on average. In addition, we predict that ～1.2% of all stars host a planet that may have been capable of supporting complex life at some point in the history of the Galaxy. Of those stars with a habitable planet, ～75% of planets are predicted to be in a tidally locked configuration with their host star. The majority of these planets that may support complex life are found toward the inner Galaxy, distributed within, and significantly above and below, the galactic midplane.     

亚音速复杂组合体表面压力分布及气动力特性数值计算方法

本文从亚音速小扰动位势方程出发,给出了计算任意复杂组合体表面压力分布和纵向气动力特性的基本解的数值计算方法。把全机表面划分成许多网格,在每个网格上布置基本解以模拟物体,用物面上没有法向气流穿透的边界条件决定基本解的未知强度,从而计算出物面压力系数,积分出总气动力特性。该方法适用于任意形状的机身及任意平面形状、任意厚度、弯度和扭转分布的机翼(尾翼),机翼(尾翼)可以带有两段后缘操纵面。为降低对电子计算机存贮量、速度和稳定时间的要求,本方法采用了机翼、机身、尾翼部件之间的循环迭代求解。     

MArs Neutron Energy Spectrometer (MANES): an instrument for the Mars 2003 Lander

We describe the instrument design and detector development for MANES which has been selected to fly on the Mars 2003 Lander. Section 1 explains the need for the spectrometer in determining the increased risk of carcinogenesis for astronauts. Section 2 presents the instrument design including an outline drawing, a cross-sectional view and a detailed block diagram. Sections 3 and 4 describe the low and high energy detector components of the spectrometer and present responses to monoenergetic neutron beams. Sections 5 and 6 explain the design approaches to charged particle discrimination and instrument transfer function modeling.     

2013通航与媒体交流论坛举办

4月24日,由航联传播与中国航空协会通用航空委员会联合举办的"2013通航与媒体交流论坛"在北京亮马河会议中心举行。论坛以"新政策解读盘点2012通航热点"为主题,由政府部门领导、通航企业高管、资深媒体人共同探讨2013年通航政策和通航市场发展以及在新政策陆续出台的形势下如何做好通航传播。