缝隙间隙密封在阀设计中的运用

在某型飞机使用的阀中采用了缝隙间隙密封,依据计算、设计和试验阐述了泄漏量与压力、间隙尺寸、粘度及材质的关系。当间隙尺寸确定时,粘度越大,压力越小,材质越硬,则泄漏量越小,即阀在采用缝隙间隙密封时,泄漏量与工作介质的种类有关,每种工作介质粘度不同,泄漏量也不同,阀体材质越密,抗泄漏越好。因此,应尽量选择粘度系数大的介质和材质较密的材料。     

Generalized Kutta–Joukowski theorem for multi-vortex and multi-airfoil flow with vortex production——A general model

By using a special momentum approach and with the help of interchange between singularity velocity and induced flow velocity, we derive in a physical way explicit force formulas for twodimensional inviscid flow involving multiple bound and free vortices, multiple airfoils, and vortex production. These force formulas hold individually for each airfoil thus allowing for force decomposition, and the contributions to forces from singularities(such as bound and image vortices,sources, and doublets) and bodies out of an airfoil are related to their induced velocities at the locations of singularities inside this airfoil. The force contribution due to vortex production is related to the vortex production rate and the distance between each pair of vortices in production, thus frameindependent. The formulas are validated against a number of standard problems. These force formulas, which generalize the classic Kutta–Joukowski theorem(for a single bound vortex) and the recent generalized Lagally theorem(for problems without a bound vortex and vortex production) to more general cases, can be used to identify or understand the roles of outside vortices and bodies on the forces of the actual body, optimize arrangement of outside vortices and bodies for force enhancement or reduction, and derive analytical force formulas once the flow field is given or known.     

复合材料机尾罩减重设计

根据复合材料层压板及夹层结构设计原则提出了某飞机机尾罩复合材料设计方案,结合复合材料强度计算方法进行有限元分析及强度校核。分析结果表明:在满足静强度的前提下,与金属机尾罩相比,复合材料机尾罩重量减少28.4%。     

Automatic differentiation based discrete adjoint method for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes

A systematic methodology for formulating, implementing, solving and verifying discrete adjoint of the compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for aerodynamic design optimization on unstructured meshes is proposed. First, a general adjoint formulation is con-structed for the entire optimization problem, including parameterization, mesh deformation, flow solution and computation of the objective function, which is followed by detailed formulations of matrix-vector products arising in the adjoint model. According to this formulation, procedural components of implementing the required matrix-vector products are generated by means of auto-matic differentiation (AD) in a structured and modular manner. Furthermore, a duality-preserving iterative algorithm is employed to solve flow adjoint equations arising in the adjoint model, ensur-ing identical convergence rates for the tangent and the adjoint models. A three-step strategy is adopted to verify the adjoint computation. The proposed method has several remarkable features:the use of AD techniques avoids tedious and error-prone manual derivation and programming;duality is strictly preserved so that consistent and highly accurate discrete sensitivities can be obtained; and comparable efficiency to hand-coded implementation can be achieved. Upon the cur-rent discrete adjoint method, a gradient-based optimization framework has been developed and applied to a drag reduction problem.     

周向总压畸变对多级轴流压气机稳定性影响的逐级模拟方法

介绍了1种分析进口总压畸变对多级轴流压气机特性影响的逐级模拟方法。应用该方法对J85-13压气机的进口总压畸变进行了分析,并对压气机在稳态和畸变情况下特性的逐级模拟计算结果进行了详细的数值分析,讨论了压气机的失稳关键级以及有效进气攻角对多级轴流压气机特性的影响。计算结果与试验结果的比较表明,该模拟方法是合理可行的。     

基于椭圆路径的光学镜面超精密研磨技术研究

利用基于椭圆成形方法建立的二次回转曲面加工误差模型,并用最小二乘方法建立了二次回转曲面铣磨误差辨识模型。考虑到各项误差对面形误差影响的相似性,分析了合并、分开辨识相似误差所引入的误差,以此得到处理相似误差的策略。     

飞机进近着陆系统电磁环境建模与仿真

针对现代导航着陆系统附近电磁环境复杂及机场可用空间的日益缩小的现状,提出了用电磁环境建模和仿真的方法来预测和分析电磁散射对着陆系统影响.根据这一方法可以计算出飞机在进近路径上各点的导航参量的变化.实验结果表明,其仿真结果在实际的应用中具有一定的借鉴作用.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

A Nonlinear Sub-grid Scale Model for Compressible Turbulent Flow

本文采用直接过滤的Navier-Stokes方程组作为可压缩湍流大涡模拟控制方程组。方程组中因过滤产生的高阶相关项用Taylor级数展开近似,但仅保留级数的一阶导数项。这样产生的误差相当于丢失了模型的部分耗散作用,本文用一种动力学非线性亚格子模型来补偿丢失的耗散影响。本文根据Caylay-Hamilton定理导出了一个非线性亚格子模型,模型中包含的系数由动力学模式确定。与传统的动力学Smagorinsky模式相比,这种动力学非线性模型(DNM)稳定性更好,且不需要在统计均匀方向进行统计平均来计算模型系数,因此减少了计算开销。本文用这种非线性亚格子模型对绕双椭球高超声速湍流进行了模拟,并将所得结果与实验值、计算值及理论值进行了对比。结果表明,本文模型可以有效地模拟可压缩湍流流场。     

一种伞式可折叠柔性变胞机构的设计分析研究

 柔性变胞机构是一种依靠柔性构件变形实现构态变化的机构,利用柔性机构的某些特性可以综合提高变胞机构的性能和效率。提出一种伞式可折叠柔性变胞机构,该机构综合了变胞机构和柔性机构两大特点。利用伪刚体模型理论对该机构进行拓扑学,运动学及稳态分析。最后,对该机构进行运动学仿真,结果表明伪刚体模型法适合于柔性变胞机构的分析与设计。