Impact of Distance Determinations on Galactic Structure. I. Young and Intermediate-Age Tracers

Here we discuss impacts of distance determinations on the Galactic disk traced by relatively young objects. The Galactic disk, \(\sim40~\mbox{kpc}\) in diameter, is a cross-road of studies on the methods of measuring distances, interstellar extinction, evolution of galaxies, and other subjects of interest in astronomy. A proper treatment of interstellar extinction is, for example, crucial for estimating distances to stars in the disk outside the small range of the solar neighborhood. We’ll review the current status of relevant studies and discuss some new approaches to the extinction law. When the extinction law is reasonably constrained, distance indicators found in today and future surveys are telling us stellar distribution and more throughout the Galactic disk. Among several useful distance indicators, the focus of this review is Cepheids and open clusters (especially contact binaries in clusters). These tracers are particularly useful for addressing the metallicity gradient of the Galactic disk, an important feature for which comparison between observations and theoretical models can reveal the evolution of the disk.     

锂氟化碳电池用新型高比容量复合正极材料

采用提高正极材料比容量以改善大电流放电性能的思路,设计新型高比容量复合正极材料,并通过研磨分散结合融化扩散热处理方法制备氟化碳-硫复合正极材料。电化学测试分析表明新型复合材料可以实现同步改善容量和大电流放电性能,同时具有二次可逆循环充放电能力。研究结果表明:氟化碳-硫复合正极材料的能量密度和功率密度性能具有突出优势,在不同电流密度下均可实现显著的提升,相比纯氟化碳材料的能量密度和功率密度最高可分别提升 433%和 10.7%。     

An experimental system for release simulation of internal stores in a supersonic wind tunnel

Aerodynamic parameters obtained from separation experiments of internal stores in a wind tunnel are significant in aircraft designs. Accurate wind tunnel tests can help to improve the release stability of the stores and in-flight safety of the aircrafts in supersonic environments.A simulative system for free drop experiments of internal stores based on a practical project is provided in this paper. The system contains a store release mechanism, a control system and an attitude measurement system. The release mechanism adopts a six-bar linkage driven by a cylinder, which ensures the release stability. The structure and initial aerodynamic parameters of the stores are also designed and adjusted. A high speed vision measurement system for high speed rolling targets is utilized to measure the pose parameters of the internal store models and an optimizing method for the coordinates of markers is presented based on a priori model. The experimental results show excellent repeatability of the system, and indicate that the position measurement precision is less than0.13 mm, and the attitude measurement precision for pitch and yaw angles is less than 0.126°, satisfying the requirements of practical wind tunnel tests. A separation experiment for the internal stores is also conducted in the FL-3 wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research Institute.     

片梭织机的提速及其改造

从片梭织机的结构、性能、织造工艺和织机调试等方面入笔,分析了影响片梭织机提速的有关因素,提出了为合理提速而对织机所采取的改造方法。     

Hale引理证明的修正

本文指出了著名的Ｈａｌｅ引理证明中的不足之处,并给以完善。     

基于某微型发动机对比分析轴流涡轮与向心涡轮的气动性能与减重

为了确定厘米级微型涡轮发动机在相对较大功率、流量需求时的涡轮形式,以实现发动机更高的性能,本文基于某直径12厘米微发样机开展研究。本文估算了该样机整机环境下单级轴流涡轮的做功能力,并按参数优选规律设计了一台微型轴流涡轮,将之与该样机所采用的微型向心涡轮进行对比,基于CFD和CAD工具分析了两种叶轮在功率、效率及尺寸重量方面的差别。研究表明：在先进微小型发动机总压比提高（4～6,本文设计采用4.2）的情况下,涡轮为了在保持效率的同时满足压气机更高的功率需求,轴流式必须采用双级方案,向心式单级就可满足要求;在压气机压比4～6条件下,进一步对比双级轴流与单级向心方案的结果显示,当流量小于500g/s时,向心式具有尺寸重量优势,发动机能实现较高的推重比。针对厘米级微型发动机,在发动机增压比较高且没有超出单级向心涡轮做功能力的范围时,向心涡轮方案是更好的选择。     

基于物理规划的高超声速飞行器滑翔式再入轨迹优化

 轨迹优化是新型高超声速滑翔式再入飞行器方案设计的关键技术之一。物理规划方法能够以较低的计算代价获得设计者偏好的多目标优化问题的折中解。基于该方法研究滑翔式再入最优飞行轨迹。首先介绍物理规划方法求解多目标优化问题的数学模型,然后将考虑射程最大、热载最小、热流密度峰值最小和弹道最稳定4个目标的再入最优轨迹问题纳入物理规划的框架求解。以某带翼锥形再入飞行器为例,通过计算并分析单目标优化结果,确定具体的偏好结构,采用遗传算法求解了考虑热流、过载、动压和终端条件约束的多目标最优轨迹。优化计算结果验证了物理规划方法的有效性。分析了沿最优轨迹飞行的物理原因和基本迎角控制规律,可为滑翔式再入飞行器的最优轨迹方案设计提供依据。     

一种新的微细精密航空制造技术—纯水微细电解加工的工艺研究(英文)

为了寻求航空精密微细制造新技术并实现绿色制造和精密微细制造,对一种新型微细电解加工方法——纯水微细电解加工进行了研究。基于水解离机理,在新研制的试验装置上,采用不同的试验条件,进行了一系列工艺试验,探索并揭示了实现纯水微细电解加工的必要工艺条件和工艺规律,加工了圆孔和字母"PW-ECM";还研究了超声振动—纯水电解复合加工新方法,进而在不锈钢薄片上加工出三角、方形盲孔、三角通孔;试验研究结果证明了纯水微细电解加工的可行性。     

涂层对3D SiO2/Si3N4复合材料力学性能的影响

采用有机先驱体真空浸渍裂解法制备了三向石英纤维编织体/涂层/氮化硅复合材料.采用SEM、电子拉伸试验等测试手段研究了涂层对3D SiO2/Si3N4复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:保护涂层可明显改善纤维与氮化硅的界面结合性能,使复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂韧性得到显著提高,拉伸强度从无保护涂层的5.1 MPa提高到有涂层的120 MPa;裂纹扩展和断口分析表明,复合材料的强韧化机理为纤维的拔出、脱粘和诱导裂纹偏转.     

一种可紫外光固化新型耐烧蚀涂料研究

基于巯基-乙烯基光引发逐步聚合机理,以含有乙烯基的液态硅氮烷预聚物与多元巯基化舍物为基体,辅以某种陶瓷微粉作为填料,研制了一种可紫外光固化的新型耐烧蚀涂料.采用等温差示光量热扫描(DPC)和测试固化度研究了填料添加量对紫外光固化放热行为和一次成型厚度的影响关系.结果表明:在制备0.5 mm厚的涂层时,填料添加量逐渐从0增至5%(质量分数,下同),固化放热峰值和放热量随添加量的增大而逐渐减小,且固化放热峰从尖锐逐渐趋于平坦,这是由于填料的加入使得涂料变为不透明,对入射的紫外光线产生了衍射/反射作用,从而减弱了辐照强度;填料添加量大于10%时,明显阻碍光固化反应的发生,涂层的一次成型厚度随填料添加量的增加而降低,可采用多次涂敷的措施解决涂层厚度不足的问题.当填料添加量从0增至20%,对于1.0 mm厚的涂层而言,在800℃质量保持率从61.2%增至73.5%.填料含量20%的涂层具有较为优异的耐烧蚀性能,氧-乙炔烧蚀的线烧蚀率为0.252 inm/s,质量烧蚀率为61.7 mg/s.