民用飞机废水系统非定常三相流动特性研究

废水系统属于民用飞机机载系统的重要组成部分,污水排放的有效性直接关系到乘客的乘坐舒适性与健康。因此,有必要对民用飞机废水系统中的气液固三相流动进行研究。采用欧拉方法模拟废水管路的气液固三相流动,对飞行高度、马桶工作状态因素对废水排放的影响进行分析。结果表明：仅最远端马桶工作时,随着飞行高度的增加,废水流动的核心峰值时间提前,废水完全排出所需时间从3.31 s缩短至1.87 s,废水均能快速排入废水箱;当三个马桶同时工作时,靠近废水箱的马桶开启会减小废水管路中的负压,不同横截面流速平均下降了66.5%,导致最远端马桶废水无法快速排出,排放效率有所降低;当靠近废水箱的马桶冲洗时间调整为2 s,同时将最远端马桶单独开启时,可以保证最远端马桶中的废水完全排入废水箱。     

高动态信号模拟器中的多普勒模拟算法

 为了测试卫星定位系统接收机的性能,须用信号模拟器来模拟各种条件下真实的卫星发射信号。卫星信号模拟器由软件、硬件和上位机三部分组成。系统主要包含目标运动轨迹计算、误差计算、导航电文生成及信号调制发射等功能模块。中频信号处理中的多普勒频移模拟是高动态卫星信号模拟器要解决的一项关键技术。为此,提出了一种全相参的多普勒模拟算法,基于真实的高动态运动模型解算出伪码和载波的频率字,在现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）中通过数控振荡器(NCO)设计产生真实的动态卫星信号。通过实际测试并与理论数据进行了比对验证,模拟出的动态特性与真实卫星信号的多普勒特性一致。     

空天飞行技术创新与发展展望

首先介绍了空天飞行技术的发展历程与现状;结合各国发展经验及空天飞行器飞行特点提出了空天飞行技术面临的基础科学问题,并依据目前的技术发展情况提出了具体解决途径;阐述了空天飞行技术的未来发展方向。太空是人类的未来,"廉价、便捷、安全、机动"的空天飞行器将颠覆现有进出空间方式开辟新太空时代。     

动能拦截器运动伪装末制导律设计

针对动能拦截器末制导问题，基于运动伪装理论设计了末制导律和相应的脉冲宽度脉冲频率(PWPF)调节器。根据拦截器和目标在视线旋转坐标系下的相对运动关系建立了动力学模型。通过运动伪装特性得出的拦截条件推导出作用在视线法向上的制导指令表达式。在动能拦截器制导推力受限情况下，利用PWPF调节器调节制导指令。考虑系统的可控条件和拦截条件，对调节器参数进行了理论设计。运动伪装末制导律保证动能拦截器在制导过程起到伪装作用，具有较高的制导精度和较小的命中过载，同时经过参数设计后的PWPF调节器可以节省燃料。最后，通过数值仿真校验了所设计末制导律的正确性和有效性。     

Analysis of BDS-3 distributed autonomous navigation based on BeiDou system simulation platform

Satellite autonomous navigation is an important function of the BeiDou-3 navigation System (BDS-3). Satellite autonomous navigation means that the navigation satellite uses long-term forecast ephemeris and Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) measurements to determinate its own spatial position and time reference without the support of the ground Operation and Control System (OCS) for a long time to ensure that the navigation system can normally maintain the time and space reference. This paper aims to analyze the feasibility of distributed autonomous navigation algorithms. For the first time, a ground parallel autonomous navigation test system (GPANTS) is built. The performance of distributed autonomous navigation is then analyzed using the two-way ISL ranging of BDS-3 satellites. First, the BDS simulation platform and the GPANTS are introduced. Then, the basic principles of distributed satellite autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization based on ISL measurements are summarized. Preliminary evaluation of the performance of the BDS-3 constellation autonomous navigation service under ideal conditions through simulation data. Then the performance of autonomous navigation for 22 BeiDou-3 satellites using ISL measurements is evaluated. The results show that when satellites operate autonomously for 50 days without the support of any ground station, the User Range Error (URE) of autonomous orbit determination is better than 3 m, and the time synchronization accuracy is better than 4 ns.     

Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulations of spacecraft attitude synchronization using the State-Dependent Riccati Equation technique

A nonlinear control technique pertaining to attitude synchronization problems is presented for formation flying spacecraft by utilizing the State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) technique. An attitude controller consisting of relative control and absolute control is designed using a reaction wheel assembly for regulator and tracking problems. To achieve effective relative control, the selective state-dependent connectivity is also adopted. The global asymptotic stability of the controller is confirmed using the Lyapunov theorem and is verified by Monte-Carlo simulations. An air-bearing-based Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulator (HILS) is also developed to validate the proposed control laws in real-time environments. The SDRE controller is discretized for implementation of a real-time processor in the HILS. The pointing errors are about 0.2° in the numerical simulations and about 1° in the HILS simulations, and experimental simulations confirm the effectiveness of the control algorithm for attitude synchronization in a spacecraft formation flying mission. Consequently, experiments using the HILS in a real-time environment can appropriately perform spacecraft attitude synchronization algorithms for formation flying spacecraft.     

A 3D hybrid grid generation technique and a multigrid/parallel algorithm based on anisotropic agglomeration approach

A hybrid grid generation technique and a multigrid/parallel algorithm are presented in this paper for turbulence flow simulations over three-dimensional (3D) complex geometries. The hybrid grid generation technique is based on an agglomeration method of anisotropic tetrahedrons. Firstly, the complex computational domain is covered by pure tetrahedral grids, in which anisotropic tetrahedrons are adopted to discrete the boundary layer and isotropic tetrahedrons in the outer field. Then, the anisotropic tetrahedrons in the boundary layer are agglomerated to generate prismatic grids. The agglomeration method can improve the grid quality in boundary layer and reduce the grid quantity to enhance the numerical accuracy and efficiency. In order to accelerate the convergence history, a multigrid/parallel algorithm is developed also based on anisotropic agglomeration approach. The numerical results demonstrate the excellent accelerating capability of this multigrid method.     

Changes in sea-level pressure over South Korea associated with high-speed solar wind events

We explore a possibility that the daily sea-level pressure (SLP) over South Korea responds to the high-speed solar wind event. This is of interest in two aspects: first, if there is a statistical association this can be another piece of evidence showing that various meteorological observables indeed respond to variations in the interplanetary environment. Second, this can be a very crucial observational constraint since most models proposed so far are expected to preferentially work in higher latitude regions than the low latitude region studied here. We have examined daily solar wind speed V, daily SLP difference ΔSLP, and daily log(BV²) using the superposed epoch analysis in which the key date is set such that the daily solar wind speed exceeds 800 km s⁻¹. We find that the daily ΔSLP averaged out of 12 events reaches its peak at day +1 and gradually decreases back to its normal level. The amount of positive deviation of ΔSLP is +2.5 hPa. The duration of deviation is a few days. We also find that ΔSLP is well correlated with both the speed of solar wind and log(BV²). The obtained linear correlation coefficients and chance probabilities with one-day lag for two cases are r ? 0.81 with P > 99.9%, and r ? 0.84 with P > 99.9%, respectively. We conclude by briefly discussing future direction to pursue.     

针对大气层外目标的双弹协同拦截中制导律设计

论文以大气层外弹道导弹目标为研究对象,考虑拦截弹中段发动机推力固定耗尽关机方式,针对多拦截弹拦截目标问题,提出一种基于零控脱靶量的双弹协同拦截中制导律。在基于零控脱靶量的中制导律的基拙上,以两枚拦截弹的预期拦截点作为协调变量,在两枚拦截弹在零控脱靶量满足末段制导要求情况下,调整两弹的预期拦截点使其一致。分析满足协同拦截的两枚拦截弹的中段初始条件,设计了相应的应对策略。该制导律具有通信负担低,鲁棒性较强的特点。仿真算例表明,所设计的双弹协同中制导律可以有效协调两枚拦截弹实现协同拦截。     

浅析电磁兼容测试中穿墙电缆的影响

按照GJB151A-97要求进行辐射发射和辐射敏感度项目的电磁兼容测试时,穿墙电缆的存在会影响测试结果的准确性。本文简要分析了穿墙电缆在辐射发射和辐射敏感度测试中带来的影响,并提出了一些相应的电缆保护措施。