关于战斗机的更新与换代

1997年9月7日,世界上第一种第四代战斗机——美国的F-22成功地进行了首飞,在世界战斗机发展史上掀开了新的一页.目前,有的国家已在进行新一代战斗机的研制工作,有的国家已开始考虑“换代飞机” 的研制问题.笔者想就战斗机更新换代中的几个问题,谈点想法和看法.     

EJ200发动机将采用轴对称推力矢量喷管

该喷管是西班牙为EJ200研究的。全尺寸模型样机的喉道截面和排气截面各有一套独立工作的液压作动筒操纵系统,其中排气截面由上下左右安置的4个作动筒控制,扩张调节片既能实现径向方向的收缩和扩张,又能围绕发动机轴线作各方向的转动,转动角度可达20度。预计该喷管于明年上     

Investigation of low-energy proton effects on aptamer performance for astrobiological applications

Biochips are promising instruments for the search for organic molecules in planetary environments. Nucleic acid aptamers are powerful affinity receptors known for their high affinity and specificity, and therefore are of great interest for space biochip development. A wide variety of aptamers have already been selected toward targets of astrobiological interest (from amino acids to microorganisms). We present a first study to test the resistance of these receptors to the constraints of the space environment. The emphasis is on the effect of cosmic rays on the molecular recognition properties of DNA aptamers. Experiments on beam-line facilities have been conducted with 2 MeV protons and fluences much higher than expected for a typical mission to Mars. Our results show that this irradiation process did not affect the performances of DNA aptamers as molecular recognition tools.     

The O/OREOS mission: first science data from the Space Environment Survivability of Living Organisms (SESLO) payload

We report the first telemetered spaceflight science results from the orbiting Space Environment Survivability of Living Organisms (SESLO) experiment, executed by one of the two 10?cm cube-format payloads aboard the 5.5?kg Organism/Organic Exposure to Orbital Stresses (O/OREOS) free-flying nanosatellite. The O/OREOS spacecraft was launched successfully to a 72° inclination, 650?km Earth orbit on 19 November 2010. This satellite provides access to the radiation environment of space in relatively weak regions of Earth's protective magnetosphere as it passes close to the north and south magnetic poles; the total dose rate is about 15 times that in the orbit of the International Space Station. The SESLO experiment measures the long-term survival, germination, and growth responses, including metabolic activity, of Bacillus subtilis spores exposed to the microgravity, ionizing radiation, and heavy-ion bombardment of its high-inclination orbit. Six microwells containing wild-type (168) and six more containing radiation-sensitive mutant (WN1087) strains of dried B. subtilis spores were rehydrated with nutrient medium after 14 days in space to allow the spores to germinate and grow. Similarly, the same distribution of organisms in a different set of microwells was rehydrated with nutrient medium after 97 days in space. The nutrient medium included the redox dye Alamar blue, which changes color in response to cellular metabolic activity. Three-color transmitted intensity measurements of all microwells were telemetered to Earth within days of each of the 48?h growth experiments. We report here on the evaluation and interpretation of these spaceflight data in comparison to delayed-synchronous laboratory ground control experiments.     

我国太阳能应用的可行性分析

本文针对我国推广使用绿色环保能源太阳能的可行性进行了探讨，文章首先介绍了太阳能的产生机制，分析了我国太阳能资源的能量总量和分布情况，讨论了直接利用太阳能的二种途径：光热转换和光电转换，并具体讨论了光热转换和光电转换所涉及的实际技术，具体包括：用于采集太阳能并进行光热转换的集热器、辅助热动力系统、太阳能供暖、太阳能制冷、太阳能热力发电、太阳光发电，介绍了国内外使用太阳能的现状和发展趋势，并对我国地域广大且太阳能资源丰富的西部地区的太阳能开发利用的可行性进行了分析。     

卫星是否应该缩小

众议院和参议院之间关于是否发展新一代小型侦察卫星的辩论已使去年的情报审核议案搁置了数月。目前,美国空军的一个顾问委员会已经作了调查,他们说,目前令人骄傲而又开支巨大的美国情报和军事卫星体系应该最终由许多小型卫星组成的分散部署的系统所取代。空军科学顾问委员会的报告没有直接述及目前关于小型卫星