采用非同时数据的平均电平自适应检测器

本文给出了一种平均电平自适应检测器（ＭＬＡＤ）的收敛结果。ＭＬＡＤ包括一个带有平均电平检测器（ＭＬＤ）的自适应匹配滤波器（用于空间相关输入）。由一组数据估算出的自适应匹配滤波器的最佳权数适用于一组统计独立的非同时数据。ＭＬＤ的门限由结果数据确定。此后，把一个候选单元与该门限相比较，得出了作为一些参数的函数的虚警概率和检测概率，这些参数是门限系数、匹配滤波器的阶数、用于计算自适应匹配滤波器权数的每个     

高压涡轮工作叶片叶型设计研究

针对高压涡轮工作叶片叶栅型面特征,采用可压燃气黏性流2维计算方法对高压涡轮工作叶片叶型进行了气动研究,并通过试验验证了优化设计,得到了叶栅气动设计参数。经与初始叶型对比,优化叶型在各状态下损失特性变化更为平缓,在超临界状态下效率更高,在λ2is=1.20状态下的损失减少了2.8%。该方法缩短了设计时间,并且节省了平面叶栅吹风试验的成本。     

Raman spectroscopic analysis of a desert cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. in response to UVB radiation

Cyanobacteria are capable of tolerating environmental extremes. To survive in extreme environments, cyanobacteria have developed the capability to adapt to a variety of stresses. For example, cyanobacteria have adopted a number of strategies with which to survive UV stress, including expression of UV-screening pigments and antioxidant systems. We have previously shown that several antioxidants are significantly expressed in Nostoc sp. by UVB irradiation. We report here that the content of UV-responsive biomarkers such as β-carotene and scytonemin can be easily detected by Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy with use of a small sample size and that the content of β-carotene is dependant on the UVB intensity and exposure time. Our results indicate that Raman spectroscopy may be a helpful tool to analyze UV-protective molecules of cyanobacterium in astrobiological studies without access to large sample sizes and complicated extractions, which are needed by other analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry.     

The PROCESS experiment: amino and carboxylic acids under Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions in low-earth orbit

The search for organic molecules at the surface of Mars is a top priority of the next Mars exploration space missions: Mars Science Laboratory (NASA) and ExoMars (ESA). The detection of organic matter could provide information about the presence of a prebiotic chemistry or even biological activity on this planet. Therefore, a key step in interpretation of future data collected by these missions is to understand the preservation of organic matter in the martian environment. Several laboratory experiments have been devoted to quantifying and qualifying the evolution of organic molecules under simulated environmental conditions of Mars. However, these laboratory simulations are limited, and one major constraint is the reproduction of the UV spectrum that reaches the surface of Mars. As part of the PROCESS experiment of the European EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station, a study was performed on the photodegradation of organics under filtered extraterrestrial solar electromagnetic radiation that mimics Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions. Glycine, serine, phthalic acid, phthalic acid in the presence of a mineral phase, and mellitic acid were exposed to these conditions for 1.5 years, and their evolution was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after their retrieval. The results were compared with data from laboratory experiments. A 1.5-year exposure to Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions in space resulted in complete degradation of the organic compounds. Half-lives between 50 and 150?h for martian surface conditions were calculated from both laboratory and low-Earth orbit experiments. The results highlight that none of those organics are stable under low-Earth orbit solar UV radiation conditions.     

星载铷原子钟用兰宝石灯的研制

由于具有现代技术水平的全玻璃铷光谱灯中 GPS 星载原子钟真空环境条件下使用时明显失效,提出了研制一种寿命比玻璃灯大一个数量级的新型灯的计划。采用兰宝石和类兰宝石材料的实际经验证明,用这些材料制成的灯将满足这种要求。因此,已经研制出几个这种类型的灯。初步结果表明,它们的工作特性几乎在各个方面都很类似于玻璃灯,但有两个例外:首先,点火特性稍有不同。其次,由于臭氧的产生而伴随有明显的紫外线输出。这个问题已经通过将一层薄的吸收紫外线的涂层粘到灯的外边而被排除了。最后结论是,目前已经有可供利用的对这些灯进行一年加速寿命测试所必需的工艺技术。     

Near Earth Vortices Driving of Field Aligned Currents Based on Magnetosphere Multiscale and Swarm Observations

A long-standing mystery in the study of Field-Aligned Currents (FACs) has been that:how the currents are generated and why they appear to be much stronger at high altitudes than in the ionosphere.Here we present two events of magnetotail FACs observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale Spacecraft (MMS) on 1st July and 14th July 2016,to show how the Substorm Current Wedges (SCW) were formed.The results show that particles were transferred heading towards the Earth during the expansion phase of substorms. The azimuthal flow formed clockwise (counter-clockwise) vortex-like motion,and then generated downward (upward) FACs on the tailward/poleward side of the distorted field with opposite vorticity on their Earthward/equatorward side.We also analyzed the Region 1 FACs observed by the Earth Explorer Swarm spacecraft on 1st July 2016 and found that they were associated with FACs observed by MMS,although differing by a factor of 10.This difference suggests that either there was the closure of the currents at altitudes above 500 km or the currents were not strictly parallel to B and closed at longitudes away from where they were generated.      

孔、轮廓和表面(八)

第六章座标镗床的原理及应用(一) 座标镗床的一个重要特点在于能够直接而又迅速地获得最高定位精度。加上它用途广、切削效率高,故座标镗床在机械工业各部门的应用迅速扩大,从模具制造到产品生产线,从实验室到检验部门均已有采用。正因为座标镗床的用途如此广泛,因此强调机床的多种加工功能则是理所当然的了。为了更好地评价座标镗床的实用价值,我们对具     

孔、轮廓和表面(五) 第四章 工程定位设备的准则(一)

第四章工程定位设备的准则(一) 在第二章中,叙述了按模具工人法进行定位、加工与检验的程序,接着又谈了工程定位的方法,但是二者在概念上却有很大的差别。现在对孔的精密定位、精确加工和简捷检验,可以作为一道工序中的若干连续工步来进行,这比分成若干个单独工序来干要好。