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651.
Chu K F 《南京航空航天大学学报(英文版)》1998,(1)
随着东南亚国家的工业化,香港制造业面临的市场竞争日益激烈。香港的厂家若继续过分依赖中国的廉价生产成本优势,已不能维持其竞争力。只有把“全面性质量管理”(TQM)作为企业策略,并不断改善产品质量,才能达到增长利润和改善竞争力等目的。在推行TQM时,仅依靠质量改善的“硬件”,而忽略了机构品质文化的培养,产品质量的改善会收到一定限制。通过人力管理培养和质量的改善,可以为香港制造业培养出一种良好的机构品质文化,从而使香港制造业更加蓬勃发展。 相似文献
652.
本文研究的问题是超声速气流流过物体时产生的气体动力和物理化学非均匀性及其对物体空气动力特性的影响。就有关流动非均匀性对温度剖面和密度的效应作了详细探讨,还仔细描述了激波与热层相互干扰时以及在激光辐射脉冲的作用下先行激波生成的情况。值得指出的是超声速气流中加入激光辐射能可能改变流动结构,在局部能量释放区域后面呈现的较高和较低压力,有助于控制飞行中物体的运动。可采取某些措施以改进飞行品质。 相似文献
653.
B. N. Korchuganov G. G. Dol'nikov M. V. Gerasimov O. F. Prilutskii R. Rider G. Waenke T. Economou 《Cosmic Research》2004,42(1):19-22
A theoretical and experimental feasibility study of possible determination of the hydrogen and deuterium concentrations in the surface layers of planetary bodies is presented. The method under study is the recoil proton and deuteron spectrometry of forward scattering in the course of elastic interaction of alpha particles with the nuclei of hydrogen isotopes. The spectra of recoil protons and deuterons were recorded using a prototype model of a hydrogen spectrometer, and these spectra were used to determine the hydrogen concentrations in the samples of different compositions. 相似文献
654.
Six-month space greenhouse experiments--a step to creation of future biological life support systems
Ivanova TN Kostov PT Sapunova SM Dandolov IW Salisbury FB Bingham GE Sytchov VN Levinskikh MA Podolski IG Bubenheim DB Jahns G 《Acta Astronautica》1998,42(1-8):11-23
SVET Space Greenhouse (SG)--the first automated facility for growing of higher plants in microgravity was designed in the eighty years to be used for the future BLSS. The first successful experiment with vegetables was carried out in 1990 on the MIR Space Station (SS). The experiments in SVET SG were resumed in 1995, when an American Gas Exchange Measurement System (GEMS) was added. A three-month wheat experiment was carried out as part of MIR-SHUTTLE'95 program. SVET-2 SG Bulgarian equipment of a new generation with optimised characteristics was developed (financed by NASA). The new SVET-GEMS equipment was launched on board the MIR SS and a successful six-month experiments for growing up of two crops of wheat were conducted in 1996 - 97 as part of MIR-NASA-3 program. The first of these "Greenhouse" experiments (123 days) with the goal to grow wheat through a complete life cycle is described. Nearly 300 heads developed but no seeds were produced. A second crop of wheat was planted and after 42 days the plants were frozen for biochemical investigations. The main environmental parameters during the six-month experiments in SVET (substrate moisture and lighting period) are given. The results and the contribution to BLSS are discussed. 相似文献
655.
656.
Curiosity’s Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) Investigation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kenneth S. Edgett R. Aileen Yingst Michael A. Ravine Michael A. Caplinger Justin N. Maki F. Tony Ghaemi Jacob A. Schaffner James F. Bell III Laurence J. Edwards Kenneth E. Herkenhoff Ezat Heydari Linda C. Kah Mark T. Lemmon Michelle E. Minitti Timothy S. Olson Timothy J. Parker Scott K. Rowland Juergen Schieber Robert J. Sullivan Dawn Y. Sumner Peter C. Thomas Elsa H. Jensen John J. Simmonds Aaron J. Sengstacken Reg G. Willson Walter Goetz 《Space Science Reviews》2012,170(1-4):259-317
The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) investigation will use a 2-megapixel color camera with a focusable macro lens aboard the rover, Curiosity, to investigate the stratigraphy and grain-scale texture, structure, mineralogy, and morphology of geologic materials in northwestern Gale crater. Of particular interest is the stratigraphic record of a ~5?km thick layered rock sequence exposed on the slopes of Aeolis Mons (also known as Mount Sharp). The instrument consists of three parts, a?camera head mounted on the turret at the end of a robotic arm, an electronics and data storage assembly located inside the rover body, and a calibration target mounted on the robotic arm shoulder azimuth actuator housing. MAHLI can acquire in-focus images at working distances from ~2.1?cm to infinity. At the minimum working distance, image pixel scale is ~14?μm per pixel and very coarse silt grains can be resolved. At the working distance of the Mars Exploration Rover Microscopic Imager cameras aboard Spirit and Opportunity, MAHLI’s resolution is comparable at ~30?μm per pixel. Onboard capabilities include autofocus, auto-exposure, sub-framing, video imaging, Bayer pattern color interpolation, lossy and lossless compression, focus merging of up to 8 focus stack images, white light and longwave ultraviolet (365 nm) illumination of nearby subjects, and 8 gigabytes of non-volatile memory data storage. 相似文献
657.
F.E. Bauer C. Vignali D.M. Alexander W.N. Brandt G.P. Garmire A.E. Hornschemeier P.S. Broos L.K. Townsley D.P. Schneider 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,34(12):2555-2560
We investigate the nature of the faint X-ray source population through X-ray spectroscopy and variability analyses of 136 active galactic nuclei (AGN) detected in the 2 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North Survey with >200 background-subtracted 0.5–8.0 keV counts [F0.5–8.0 keV = (1.4−200) × 10−15 erg cm−2 s−1]. Our preliminary spectral analyses yield median spectral parameters of Γ = 1.61 and intrinsic NH = 6.2 × 1021 cm−2 (z = 1 assumed when no redshift available) when the AGN spectra are fitted with a simple absorbed power-law model. However, considerable spectral complexity is apparent (e.g., reflection, partial covering) and must be taken into account to model the data accurately. Moreover, the choice of spectral model (i.e., free vs. fixed photon index) has a pronounced effect on the derived JVH distribution and, to a lesser extent, the X-ray luminosity distribution. We also find that among the 136 AGN, 10 (≈7%) show significant Fe K emission-line features with equivalent widths in the range 0.1–1.3 keV. Two of these emission-line AGN could potentially be Compton thick (i.e., Γ < 1.0 and large Fe K equivalent width). Finally, we find that 81 (≈60%) of the 136 AGN show signs of variability, and that this fraction increases significantly (≈80–90%) when better photon statistics are available. 相似文献
658.
F. Nagase S. Watanabe 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2006,38(12):2737-2741
This article briefly reviews first the progress of spectroscopy in X-ray astronomy from proportional counters, a major instrument in early phase of X-ray astronomy, to gas scintillation proportional counters, X-ray CCD cameras, transmission and reflection gratings, and finally to X-ray micro-calorimeters. As a typical example of spectral features observed from high mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs), the spectra observed from Vela X-1 with Chandra grating spectrometers are then presented and compared with computer simulations for high mass binary systems. 相似文献
659.
Large-scale structure formation, accretion and merging processes, AGN activity produce cosmological gas shocks. The shocks
convert a fraction of the energy of gravitationally accelerated flows to internal energy of the gas. Being the main gas-heating
agent, cosmological shocks could amplify magnetic fields and accelerate energetic particles via the multi-fluid plasma relaxation
processes. We first discuss the basic properties of standard single-fluid shocks. Cosmological plasma shocks are expected
to be collisionless. We then review the plasma processes responsible for the microscopic structure of collisionless shocks.
A tiny fraction of the particles crossing the shock is injected into the non-thermal energetic component that could get a
substantial part of the ram pressure power dissipated at the shock. The energetic particles penetrate deep into the shock
upstream producing an extended shock precursor. Scaling relations for postshock ion temperature and entropy as functions of
shock velocity in strong collisionless multi-fluid shocks are discussed. We show that the multi-fluid nature of collisionless
shocks results in excessive gas compression, energetic particle acceleration, precursor gas heating, magnetic field amplification
and non-thermal emission. Multi-fluid shocks provide a reduced gas entropy production and could also modify the observable
thermodynamic scaling relations for clusters of galaxies. 相似文献
660.
“Life” is an empirical concept whose various definitions and phenomenological characterizations depend on historical frameworks. Although analysis of existing literature suggests that attempts to define life will remain, at best, a work in progress, the history of biology shows that some efforts have been more fruitful than others. There is a major distinction between natural selection—which is clearly a defining trait of biology—and the changes that result from purely physical chemical evolution, which can be observed in nonbiological complex systems. Accordingly, it can be concluded that life cannot be understood without considering the presence of genetic material and Darwinian evolution. This shows the usefulness of the suggestion that life can be considered as a self-sustaining chemical system (i.e., one that turns environmental resources into its own building blocks) that is capable of undergoing natural selection. 相似文献