全模颤振风洞试验三索悬挂系统多体动力学分析

全模颤振风洞试验需要通过软支撑系统模拟飞行器的自由飞行状态并调整模型姿态达到配平状态。参考NASA双索悬挂方案,提出了一种两电机驱动的三索悬挂系统,利用后方两索的同向/反向联动实现模型俯仰和滚转姿态的调整,利用弹簧刚度以及钢绳张力设计实现支撑频率要求。基于柔性多体动力学方法,建立了包括飞行器刚体模型、柔性索、滑轮、弹簧、气动力模型、伺服电机控制在内的复杂系统动力学模型,其中,利用任意拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）变长度索单元描述钢绳,利用不约束物质坐标的索结点约束描述钢绳与滑轮相互作用,利用索结点物质输运速度约束描述伺服电机绞盘,利用飞行力学的气动力模型描述吹风下的气动力。基于该模型,通过小扰动响应辨识研究了弹簧刚度、钢绳张力、连接点位置等因素对支撑频率的影响规律,并分析了系统姿态调整能力,俯仰调整范围达到-12.5°~12.5°,滚转调整范围达到-45°~45°。采用滑轮处电位计测量的钢绳相对位移作为反馈信号,基于设计的控制律利用多体动力学求解器与Simulink对风洞吹风下的姿态调整过程进行仿真,模型达到配平状态,获得了吹风下的索拉力和伺服电机功率,为系统设计提供基础。     

大跨时空任务背景下的太阳能无人机任务规划技术研究进展

通过任务规划技术合理的优化太阳能无人机的飞行轨迹和动力学参数,能够有效提高太阳能无人机的能量利用率,使其胜任许多大范围跨时间跨空间飞行任务。从能量建模、续航评估和能量管理策略3个方面对大跨时空任务背景下太阳能无人机任务规划技术的研究进展进行了综述。在能量建模方面,介绍了当前主流的太阳辐射模型和能量生产基本框架;在续航评估方面,分析了目前的指标设计和应用方法;在能量管理策略方面,从能量综合应用、风力滑翔机制、轨迹优化方法和面向特定任务的应用4个角度,梳理了当前的研究现状。最后,对该领域未来可能的研究方向进行了展望。     

Using the radial basis function neural network to predict ionospheric critical frequency of F2 layer over Wuhan

Neural networks (NNs) have been applied to ionospheric predictions recently. This paper uses radial basis function neural network (RBF-NN) to forecast hourly values of the ionospheric F₂ layer critical frequency(f_oF₂), over Wuhan (30.5N, 114.3E), China. The false nearest neighbor method is used to determine the embedding dimension, and the principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce noise and dimension. The whole study is based on a sample of about 26,000 observations of f_oF₂ with 1-h time resolution, derived during the period from January 1981 to December 1983. The performance of RBF-NN is estimated by calculating the normalized root-mean-squared (NRMSE) error, and its results show that short-term predictions of f_oF₂ are improved.     

A high-performance ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility for life support system in space

Vegetable cultivation plays a crucial role in dietary supplements and psychosocial benefits of the crew during manned space flight. Here we developed a ground-based prototype of horn-type sequential vegetable production facility, named Horn-type Producer (HTP), which was capable of simulating the microgravity effect and the continuous cultivation of leaf–vegetables on root modules. The growth chamber of the facility had a volume of 0.12 m³, characterized by a three-stage space expansion with plant growth. The planting surface of 0.154 m² was comprised of six ring-shaped root modules with a fibrous ion-exchange resin substrate. Root modules were fastened to a central porous tube supplying water, and moved forward with plant growth. The total illuminated crop area of 0.567 m² was provided by a combination of red and white light emitting diodes on the internal surfaces. In tests with a 24-h photoperiod, the productivity of the HTP at 0.3 kW for lettuce achieved 254.3 g eatable biomass per week. Long-term operation of the HTP did not alter vegetable nutrition composition to any great extent. Furthermore, the efficiency of the HTP, based on the Q-criterion, was 7 × 10⁻⁴ g² m⁻³ J⁻¹. These results show that the HTP exhibited high productivity, stable quality, and good efficiency in the process of planting lettuce, indicative of an interesting design for space vegetable production.     

建设社会主义新农村视角下对河北省农民体育生活方式问题的研究

通过调整农村居民的生活行为以及价值观念,引导他们养成经常锻炼的习惯,从而形成一种健康的体育生活方式,提高生活质量。选取河北省廊坊、沧州、衡水、唐山、张家口、石家庄6个市2000名农村居民进行问卷调查。结果显示:体育消费水平不高,仅占总收入的2.53%;运动项目选择上以技术不高的慢跑占17.1%,长走13.7%,歌舞13.4%;体育锻炼活动的场所上以自家庭院占29.7%,选择田间、地头、街道路边占22.42%;活动形式上个人锻炼占36.1%,与村民结伙锻炼占26.3%;闲暇时间分配不均,参加体育活动仅占5.1%。     

紧缩场测试扫描架平面度控制系统研制

扫描架是紧缩场现场校准系统的关键测试设备。扫描架扫描平面度是影响校准准确度的关键指标。本文针对自研的扫描区域为φ6m的大型极化扫描架,设计了一套扫描架平面度实时补偿系统。该实时补偿系统可以实时检测扫描架扫描平面相对于基准平面的位置偏差,并通过伺服补偿机构完成补偿。测试结果表明该实时补偿系统可以准确、快速完成平面度的补偿,与半实时补偿方式相比具有更高的效率及精度。目前,该系统已成功应用于紧缩场现场校准。     

Survival and death of the haloarchaeon Natronorubrum strain HG-1 in a simulated martian environment

Halophilic archaea are of interest to astrobiology due to their survival capabilities in desiccated and high salt environments. The detection of remnants of salty pools on Mars stimulated investigations into the response of haloarchaea to martian conditions. Natronorubrum sp. strain HG-1 is an extremely halophilic archaeon with unusual metabolic pathways, growing on acetate and stimulated by tetrathionate. We exposed Natronorubrum strain HG-1 to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, similar to levels currently prevalent on Mars. In addition, the effects of low temperature (4, −20, and −80 °C), desiccation, and exposure to a Mars soil analogue from the Atacama desert on the viability of Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cultures were investigated. The results show that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive for more than several hours when exposed to UV radiation equivalent to that at the martian equator. Even when protected from UV radiation, viability is impaired by a combination of desiccation and low temperature. Desiccating Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cells when mixed with a Mars soil analogue impaired growth of the culture to below the detection limit. Overall, we conclude that Natronorubrum strain HG-1 cannot survive the environment currently present on Mars. Since other halophilic microorganisms were reported to survive simulated martian conditions, our results imply that survival capabilities are not necessarily shared between phylogenetically related species.     

差分卫星定位技术及其在武器系统中的应用

差分卫星定位系统可以极大地提高卫星定位的精度,但也有使用、维护复杂等缺点。针对差分卫星定位的特性,首先阐述了卫星差分定位的基本原理,分析了卫星定位误差源,并介绍了差分定位系统对各种误差的修正情况,然后介绍了差分定位系统的分类、方法及发展,其中详细介绍了在武器系统领域中应用较广的局域差分系统的各种方法及其优缺点;最后,对差分系统的实际应用进行了阐述,并重点探讨了其在进攻性武器及防御性武器领域实现应用的可行性。     

RNSS/INS深耦合高动态导航接收机测试方法研究CSCD

卫星导航和惯性导航采用深耦合方式实现导航作为世界上最先进的导航形式,在国防中的应用越来越广泛,但其在高动态下的性能需要验证。当前针对深耦合高动态下导航接收机的测试研究较少,本文介绍了基于卫星信号模拟器的测试系统组成及测试用高动态场景,运用模拟测试原理,通过对导航接收机在高动态下定位速度和跟踪灵敏度的测试及其结果分析,验证了导航接收机的深耦合功能,对此类接收机的测试方法进行了初步探究。