Study of the Enhancement Events of Relativistic Electron at the Geosynchronous Orbit

The high flux of energetic electron on geostationary orbit can induce many kinds of malfunction of the satellite there, within which the bulk-charging is the most significant that several broadcast satellite failures were confirmed to be due to this effect. The electron flux on geostationary orbit varies in a large range even up to three orders accompanied the passage of interplanetary magnetic cloud and the following geomagnetic disturbances. Upon the investigation of electron flux enhancement events, two types of events were partitioned as recurrent events and random ones. Both of the two kinds of events relate to the interplanetary conditions such as solar wind parameters, IMF etc and their evolution characters as well. As for the recurrent events, we found that, (1) all of the events exhibits periodic recurrence about 27 days, (2) significant increase of electron flux relates to interplanetary index and characters of their distribution, (3) the electron flux also has relation to solar activity index. An artificial neural network was constructed to estimate the flux I day ahead. The random electron flux enhancement events are rare and present different distribution figures to the recurrent ones. The figure of the random events and the conditions of their occurrence is also discussed in this paper.      

槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响

数值模拟了槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响.结果表明,在4种采用不同槽道宽度的叶片开槽流动控制方案中,槽道出口射流均能有效吹除叶片吸力面尾缘附面层气流,提高叶栅气动性能,并存在使叶栅性能提升最大的最佳槽道宽度;随着槽道宽度增大,槽道出口射流流量及其作用范围得到增大,但同时也增加了射流在槽道出口处的流动损失,限制了射流的作用效果,从而使大槽道宽度时的叶栅性能下降.      

特异意识状态：新的领域

日渐明显的是,许多特异意识状态(ASC)和相关问题可以进入科学探索的领域.许多这些主观的状态或现象原先被归类为本质上是宗教的或神秘主义的,因而作为非客观的、非物理性的或不属于普遍的观察而被排除于科学研究之外.这种态度正在改变.首先是因为主观——客观二分法的困境证明了意识的重要性;其次是因为技术的发展使得发现主观状态的生理相关性成为可能——例如,现在可以通过快速眼动和脑电图记录探查和监督做梦.作为这些进展的结果,先前的这些神秘主义主题正转向科学证实和探索的领域.     

惯性导航系统的控制理论方法

本文从控制理论的观点探讨了分析了惯性导航系统（ＩＮＳ），提出并了线性误差模型，计算了几种特殊情况下的特征值，表明推导特征值的准确表达式和通常采用的表达式稍有不同，分析了ＩＮＳ在静态初对准和标定过程中的可观测性，引入了基于物理本质的变换，能较容易地用检验新的动态矩阵来确定不可观测子空间及状态变量，最后提出了系统可观测性与估计量的特性之间的关系。     

New results for the space radiation environment of MIR space station obtained by Liulin dosimeter-radiometer. Comparison with LET spectrometer NAUSICAA

Since 1988 high sensitivity semiconductor dosimeter-radiometer “Liulin” worked on board of MIR space station. Device measured the absorbed dose rate and the flux of penetrating particles. The analysis of the data hows the following new results:

In October 1989 and after March 24, 1991, two additional stable maximums in flux channel were observed in the southern-eastern part of South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). These two maximums existed at least several months and seem to be due to trapped high energy electron and proton fluxes. In April 1991 additional maximums were localized in the following geographical coordinates regions: LATITUDE = (−35 °)–(−50 °) LONGITUDE = 332 ° − 16 ° and lat.(−46 °)–(−52 °) long. 360 ° − 60 °. Additional maximums diffusion occurs inside radiation belt. Appearance of these maximums seems to be closely connected with preceding powerful solar proton events and associated geomagnetic dynamics of new belt disturbances. After the series of solar proton events in June 1991 we observed significant enhancement of this new radiation belt formation. To achieve sufficient accuracy of dose rate predictions in low Earth orbits the structure and dynamics of new belt should be carefully analyzed to be included in a new environment model.

From the inter comparison of the data from “Liulin” and French developed tissue equivalent LET spectrometer NAUSICAA in the time period August–November 1992 we come to the following conclusions: Mainly there is good agreement between both data sets for absorbed dose in the region of SAA; Different situation of the instruments on the station can explain the cases when differences up to 2 times are observed; At high latitudes usually the tissue equivalent absorbed dose observations are 2 times larger than “Liulin” doses.     

Learning from Mir's mishaps

Problems on Mir during 1997 are reviewed and their impact on continued use of the station and long-term presence of American astronauts is explored. Changes in U.S.-Russian communication are noted.     

导弹性能和喷管/可延伸扩散段(EEC)设计变量之间的参数关系

1 引言在战略导弹系统容积受到限制的约束下,设计具有最高性能的发动机装入有效的外壳中,而同时又能满足系统设计和操纵的所有要求,包括载荷、重量和射程的要求,这个问题是很重要的。对导弹性能有很大影响的一个关键设计参数是发动机喷管的膨胀比。在容积有限的条件下,为了要做到大的喷管膨胀比,现实的设计方法是应用可延伸扩散段(EEC)~#。本     

电子战系统的接收装置

详细介绍了晶体视频放大接收机、布雷格小室接收机和照射告警接收机等6种电子战接收机的功用、主要性能和优缺点,给出了它们的比较结果.指出改善电子战接收机性能的主要途径是在现行方案中加装毫米波通道.最后讨论了告警接收机的三种可能的方案.