基于能量法的刷式密封刷丝颤振流固耦合研究

为了研究刷式密封刷丝颤振特性,采用能量法及双向流固耦合与动网格技术,建立了刷式密封刷丝颤振特性瞬态流固耦合求解模型,将数值模型结果与理论模型和实验结果分别进行验证;在此基础上,从非定常气动力做功角度分析刷丝的变形规律,研究了刷式密封结构参数对刷丝颤振特性的影响。结果表明:非定常气动力做功与刷丝变形运动随时间均呈振荡变化趋势;后挡板保护高度从2.1~3.6mm,刷丝长度从4.0~5.5mm以及刷丝直径从0.13~0.19mm非定常气动力做功减少,有利于抑制颤振的发生;刷丝间隙及刷丝束与后挡板轴向间隙的变化对刷丝颤振影响不大。     

低密度气凝胶复合材料的火星环境适应性研究

针对航天器的使用要求,研制了密度≤30 kg/m~3轻质高效的二氧化硅气凝胶复合材料。针对深空探测的应用环境,对低密度气凝胶复合材料在不同条件下的热导率、热循环、热真空和电离总剂量等环境试验进行测试。结果表明,低密度气凝胶复合材料服役温度可达到-145～85℃,在1 kPa CO_2气氛下热导率可达到6.6 mW/(m·K)。获得了不同气氛和不同温度条件下以及同种气氛、不同压力条件下低密度气凝胶复合材料的热导率变化规律,并测试批次性材料热导率,结果表明批次热导率稳定性良好。热循环、热真空和电离辐照试验前后热导率和尺寸收缩率均未变化,表明低密度气凝胶复合材料在深空环境下保持良好的结构和稳定的隔热性能。     

Hydrodynamic Approach to Modeling the Thermal Plasma Distribution around a Moving Charged Satellite

The electric field distribution around a charged satellite in a rarefied magnetospheric plasma influences greatly the densities and trajectories of particles measured by onboard instruments. The simulation of macroparameters of thermal plasma near the moving charged satellite, which is necessary for correction of experimental measurements, encounters considerable computational difficulties. In this work, two three-dimensional models of the electric field distribution around the satellite are considered under the conditions when the Debye length is comparable to the geometrical size of the spacecraft. In the first model a system of hydrodynamic equations of continuity and motion was used, which was solved jointly with the Poisson equation. In the second model the hydrodynamic equation of motion was used for analyzing the motion of large particles by means of the method of particles in a cell. The numerical algorithms and the results of calculations of the potential near the satellite, as well as the distributions of densities of electrons and ions and of volume charge, are considered. The results of test calculations for some situations in the ambient plasma are presented, and the influence of the spatial electric field distribution on the thermal plasma measurements is considered.     

IMF Direction Derived from Cycloid-Like Ion Distributions Observed by Mars Express

Although the Mars Express (MEX) does not carry a magnetometer, it is in principle possible to derive the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation from the three dimensional velocity distribution of pick-up ions measured by the Ion Mass Analyser (IMA) on board MEX because pick-up ions' orbits, in velocity phase space, are expected to gyrate around the IMF when the IMF is relatively uniform on a scale larger than the proton gyroradius. During bow shock outbound crossings, MEX often observed cycloid distributions (two dimensional partial ring distributions in velocity phase space) of protons in a narrow channel of the IMA detector (only one azimuth for many polar angles). We show two such examples. Three different methods are used to derive the IMF orientation from the observed cycloid distributions. One method is intuitive (intuitive method), while the others derive the minimum variance direction of the velocity vectors for the observed ring ions. These velocity vectors are selected either manually (manual method) or automatically using simple filters (automatic method). While the intuitive method and the manual method provide similar IMF orientations by which the observed cycloid distribution is well arranged into a partial circle (representing gyration) and constant parallel velocity, the automatic method failed to arrange the data to the degree of the manual method, yielding about a 30° offset in the estimated IMF direction. The uncertainty of the derived IMF orientation is strongly affected by the instrument resolution. The source population for these ring distributions is most likely newly ionized hydrogen atoms, which are picked up by the solar wind.     

基于CFD的某减速器飞溅润滑仿真分析与验证

为评估飞溅润滑减速器的储油结构是否合理,基于计算流体动力学方法,建立了包含机匣、螺旋锥齿轮等构件的某减速器飞溅润滑动态仿真模型,开展了气液两相流飞溅润滑流体仿真计算与分析,获得了减速器内部的滑油运动轨迹及分布云图。通过仿真分析可以发现:输入端油兜收集到的滑油量为531 mL,大于输出端收集到的滑油量65 mL;4号油兜收集到的滑油量为0 mL,结构设计存在不合理之处,并进行了飞溅润滑试验验证。仿真分析结果与试验结果的趋势一致,验证了仿真分析方法的准确性,为飞溅润滑减速器储油结构设计提供了指导。     

某型直升机动力学解决方案

动力学问题是某型直升机设计研制的技术关键,本文结合该型机从方案设计到工程研制的各个阶段,针对动力学问题的解决途径与实现情况进行了回顾,给出了设计分析、试验验证结果及其相关性。文中还结合球柔性旋翼和尾桨特有的动力学问题解决方案,分析、探讨解决方案中的得与失,提出了进一步改进的方向。     

气相色谱法测定偏二甲肼成分误差分析

气相色谱法测定偏二甲肼成分含量的过程中,人为因素、偏二甲肼的物理化学性能、色谱工作站参数设定等都会对测定的准确性产生影响。文章对各方面的影响因素进行了分析,并有针对性地提出了解决办法。     

基于DSP的ARINC429总线通讯的设计与实现

ARINC429规范是现代航空电子设备数字传输的一种标准,其与计算机之间的通讯越来越受到航空业的重视。研究了基于高性能的DSP芯片与飞控计算机CPU的数字通讯协议,并给出了ARINC429总线接口模块的实现框图。     

About one problem of trajectory optimization

The optimization problem for trajectories of spacecraft flight from the Earth to an asteroid is considered in this paper. The flight is realized in the central Newtonian gravitational field of the Sun with a possibility of gravitational maneuvers near planets. Perturbation maneuvers are taken into account using the method of point area of action with a limitation on the flyby altitude. The spacecraft is controlled by changing the value and direction of the engine thrust. The problem is solved taking into account constraints on the launch time, flight duration, and minimum distance to the Sun.     

Life support systems and optimal isotope composition in cosmonaut habitats for long-term missions.

Differences in the isotope content of the biogenous chemicals of cosmonaut habitats are given a theoretical consideration. Rationale is given to the hypothesis according to which the biochemical and biophysical processes in plants. animals, and humans must be impacted by the isotopes of all the biogenous chemicals in cosmonaut habitats. Organisms were found to persistently make preference of lighter fractions of stable isotopes from the biogenous chemicals. In most of the compounds the light fraction of stable isotopes constitutes the greater portion by mass. However, the optimal isotope composition of biogenous chemicals is still unknown and necessitates biochemical, toxicological, biological and other kinds of research. The functions of a life support system should also include production and maintenance of an optimal isotope composition for habitats, i.e. water, oxygen, food stuffs in order to improve metabolism in and performance of cosmonauts.