Improved strapdown coning algorithms

Three improved algorithms for strapdown attitude computation utilizing accumulated gyro increments from the previous and current update are developed and evaluated analytically under classical coning motion. The error criterion of Miller is derived directly from the rotation vector concept. The accuracy of updating rotation vector estimation can be improved at least two orders of magnitude as compared with those of conventional algorithms. The proposed algorithm is equivalent to increasing the number of gyro samples used in the conventional method and it requires less computer loading     

Modification of the SAR step transform algorithm

When the basic step transform algorithm is used to compress synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) signals in azimuth, the linear FM rate and sampling rate must satisfy certain tight constraints. In practice, these constraints cannot be satisfied and errors are introduced into the compressed SAR image. A modification is described of the basic step transform which incorporates interpolation and resampling into the algorithm. These changes allow the removal of the constraints and make the step transform more useful for the compression of real data. An autofocusing capability is also included, without introducing much additional complexity     

异种金属材料磁脉冲焊接技术

通过对磁脉冲焊接技术结合机理的阐述,采用5A03Al-5A06Al、1050Al-AZ31Mg异种金属材料进行焊接试验.对所得的焊接接头进行气密性试验和剥离试验,检测其结合质量;结合光学显微镜,对比分析Al-Al、Al-Mg焊接接头的微观形貌特点;并采用SEM/EDS分析界面附近的元素分布;最后通过硬度试验,检测接头界...     

皖南机床数控龙门铣床用途与特点

黄山皖南机床生产的数控龙门铣床主要用于各种模具制造、各种基础大件、壳体件等多品种零件的加工,工件一次装夹后可自动高效、高精度地连续完成铣、镗、铰、攻丝等多种工序的加工.适用于汽车模具、重型机械、机车、造船、发电、机床、印刷、轻纺、航空航天等制造行业,配备多功能铣头后,可对工作进行五面体加工,以及对各种复杂型面进行三坐标加工.该机床主要有以下特点.     

火箭发动机超声速过膨胀射流气动噪声特性研究

采用大涡模拟LES方法计算了火箭发动机超声速过膨胀射流形态及近场声压分布,研究了入口温度与环境温度的比值(温度比)对声场的影响;将声源分解,基于Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings (FW-H)方程获取了不同位置噪声源的远场噪声,并根据声压级频谱和湍流形态分析了超声速射流噪声的产生机理。研究表明,超声速过膨胀射流气动噪声由湍流混合噪声和宽频激波噪声组成,近场噪声源以马赫波形式向大方位角辐射中高频噪声,下游大尺度湍流向低方位角范围辐射低频噪声,声压级峰值频率随观测角度增大而升高;随温度比升高,马赫波辐射角度增大,噪声指向性发生改变。该研究可为运载火箭发动机地面试车或火箭发射段声学环境设计提供参考。     

Empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the Earth’s outer radiation belt at altitudes of up to 1000 km

An empirical model of the high-latitude boundary of the outer Earth’s radiation belt (ERB) has been presented, which is based on the measurement data of electron fluxes on the polar low-orbit CORONAS-Photon, Meteor-M1, and Meteor-M2 satellites. The boundary was determined by a sharp decrease to the background level of the flux of trapped electrons with energies of 100 or 200 keV in the polar part of the profile of the outer radiation belt. A numerical algorithm has been implemented to determine the time moment, when the fastest flux changes are recorded. The primary search was carried out, first, on 30 s averaged data, then repeated on data with a higher resolution. A functional dependence was obtained in order to approximate the obtained set of intersections of the boundary by elliptical curve. The empirical model constructed using the CORONAS-Photon measurement data in the epoch of anomalously low geomagnetic activity reflects the longitude structure of the high-latitude boundary of the outer radiation belt associated with the internal Earth’s magnetic field (MF), as well as its dependence on the universal time. Based on the data of intersections of the high-latitude boundary of the outer ERB (OERB) in the epoch of 2014–2016, the latitudinal shift of the boundary to the equator dependent on geomagnetic activity has been determined, as well as the nightside shift of the boundary due to the diurnal rotation of the Earth.     

Optimization of imperfect stiffened cylinders under destabilizing loads

A design procedure is outlined for optimizing stiffened, thin circular, cylindrical shells subject to a given set of destabilizing loads, in the presence of a specified initial geometric imperfection. The procedure incorporates two distinct steps (a) optimization based on linear buckling analyses and (b) imperfection sensitivity studies of the optimum design point from (a) as well as of the surrounding design space. A comparison of all these designs yield the true optimum in the presence of the specified geometric imperfection. The present methodology is fully demonstrated through two illustrative examples, one dealing with an axially loaded stiffened cylinder and one with a torsionally loaded one.     

Leadership in space transportation

Rather than aiming at overall preemenence in space, as in the past, it is important for the USA now to specify goals and objectives for its space programme. In the space transportation market, the USA faces long-term competition. Planned properly, the Space Shuttle, Space Station and transfer stages can be used as a unique transport system, forcing other suppliers to compete on US terms. Such a total transport service system could also include ELV support. In entering into international space agreements, the government must take into account the objective of maintaining the competitiveness of the US commercial sector.     

石墨渗铜喉衬的烧蚀特性

介绍了石墨渗铜材料作为固体火箭发动机(SRM)喉衬与．长尾管衬套的烧蚀特性和机理。液态铜在高温高压燃气的作用下仍滞留在石墨基材内，起到抑制烧蚀的效果，改善了KS-8高强石墨的耐烧蚀性能。