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951.
A.H. Manson C.E. Meek M. Massebeuf J.L. Fellous W.G. Elford R.A. Vincent R.L. Craig R.G. Roper S. Avery B.B. Balsley G.J. Fraser M.J. Smith R.R. Clark S. Kato T. Tsuda A. Ebel 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(7):135-144
During the last decade a large number of radars (~12) have been developed, which have produced substantial quantities of tidally-corrected mean winds data. The distribution of the radars is not global, but many areas are well covered: the Americas with Poker Flat (65°N), Saskatoon (52°N), Durham (43°N), Atlanta (34°N), Puerto Rico (18°N); Europe with Kiruna (68°), Garchy (47°N) and Monpazier (44°N); and Oceania with Christchurch (44°S), Adelaide (35°S), Townsville (20°S), and Kyoto (35°N). Zonal and meridional wind height-time cross-sections from km (MF/Meteor Radar) to ~110 km have been prepared for the last 5–6 years. They are compared with cross-sections from CIRA-72 for zonal winds, and Groves (1969) for meridional winds.It is shown that while CIRA-72 is still a useful model for many purposes, significant differences exist between it and the new radar data. The latter demonstrate important seasonal, latitudinal, longitudinal and hemispheric variations. The new meridional cross-sections are of great value. The common features with Groves (1969) are the equatorward cells in summer near 85 km; however their strength (~10 ms?1) and size are less. Systematic and somewhat different variations emerge at higher (?52°N) and middle (35–44°) latitudes. 相似文献
952.
Y.B. Acharya A. Jayaraman B.H. Subbaraya 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1985,5(1):65-68
A balloon borne multichannel photometer for measurement of atmospheric scattering in the near ultraviolet and the visible wavelength regions has been developed at the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad for study of the size distribution and number density of aerosols at tropospheric and lower stratospheric altitudes. The instrumentation involves tracking the sun in elevation and scanning in azimuth. The payload was recently flown on a 100 kg. balloon from the Hyderabad Balloon Facility on 18 April 1984. The balloon reached a float altitude of 35 km and good quality data has been obtained from an altitude of 6 km upto float altitude. Data analysis is still in progress. The present paper details the instrument design and presents a few illustrations of the instrument performance from this flight. 相似文献
953.
L. McDonald L.K. Harra-Murnion J.L. Culhane R.A. Schwartz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1997,20(12):2327-2331
Most solar flare observations show that intense hard X-ray bursts come from large flares that have a large GOES classification (large peak 1 – 8 Å flux). This correlation, known as the “Big Flare Syndrome”, suggests that more intense flares tend to have harder spectra. We have observed 7 flares that are exceptions to this. These flares have small GOES classifications ranging from B1.4 to C5.5 and peak hard X-ray count rates similar to those often observed from M class flares. This paper examines the cause of this anomoly using the Yohkoh Soft X-Ray Telescope, Hard X-Ray Telescope, and Bragg Crystal Spectrometer. Two hypotheses are proposed for the exceptions: (1) flares with multiple magnetic loops and common footpoints, producing multiple hard X-ray emission regions and low density thermal plasma distributed over a large volume, and (2) high densities in the magnetic loops restricting the propagation of the non-thermal electrons in the loop after magnetic reconnection has occurred and suppressing chromospheric evaporation. Two of the flares support the first hypothesis. The other flares either have data missing or are too small to be properly analysed by the Yohkoh instruments. 相似文献
954.
O A Gusev A I Golubev 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2001,28(4):613-615
We report the results from two years of laboratory observations of the tide-associated rhythms of activity of White Sea intertidal invertebrates, Mya arenaria (Bivalvia) and Gammarus finmarchicus (Amphipoda). The tidal associated activity of these invertebrates could not be estimate as a clear circatidal clock. Gammarus activity could be phase shifted by a 0.5 h exposure to turbulent water twice a day for 2-3 days. Mya's rhythm could be changed by a single drainage of aquariums lasting about 15 min. This kind of timing system may be a relatively primitive evolution feature. 相似文献
955.
M Casolino V Bidoli E De Grandis M P De Pascale G Furano A Morselli L Narici P Picozza E Reali R Sparvoli A Galper M Korotkov Y Ozerov A Popov G Mazzenga M Ricci G Castellini S Avdeev M Boezio W Bonvicini A Vacchi N Zampa P Spillantini P Carlson C Fuglesang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,31(1):135-140
In this work we present preliminary results of nuclear composition measurements on board space station MIR obtained with SILEYE-2 particle telescope. SILEYE-2 was placed on MIR in 1997 and has been working since then. It consists of an array of 6 active silicon strip detectors which allow nuclear and energetic identification of cosmic rays in the energy range between approximately 30 and 200 MeV/n. The device is attached to an helmet and connected to an eye mask which shields the cosmonaut eyes from light and allow studies of the Light Flashes (LF) phenomenon. In addition to the study of the causes of LF, the device is used to perform real time long term radiation environment monitoring inside the MIR, performing measurements in solar quiet and active days. 相似文献
956.
H.S. Sawant J.A.C.F. Neri F.C.R. Fernandes J.R. Cecatto M.R. Sankararaman C. Faria S. Stephany R.R. Rosa M.C. Andrade E.M.B. Alonso E. Lüdke K.R. Subramanian R. Ramesh M.S. Sundararajan S. Ananthakrishnan G. Swarup J.W.V. Boas L.C.L. Botti C.E. Moron J.H. Saito 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,32(12):2715-2720
We present the technical characteristics of a low-cost radio telescope for solar/non solar observations at decimetric (1200–1700 MHz) and centimetric (2700 and 5000 MHz) wavelengths known as Brazilian Decimetric Array (BDA). The technical specifications of the antenna, tracking system, log-periodic feed, preamplifier and the frequency-synthesised receiver with a Single Side Band (SSB) video output of 2.5 MHz are given. 相似文献
957.
958.
Nonlinear filtering methods application in INS alignment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dmitriyev S.P. Stepanov O.A. Shepel S.V. 《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1997,33(1):260-272
The problem of course alignment of inertial navigation systems is considered. Error equations of nonlinear character have been obtained at a considerable level of a priori course uncertainty. The algorithm for solving the problem of optimal estimation of the state vector described by nonlinear equations from linear measurements has been developed for the analysis of a potential alignment accuracy with the piecewise-Gaussian approximation of a posteriori density used. The results of the study of efficiency of various suboptimal alignment algorithms obtained by the use of the software developed are presented and discussed. 相似文献
959.
A method is proposed that enables one to accomplish semipassive attitude stabilization of a spacecraft moving in a circular Keplerian orbit in the geomagnetic field. The method is developed on the basis of the electrodynamic effect of the influence of the Lorentz forces acting on the charged spacecraft's surface. It possesses advantages such as control law simplicity, reliability, cost efficiency, small mass, and the possibility of using the basic control system components not only for attitude stabilization of a spacecraft but also for ensuring its electrostatic radiation screening. The possibility of implementing the method for slightly inclined orbits is proved analytically. Two versions of implementation of the method are proposed. The calculations confirmed the possibility of using also these versions for orbits whose inclinations are not small. The advantages of each version are revealed and practical recommendations for their utilization are given. 相似文献
960.
Based on the data obtained in simultaneous measurements on the Helios-1 and Helios-2 spacecraft, the properties of the spatial and temporal invariance of spectra of protons with energies more than 4 MeV and electrons with energies more than 0.3 MeV are studied during the phase of intensity decay in events initiated by the following associations: a flare—coronal mass ejection—coronal and interplanetary shock waves. Emphasis is placed on research into the fluxes of electrons, whose possibility to be accelerated by shock waves is problematic. It is shown that the spectra and decay times of both protons and electrons are approximately invariant relative to the flare coordinates in a wide angular range. Depending on the western or eastern spacecraft position in relation to the front part of a shock wave, one observes a delay or advance of the onset of the invariant mode relative to the shock wave arrival, which increases with the growth of the corresponding angular distance. 相似文献