大型航天器SGCMG系统的奇异性分析研究

应用单框架控制力矩陀螺系统（SGCMG）是大型航天器姿控系统较为理想的选择，但是该系统存在严重的奇异现象，增加了操纵律的设计与开发的难度。文章从奇异性分析的角度对单杠架控制力矩陀螺系统的奇异状态进行了研究，提出了奇异可回避性的判别方法，并据此对SGCMG系统奇异状态进行了系统的分类，针对常用的各种构形的SGCMG系统进行了讨论。     

直接不交化方法在故障树定量分析中的应用

在布尔集合运算方法和不交化方法基础上，提出了单调关联故障树系统定量分析优化方法，通过故障树定量分析优化方法，可以方便地得到系统的可靠度、不可靠度、最小割集、最小路集、关键重要度等指标。     

应用分力合成方法提高系统性能指标的研究

提出了将柔性结构的分力合成主动振动抑制方法和反馈控制律结合使用来提高柔性结构控制系统性能指标的方法。应用该方法仅需要知道闭环系统及柔性振动的频率及阻尼，而且可以同时抑制任意多个振动模态（包括控制器引起的振动，柔性振动及其他形式的振动），分力合成方法对频率及阻尼的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性，使该方法易于工程实现，文章针对单柔性杆，将分力合成主动振动抑制方法和反馈控制相结合，设计了不同形式的大角度机动控制律，数值仿真和试验结果充分验证了方法的有效性。     

防静电白色热控涂层的空间环境性能试验

通过在氧化锌晶格中掺入重金属离子，得到具有防静电功能的白色颜料，再以丙烯酸树脂为粘合剂制备出空间飞行器外表面用的ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层；研究了空间环境效应（包括紫外辐照，电子和质子辐照）对该热控涂层太阳吸收率的影响并与有机硅白色热控涂层进行了比较，地面模拟空间环境试验研究结果证明，ACR－1防静电白色热控涂层具有良好的空间稳定性。     

柱面菲涅耳太阳聚光透镜的光学设计和光学效率

研究了柱面线聚焦菲涅耳太阳聚光透镜的光学设计和光学效率。依据理论分析，对透镜参数进行了优化设计，成功地研制出了柱面线聚焦菲涅耳聚光透镜。还分析了透镜相对孔径（F数）和成型模具等因素对透镜光学效率的影响。     

环路热管内工质流动特性的研究

由于环路热管（LHP）具有高传热性能、远距离传输热量、优良的控温特性和管路的可任意弯曲、安装方便等特点，使LHP在航天热控领域有着广泛的应用前景。文章对LHP内工质的流动压力降进行了分析和计算；对毛细芯所能提供的最大蒸发传热能力进行了预测，并结合实验研究综合分析了毛细芯结构对LHP性能的影响。     

Why Raman spectroscopy on Mars?--a case of the right tool for the right job

We provide a scientific rationale for the astrobiological investigation of Mars. We suggest that, given practical constraints, the most promising locations for the search for former life on Mars are palaeolake craters and the evaporite deposits that may reside within them. We suggest that Raman spectroscopy offers a promising tool for the detection of evidence of former (or extant) biota on Mars. In particular, we highlight the detection of hopanoids as long-lived bacterial cell wall products and photosynthetic pigments as the most promising targets. We further suggest that Raman spectroscopy as a fibre optic-based instrument lends itself to flexible planetary deployment.     

Influence of ionic inorganic solutes on self-assembly and polymerization processes related to early forms of life: implications for a prebiotic aqueous medium

A commonly accepted view is that life began in a marine environment, which would imply the presence of inorganic ions such as Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+. We have investigated two processes relevant to the origin of life--membrane self-assembly and RNA polymerization--and established that both are adversely affected by ionic solute concentrations much lower than those of contemporary oceans. In particular, monocarboxylic acid vesicles, which are plausible models of primitive membrane systems, are completely disrupted by low concentrations of divalent cations, such as magnesium and calcium, and by high sodium chloride concentrations as well. Similarly, a nonenzymatic, nontemplated polymerization of activated RNA monomers in ice/eutectic phases (in a solution of low initial ionic strength) yields oligomers with > 80% of the original monomers incorporated, but polymerization in initially higher ionic strength aqueous solutions is markedly inhibited. These observations suggest that cellular life may not have begun in a marine environment because the abundance of ionic inorganic solutes would have significantly inhibited the chemical and physical processes that lead to self-assembly of more complex molecular systems.     

Eye light flashes on the Mir space station

The phenomenon of light flashes (LF) in eyes for people in space has been investigated onboard Mir. Data on particles hitting the eye have been collected with the SilEye detectors, and correlated with human observations. It is found that a nucleus in the radiation environment of Mir has roughly a 1% probability to cause an LF, whereas the proton probability is almost three orders of magnitude less. As a function of LET, the LF probability increases above 10 keV/micrometer, reaching about 5% at around 50 keV/micrometer.     

MEDES clinical research facility as a tool to prepare ISSA space flights

This new multi-disciplinary medical experimentation center provides the ideal scientific, medical and technical environment required for research programs and to prepare international space station Alpha (ISSA) missions, where space and healthcare industries can share their expertise. Different models are available to simulate space flight effects (bed-rest, confinement,...). This is of particular interest for research in Human psychology, physiology, physiopathology and ergonomics, validation of biomedical materials and procedures, testing of drugs, and other healthcare related products. This clinical research facility (CRF) provides valuable services in various fields of Human research requiring healthy volunteers. CRF is widely accessible to national and international, scientific, medical and industrial organisations. Furthermore, users have at their disposal the multi-disciplinary skills of MEDES staff and all MEDES partners on a single site.