深腐蚀声表面波谐振器长期老化的改善

最近,深腐蚀声表面波谐振器的长期性能表明,在老化方面取得引人注目的改善是可能的。我们以前报导过关于这种器件的长期老化率为1×10~(-8)/日。该数据还不能证明老化率随时间递减的特性。由于对表面加工、清洗和后来对再污染的控制有了很大改进,以及重新设计了腐蚀系统,因而,目前的声表面波谐振器在60℃时的老化率大约为2.8×10~(-9)/日。此外,这些器件的Q值在160兆赫时,大于50000。经130天后,频率漂移曲线仍在渐近地减少。根据目前的性能,实现1×10~(-9)/日或更小的极限老化率看来是可能的。     

现代毫米波系统频率稳定度的要求

自从毫米波固态器件问世以来,人们日益感兴趣于采用它们来组成各种体积小、重量轻的先进电子系统。特别是应用于雷达收发设备、高速数据传递系统、保密通信网、大气层和深空飞行器等场合。毫米波的优点是频带较宽,天线增益较高、元件尺寸较小以及窃听和干扰的可能性较小等。同时毫米波也有一些固有的缺点。研究雷达系统的关键参数后可以发现,在该系统领域内,振荡器稳定性问题尚未能像其它问题那样引起人们足够注意。用标准锁相技术降低相位噪声要比提高发射功率、天线增益或改进接收机噪声系统等,更能从本质上改善雷达的性能。     

显示断裂模式的新断口学技术

发展了一种新的断口学技术用来检验在低周疲劳试验中材料的断口,材料取自一个蒸汽涡轮转子的内径区域。用户早期报废了这个铬-钼-钒钢锻造的转子,它成为在威斯汀豪斯公司研究发展中心进行的一项主要研究计划的组成部分(RP502),这项工作得到了电力研究院的赞助。新技术的要点在于对断口进行加热染色,根据不同颜色来清楚地鉴别断口上不同部位的不同断裂机制。 缩孔缺陷仍旧是银白色,条带型疲劳变成棕色,韧性断口是兰色,解理断口从金黄色到紫色。有可能推断出转子试样中裂纹萌生与扩     

用于火箭发动机的凯夫拉纤维和玻璃纤维缠绕复合材料的表征

为了表征当前火箭发动机工业中常用的一些壳体复合材料特性,我们做了大量的工作。本文介绍了工作的结果,并且特别注意到了这样一个事实,即这些纤维缠绕材料是在固化炉中固化的,与“飞机”型在热压釜中固化的铺层方法比较,此方法对材料的力学性能会有影响。本文涉及到的所有试样都是从纤维缠绕的样品中取得的。 本研究的目的是评价和鉴定具有当前水平的表征试验方法:测定纤维取向的作用、试验方法和温度对性能的影响;表征复合材料有限元分析中用的所有正交各向异性弹性常数的特性;建立测预和实测性能间的关系;确定今后努力的方向。 我们对四种材料系统进行了表征,它们是:凯夫拉49、涂复有DC-20松粘剂的凯夫拉49、S-2玻璃和341型S-2玻璃布。环氧系统是“刚性”酸酐双酚A环氧,其杨氏模量为2827MPa。凯夫拉试样的准备工作有一些困难,为了获得合适的样品,不得不采用优于高压水喷射或传统机加的激光切割,但在切割涂复有松粘剂的凯夫拉时仍有问题,因为这种材料的层间强度很低。 板片状和环向缠绕环的拉伸试验给出了相当的数据,而且获得了与纤维取向有关的刚性变化和传统叠层理论二者之间极好的相关性。对用各种剪切方法获得的数据进行了比较,它表明与轴线成10°的叠层较之环向缠绕管状试样,其剪切模量高,但剪切     

基于置信度的TOF与双目系统深度数据融合

为了解决铁路火车等结构单一环境的三维重建问题,提出了置信度的概念,将TOF系统与双目系统的互补性特点有效结合。通过联合标定,建立起TOF系统与双目系统的坐标关系,将TOF中的点映射到左相机视角下,得出双目系统左相机视角下的TOF测量视差图,再利用图像分割以及曲面拟合对其上采样处理至双目图像的分辨率大小。根据各系统特点定义置信度,确定数据融合的不同系统权重。利用Middlebury的数据集处理结果,融合后的匹配精度较双目系统精度提高一倍以上,且视差图的分辨率提升至与双目系统相同大小。      

Laser Hardening of Metals

The first experiments on hardening metals by laserpeening induced residual compressive stress in the sur-face of metals for improving their resistance to cracking,stress corrosion and fatigue took place more than 30years ago. However, only today, with the development ofhigh-intensity pulse repetitive rate lasers, this methodstarts to compete to traditional peening, which use influ-ence of small metal balls.Laser peening uses pulses with high intensity 109￣1010 W/cm2 [1]. The laser energy abso…     

Pc5 Oscillation Analysis by the Satellite and Ground-Based Data

Large amplitude Pc5 event was observed in the space and on ground on August 3, 2001, about three hours after contact of the strong discontinuity in the solar wind with the magnetosphere according to data from ACE and Wind satellites. The Pc5 amplitude was as high as 15 nT in the tail of magnetosphere and about 5 nT at the ground based stations. In the magnetosphere Pc5 waves were observed by Cluster and Polar satellites, which occupied positions in the morning part of the near tail at the close field lines but were parted by distance of 11.5 Re, mainly along the x-axis of the GSM coordinate system. Both compressional and transverse components of the Pc5 wave activity were observed in the space, with the transverse component having the larger amplitude. Time delay between the Cluster and Polar satellites was about 8 minutes, which could be interpreted as a wave propagation from the geomagnetic tail to the Earth with the 150 km/s group velocity. The ground-based Pc5 activity was analysed by using data from the Image magnetometer network. Doubtless demonstrations of a field line resonant structure were found in variations of amplitude and polarization with latitude. Finnish chain of search coil magnetometers observed modulated Pc1 emission simultaneously with the Pc5 wave train. A possibility of non-linear impact of Pc5 wave energy on the plasma and waves in the magnetosphere is discussed.     

The Main Results and the Perspectives in the Researches at SSRT

In this report briefly presented the contemporary state of the experimental base of Radio Astrophysical Observatory (RAO) of the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP), the methodology of radioheliographic monitoring of the solar corona, the SSRT database, the RAO Web-pages, factors limiting the effective use of SSRT. Here are formulated the original results of the basic directions of the solar activity researches and the problems solutions on SSRT: (1) active regions at various development stages, morphology, modeling,signs of energy accumulation and flares buildup, forecast of powerful flares; (2) scenario, topology and the fine temporal picture of flares development, signs of primary energy release, radio emission mechanisms, scatter effects of radio emission in turbulent corona, energetic particles fluxes; (3) filaments; (4) CME with the localization of their initiation at the solar disk background, development scenario of filament activation + CME +flare; (5) coronal holes, and (6) bright coronal points.