离子推进器C/C复合材料栅极研究

栅极是离子推进器的关键部件之一,直接影响推进器的可靠性和寿命。由于C/C复合材料栅极具有比较小的热膨胀系数和较强的耐溅射性,可以提高离子推进器的可靠性并延长其寿命。文章通过调研综述C/C复合材料栅极的研究和应用发展状况,针对目前我国离子推进器的研究发展水平,提出开展C/C复合材料栅极研究工作的初步思路。     

Numerical Simulation of Characteristics of CEX Ions in Ion Thruster Optical System

Charge exchange(CEX) ions could inflict severe damages on the ion thruster optical system. This article is aimed at investigating the characteristics of the CEX ions and their influences upon the optical system by means of particle-in- cell(PIC) ion simulation and Monte Carlo collision(MCC) methods. The results from numerical simulation indicate that despite the fact that CEX ions appear in the entire beamlet region near the ion optical system, the ones that present themselves downstream of the accelerator grid have good reason for attracting more attention. As their trajectories are significantly affected by the local electric field, a great number of CEX ions are accelerated toward grids resulting in sputtering erosion. When the influences of the CEX ions are considered in the numerical simulation, there could hardly be observed augments in the screen grid current, but the accelerator grid current increases from zero to 1. 4% of the beamlet current. It can be understood from the numerical simulation that the CEX ions formed in the region far downstream of the accelerator grid should be blamed for the erosion on the downstream surface of the accelerator grid.     

HIGH TEMPERATURE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF FSJ JOINTED REGION FOR 7022ALUMINUM ALLOY

The Hopkinson pressure bar tests for base metal and friction stir jointing（FSJ） jointed region of 7022 a- luminum alloy are carried out at different temperatures and strain rates. The temperature is 30--400 ℃ and the strain rate is 1 200-5 000 s 1. High strain rate for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy are studied. The corresponding stress-strain curves are obtained. The results show that the flow stresses of base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy decline with the increase of temperature and increase with the in- crease of strain rate. Furthermore, the constitutive equation for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 alumi- num alloy at high temperature and high strain rate is obtained based on Johnson-Cook model.     

基于改进遗传算法的选择性拆卸序列规划

选择性拆卸序列规划(SDSP)是民用飞机维修规划的一个重要内容,也是在设计阶段对民用飞机产品维修性的评估。为了能以较高的效率求解出产品拆卸序列的方案,首先根据拆卸特点构建了产品拆卸混合图模型。该模型描述了零部件之间的连接关系和优先关系,然后通过对目标零件的分析产生选择性拆卸零件集合。在此基础上建立目标函数并利用基于二叉树的遗传算法的计算速度和灵活性等特点对目标零件拆卸序列进行优化。最后,通过一个实例,验证了文中方法的可行性及优化算法的有效性。     

Gurney襟翼在某型靶机上的应用

通过改变Gurney襟翼的高度,在风洞中研究了Gurney襟翼对某型靶机气动特性的影响.实验中襟翼高度为0.83%c~4.2％c(c为靶机机翼根弦长).无侧滑时Gurney襟翼可以在中小攻角下增加靶机的升力,使靶机最大升阻比对应的攻角提前.除4.2％c襟翼外,其余高度的襟翼在中小攻角下可以提高靶机的升阻比和最大升阻比.有侧滑时,在纵向上Gurney襟翼对靶机气动特性的影响和无侧滑时类似,但在横航向上,随着襟翼高度的增加,滚转力矩增加,偏航力矩则在襟翼高度为0.83%c~3.3％c时增加,而襟翼高度为4.2％c时急剧降低.Gurney襟翼对靶机气动特性的影响存在最佳高度,实验发现在襟翼高度为1.7％c时,能够在靶机力矩变化较小的情况下,提高飞机的升力和最大升阻比.     

氙离子推力器束流双荷离子特性及诊断

为了对离子推力器束流中双荷离子比例进行快速评估,采用放电室经验理论模型通过实验参数获得放电室等离子体参数,根据单、双荷氙离子的不同产生过程,计算得到束流中双/单荷离子密度比.针对兰州空间技术物理研究所20cm氙离子推力器进行了实验,使用E×B探针束流诊断系统获取了束流中双/单荷离子的平均比率.结果表明:在额定工况下理论计算值为0.071与测试结果为0.077符合良好.      

整体叶盘磨粒流加工仿真与试验研究

针对航空发动机扩压器整体叶盘内流道表面加工成本高和效率低的问题,提出采用磨粒流加工方法。通过建立有无上压盖及引流芯模的流道仿真模型,对比分析了两种模型下仿真流场的分布规律。在此基础上,对工件的夹具结构进行了改进并利用该夹具对扩压器整体叶盘内流道表面进行了磨粒流光整加工试验。结果表明:增加上压盖及引流芯模结构后,有效改善了整体叶盘大端和小端处的局部流场,解决了加工效果不一致和锐边被磨料冲蚀的问题,加工后流道表面粗糙度降低了0.6μm,表面质量得到了进一步提高。     

离子推力器变孔径栅极方案数值研究

为了改善发散场离子推力器束流均匀性,提出与放电室等离子体密度和电子温度分布相匹配的变孔径栅极设计方案。采用粒子云网格法(PIC)和蒙特卡洛碰撞(MCC)结合的数值计算方法(PIC/MCC)对变孔径设计方案进行仿真,并与现有设计仿真结果进行对比,分析两种设计不同分区电势、离子密度和束流平直度等参数特性。计算结果表明,相对于现有设计,变孔径设计栅极中心区域轴向电场强度变小,鞍点电势绝对值降低1.8V,离子聚焦点内移,离子密度降低,束径变小;边缘区域电场强度增大,聚焦点外移,离子密度提高,束径增大。引出束流发散角变小,平直度由原来的0.41提升至0.57,离子推力器可靠性得到有效提高。