2DPIV视场布置方案研究

针对大迎角旋涡三维分离流动空间速度场的测量,介绍了一种能够减小2DPIV实验透视误差的视场布置方案,并将该方案应用于大迎角前体非对称涡流动二涡区截面流场的研究中,比较SPIV和2DPIV同步测量结果的差异。实验结果表明,该视场布置方案能够将2DPIV所摄截面旋涡区速度分量u、v的透视误差由原来的14%、18%减小至5%以内(相对于来流风速V∞)。该视场布置方案可将2DPIV测量旋涡涡心的位置误差控制在流场结构空间分辨率的范围之内。     

Biomass-Derived Nitrogen and Sulfur Co-Doped 3D Carbon Networks with Interconnected Meso-Microporous Structure for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Three-dimensional(3D)carbon networks have been explored as promising capacitive materials thanks to their unique structural features such as large ion-accessible surface area and interconnected porous networks,thus enhancing both ions and electrons transport.Here,sustainable bacterial cellulose(BC)is used both precursor and template for facile synthesis of free-standing N,S-codoped 3Dcarbon networks(a-NSC)by the pyrolysis and activation of polyrhodanine coated BC.The synthesized a-NSC shows highly conductive interconnected porous networks(24S·cm~(-1)),large surface area(1 420m~2·g~(-1))with hierarchical meso-microporosity,and high-level heteroatoms codoping(N:3.1%in atom,S:3.2%in atom).Benefitting from these,a-NSC as binder-free electrode exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 340F·g~(-1)(24μF·cm~(-2))at the current density of 0.5A·g~(-1)in 6MKOH electrolyte,high-rate capability(71%at 20A·g~(-1))and excellent cycle stability.Furthermore,the assembled symmetrical supercapacitor displays a much short time constant of 0.35sin 1MTEABF4/AN electrolyte,obtaining a maximum energy density of 32.1W·h·kg~(-1 )at power density of 637W·kg~(-1).The in situ multi-heteroatoms doping enables biocellulose-derived carbon networks to exploit its full potentials in energy storage applications,which can be extended to other dimensional carbon nanostructures.     

舰载无人机横侧向着舰控制律设计

舰载无人机横侧向控制一直是着舰控制律设计的难点。为了解决着舰横侧向控制的难题,针对舰载无人机的非线性模型采用了反演控制器设计方法,为解决传统反演的计算膨胀问题,引入了指令滤波方法,同时只设计了一个Lyapunov函数证明了稳定性;由于舰载机动力学模型不能精确获得,采用了自适应方法对其进行估计。设计的横侧向着舰控制器,能较好地解决横侧向控制器设计过程中的耦合问题,并且和传统PID进行了仿真对比,证明了所设计的控制律满足了对参考信号跟踪的性能要求。     

对长期飞行任务中航天员医学防护问题的思考

通过对国外航天医学发展的分析,结合我国载人航天发展实际,综述长期飞行任务中失重、辐射等因素对人体的影响,从医学监测和失重生理效应防护技术角度对行星际航天飞行任务中保障航天员的健康安全提出建议,为我国航天事业未来发展提供参考.     

聚束式SAR中卷积反投影算法的快速实现

对应用于聚束式合成孔径雷达 (SAR) 成像中的卷积反投影 (CBP) 算法进行了详细研究,提出了一种基于傅里叶变换的快速实现方法,使得CBP算法的计算量得到明显降低.在传统的CBP算法中,反投影过程中的重采样通过插值实现,因而所需的插值数量巨大,导致运算效率低下.研究了图像像素之间隐含的相对位置关系之后,本文采用一系列快速傅里叶变换 (FFT)来实现反投影过程中的重采样,避免了运算量巨大的插值过程,故提高了运算效率.仿真结果证明了新算法的可行性和有效性.相比于传统的CBP算法,新算法可以提高大约85%的运算效率.由于FFT适用于并行处理,新方法在实时处理SAR系统中有一定的应用价值.     

飞机的控制能力分析方法研究

引入飞机控制能力的概念,以描述飞机在执行器出现故障时,舵面仍能提供控制力和力矩,保证飞机一定飞行品质要求的能力;提出用有限控制量分配的方法进行飞机控制能力分析,给出一种加权序列二次规划的有限控制量分配方法,从而保证在控制量分配时,可以满足设计者限定不同操纵效率器作用的主观要求,实例计算表明所提方法具有可行性。     

软件FMEA实例研究

软件FMEA(失效模式和影响分析)是硬件或系统FMEA的扩展,并应用于安全关键软件的鉴定,但是,目前缺乏应用经验。本文阐述了SFMEA的原理、实施过程和要点,提出了适用于某嵌入式软件的失效模式及原因,对失效模式的影响进行了严酷度等级分类,给出了对该软件实施SFMEA的过程和结果。结果表明了SFMEA的有效性和实用性。     

Virtual Reality-based Teleoperation with Robustness Against Modeling Errors

This article investigates virtual reality (VR)-based teleoperation with robustness against modeling errors. VR technology is an effective way to overcome the large time delay during space robot teleoperation. However, it depends highly on the accuracy of model. Model errors between the virtual and real environment exist inevitably. The existing way to deal with the problem is by means of either model matching or robot compliance control. As distinct from the existing methods, this article tries to combine model matching and robot compliance control. On one hand, the status of the virtual robot is corrected by using the position sensor data from robot joints before and during teleoperation, and the pose of the virtually manipulated object is obtained with visual recognition technology. On the other hand, compliance control algorithms of impedance control based on joint torque sensors and hybrid position/force control based on a wrist sensor have been executed in order to eliminate the small sustaining model errors. A VR-based teleoperation system of satellite on-orbit self-serving is built up. In order to verify the proposed method, an experiment deploying the solar panel troubled by malfunction is carried out through teleoperation. It shows that the large model errors are removed with the model matching method and the adopted compliance control is robust against the remaining small model errors.     

卫星编队飞行相对轨道主被动结合测量方案研究

针对军用编队飞行卫星系统相对轨道测量隐蔽性要求，提出一种具有隐蔽性的主被动结合相对位置及速度测量方案，该方案采取激光测距仪间断工作的方式以减少向外界辐射能量。应用扩展kalman滤波算法，对编队卫星间相对位置及速度进行估计，并且采用计算可观测度方法对系统可观测性进行分析。滤波计算及可观测性分析结果表明该方案满足一定测量精度，验证了该方案的有效性，使该方案具有工程应用价值。