基于灰色系统理论的软件可靠性综合评价框架

从系统工程的角度出发,提出一套完整的基于灰色系统理论的软件可靠性综合评价框架.首先,在ISO/IEC 9126软件质量模型的基础上,建立起软件可靠性综合评价体系,并利用灰关联分析方法计算每个度量元与软件可靠性之间的相关程度,由此确定度量元在评价体系中的权重值.在此基础上,提出基于灰色聚类的软件可靠性综合评价方法.初步的实验结果表明,基于灰色系统理论的软件可靠性综合评价框架具有方便实用、全寿命周期评价、数据来源广泛、且可准确反映当前软件可靠性指标水平等优点,适合于软件可靠性工程决策活动.      

电磁阀动态响应特性的有限元仿真与优化设计

 利用有限元分析软件Maxwell 2D/3D计算电磁阀的动态响应特性,仿真出其工作电流曲线和磁化曲线,并进行变参数化设计,由此可实现对电磁阀设计方案的评估和优化。通过对比仿真结果和产品实测数据,证明了这种有限元设计方法行之有效。     

一种高距离分辨低截获概率雷达信号性能分析

首先分析步进频率雷达信号实现高分辨率的优缺点,在此基础上设计了一种改进的步进频率信号-参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号,然后分析了该信号的处理过程.与步进频率信号在高速目标下成像失真相比,参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号的多普勒性能有了很明显的改善.最后分析了参差脉冲重复间隔步进频率信号的低截获概率特性.     

A Cosmic Microscope to Probe the Universe from Present to Cosmic Dawn:Dual-element Lowfrequency Space VLBI Observatory

A space-based Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) program, named as the Cosmic Microscope, is proposed to involve dual VLBI telescopes in the space working together with giant ground-based telescopes (e.g., Square Kilometre Array, FAST, Arecibo) to image the low radio frequency Universe with the purpose of unraveling the compact structure of cosmic constituents including supermassive black holes and binaries, pulsars, astronomical masers and the underlying source, and exoplanets amongst others. The operational frequency bands are 30, 74, 330 and 1670 MHz, supporting broad science areas. The mission plans to launch two 30-m-diameter radio telescopes into 2 000 km×90 000 km elliptical orbits. The two telescopes can work in flexibly diverse modes. (i) Space-ground VLBI. The maximum space-ground baseline length is about 100 000 km; it provides a high-dynamic-range imaging capacity with unprecedented high resolutions at low frequencies (0.3 mas at 1.67 GHz and 20 mas at 30 MHz) enabling studies of exoplanets and supermassive black hole binaries (which emit nanoHz gravitational waves). (ii) Space-space single-baseline VLBI. This unique baseline enables the detection of flaring hydroxyl masers, and more precise position measurement of pulsars and radio transients at mas level. (iii) Single dish mode, where each telescope can be used to monitor transient bursts and rapidly trigger follow-up VLBI observations. The large space telescope will also contribute in measuring and constraining the total angular power spectrum from the Epoch of Reionization. In short, the Cosmic Microscope offers astronomers the opportunity to conduct novel, frontier science.      

高室压脉冲推力器冷流实验

为了检验高室压脉冲推力器的设计并了解其工作特性,进行了冷流实验.可移动喷注器的动态密封采用O型圈结构,推进剂的流动通道既能保证充填时推进剂的流通,又能保证挤压时不会有回流.实验表明密封效果良好,摩擦力大小符合设计要求,冷流下推力器仍可脉冲工作,可移动喷注器能够实现增压的目的.      

微阵列射流冲击肋化表面传热特性研究

本文以去离子水为工质,对微阵列射流冲击光滑和肋化表面的传热特性进行了实验研究,并以光滑表面传热性能为基准,讨论了肋化表面强化因子(ε)变化规律。实验结果表明：(1) 浸没和自由射流的传热系数均受无量纲射流距离(H/d)影响;提高射流Re数和减小无量纲孔间距(S/d)都能够增强换热。(2)浸没射流ε受H/d影响大,而自由射流ε基本不受H/d影响;两种射流方式的ε都随Re数增大,且渐趋于一个常数。(3)对流热阻在各种射流情况下均随流量不断下降,但下降趋势逐渐平缓,当流量大到一定时,热阻基本不再降低。     

一种自由曲面视觉测量三维数据拼接方法

提出一种利用标志点构建全局测量控制点的视觉测量三维数据拼接方法.在被测自由曲面上粘贴标志点,并在被测区域放置基线尺,采用1台数码相机在不同视点拍摄标记点和基线尺图像,由此求解数码相机在不同视点的坐标系变换关系.在此基础上,根据立体视觉模型确定标志点三维坐标,转换到全局坐标系下,形成全局测量控制点.视觉传感器在不同位置对各局部区域进行三维扫描,获得局部区域内标志点在局部测量坐标系下的坐标,通过至少3个非共线标志点解算局部坐标系到全局坐标系的变换,从而将实现局部三维数据的拼接.该方法操作简便,适合现场使用.实验结果表明, x,y,z 坐标的拼接误差分别为0.03mm,0.02mm,0.07mm.     

Exponential Time-varying Sliding Mode Control for Large Angle Attitude Eigenaxis Maneuver of Rigid Spacecraft

An eigenaxis maneuver strategy with global robustness is studied for large angle attitude maneuver of rigid spacecraft. A sliding mode attitude control algorithm with an exponential time-varying sliding surface is designed, which guarantees the sliding mode occurrence at the beginning and eliminates the reaching phase of time-invariant sliding mode control. The proposed control law is global robust against matched external disturbances and system uncertainties, and ensures the eigenaxis rotation in the presence of disturbances and parametric uncertainties. The stability of the control law and the existence of global siding mode are proved by Lyapunov method. Furthermore, the system states can be fully predicted by the analytical solution of state equations, which indicates that the attitude error does not exhibit any overshoots and the system has a good dynamic response. A control torque command regulator is introduced to ensure the eigenaxis rotation under the actuator saturation. Finally, a numerical simulation is employed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed control law.     

微吹减阻技术影响因素的数值模拟

以NASA格伦中心的PN3和PN23型微孔壁板为原形建立"1排微孔"、"4排微孔"、"8排微孔"和"16排微孔"4种计算模型,针对不同的几何、物理参数进行了微吹技术MBT(Micro-Blowing Technique)降低平板摩擦阻力的数值模拟参数研究.结果显示:微量吹气使主流边界层近壁面流动减速,从而改变了壁面局部摩擦力的分布;不同几何、物理参数对MBT技术减阻能力的影响满足一定的规律.参数研究的结果可为该技术的减阻应用提供一定的指导.     

在轨地球同步卫星自主工程测控研究

地球同步卫星在轨工程测控任务通常由地面测控系统完成. 随着技术水平的发展, 如果在轨地球同步卫星能够实现自主工程测控, 将大大减轻地面测控系统负担, 提高卫星独自生存能力, 降低系统运行成本, 并将成为卫星测控技术新的发展方向. 本文提出卫星自主在轨测控方案, 研究了当前地球同步卫星在轨工程测控的主要项目及实现算法. 对其进行的可行性分析表明, 尽管受到轨道测量能力的制约, 在轨地球同步卫星仍可实现完全或地面有限参与情况下的自主工程测控. 在此基础上, 设计了一种地球同步在轨卫星完全自主工程测控的原理方案, 通过分析其技术难点及存在的风险, 提出应对措施. 研究结果表明, 基于目前卫星制造水平和成熟的在轨测控技术, 实现在轨地球同步卫星自主工程测控技术可行, 其是解决卫星数量急剧增加与地面测控能力有限这一突出矛盾的有效途径.