γ辐照对铷频标物理部分参数影响的研究

通过γ辐照试验,分析了辐照对铷频标物理部分各项参数的影响。辐照后,振荡回路的电流变化对频标准确度的影响可忽略不计;光电二极管受辐照后会使短期稳定度变差,辐照剂量率小于1 400 rad（Si）/h,不会对频标的短稳性能产生显著影响;控温电路受辐照后会引起控温点移动,从而改变频率准确度。     

倾转旋翼机小速度前飞的尾迹涡演化及其对平尾的影响

采用基于运动嵌套网格的CFD方法计算了倾转旋翼机直升机状态和过渡状态下的流场,研究了在小速度前飞下的尾迹涡演化和其对平尾气动力的影响。直升机状态下,前飞速度≤4 m/s时,旋翼尾迹主要在机翼附近,与机翼干扰形成喷泉效应,但对平尾无影响。随着前飞速度增大,喷泉效应与自由来流的综合作用形成喷泉涡,喷泉涡产生于机翼上表面,呈流向涡形式向下游输运,从平尾上方通过。前飞速度进一步增大（≥16 m/s）,产生于桨盘边缘的旋翼尾迹侧缘涡开始增强,从平尾侧边通过,并在平尾附近的流动中占据主导地位。喷泉涡和侧缘涡均在平尾处产生上洗流动,使平尾产生低头力矩。从直升机状态到固定翼状态,旋翼尾迹侧缘涡逐渐减弱,对平尾的影响也减弱。     

基于形貌优化法的无轴承开关磁阻电机减振降噪

脉振的径向电磁力作为激励源作用于12/8极单绕组宽转子齿无轴承开关磁阻电机（Bearingless switched reluctance motor with wider rotor teeth,BSRMWR）的定子齿面并传送至定子轭部及机壳,会引发较大的振动噪声,阻碍其推广应用。针对这一问题,本文从本体结构的角度入手对电机壳体进行优化改进。采用三维多物理场有限元模型,建立了BSRMWR电磁-结构-振动-声场耦合模型。通过对BSRMWR电磁场进行瞬态分析,得到径向电磁力。将模态应变能方法应用于BSRMWR的壳体得到电机外壳结构有较大的应变能,说明电机壳体结构的薄弱。基于此,通过形貌优化的方法对电机的壳体结构进行优化。结果表明,采用形貌优化后机壳结构的BSRMWR,其振动和噪声均有显著改善。     

超高速干气密封扰流效应及抑扰机制

干气密封在高速时优异的动压性能使其应用范围从传统的压缩机、离心机等中高速设备逐渐扩大到航空发动机、（微型）燃气轮机等超高速设备中。基于实际超高速工况特点,对转速范围为10 000~120 000 r/min时的干气密封性能进行了系统性仿真计算,结果发现：在一定几何参数和工况参数下,类似于气浮轴承的微振动现象,干气密封会出现疑似受气体压力波动流影响的开启力、泄漏量与转速非正相关变化的扰流现象,尤其在高压、大膜厚、小槽深时的扰流效应愈加显著;在转速持续增大过程中,干气密封微尺度流场会出现二次拐点现象,且一次拐点发生转速与设计参数有关,而二次拐点发生转速基本约为90 000 r/min。同时结合导流织构的设计思路,进一步研究了超高速下干气密封槽底导流织构的驱动导流效应,结果表明：加设导流织构后,承载效果明显提高,拐点发生工况延后且压力波动区域被压缩。表明导流织构具有良好的抑制扰流、维持开启力与转速持续正相关的作用,在此基础上,进一步阐释了导流织构的抑扰机制,以期为突破干气密封在超高速工况下的应用壁垒提供新思路。     

一种开关磁阻电机无位置传感器控制效率优化策略

针对开关磁阻电机(SRM)的简化磁链法只能实现单相导通运行且导通区间固定的缺点,提出了一种结合固定关断角和自适应调节开通角的无位置传感器控制技术。利用曲线拟合关断位置磁链取代传统存储数据表,通过对比实时计算的动态磁链和曲线拟合的静态磁链,确定关断位置信号并估计转速和其他位置。考虑电机阻抗和电感的非线性特点,优化电感最小区域的开通角自调节模型确定导通区间。仿真结果验证了该方案的可行性和正确性,能够实现转子位置的间接检测,电机的运行效率得到进一步优化。     

烧蚀后C-SiC复合材料隔离段内激波串长度预测

为了研究畸变气流影响下烧蚀后的C-SiC复合材料隔离段内激波串长度预测问题,设计了能够模拟进气道喉道流场畸变的隔离段直连台,并开展了马赫数2.5和3.5来流的两种不同烧蚀程度的C-SiC复合材料隔离段直连实验,获得了有效的纹影和压力数据,结合实验和理论分析,采用无量纲不平度hs/Dhy来表征烧蚀后C-SiC隔离段内壁面严重不规则粗糙特征,尝试在Waltrup公式中增加包含无量纲不平度的因子(1+4hs/Dhy),以此形成新的公式来预测烧蚀后C-SiC隔离段内激波串长度,预测精度较原来公式大幅提高,按照10%的误差带分析,修正后的Waltrup公式预测精度提高了33.3%。     

基于STM32F429的全向运动平台的运动控制

全向运动平台系统是可以实现人体在各个方位行走的2D运动平台。针对实现人体在全向运动平台稳定行走的运动控制,采用加入观测器的一阶控制算法对平台运动控制进行探究。先通过MATLAB软件进行算法的仿真,验证方法的可行性;再通过现场测试,验证控制算法的有效性。最终试验表明,加入观测器的一阶控制算法可对全向运动平台实现有效的运动控制。此运动控制策略的探究为全向运动平台的运动控制提供了一种可行的控制思路和方案。     

Dynamics and de-spin control of massive target by single tethered space tug

This paper investigates the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target by a single tethered space tug in the post-capture phase. The dynamic model of the tethered system is derived and simplified to a dimensionless form. Further, a decoupled PD controller is proposed, and the local stability of the controller is analyzed by linearization technique. Parametric studies of the dynamics and de-spin control of a massive target are conducted to characterize the dynamic process of de-spin with the proposed control law. It is shown that the massive target can be de-span by a single and small space tug with limited thrust within finite time. The thrust tangent with the tether de-spins the target while the thrust normal to the tether prevents the tether from winding up the target. The tether length has a positive contribution to the de-spin of a target. The longer tether leads to a faster de-spin process.     

Containment of soft wall casing wrapped with Kevlar fabric

Aramid fabrics have been commonly used in the civil turbofan engine fan blade containment system for its excellent performance. To investigate the behavior and capability of soft wall containment casing, a series of fan blade released tests were conducted on the high-speed spin tester.The soft wall casing was fabricated by wrapping multiple layers of Kevlar49 plain woven fabric around a thin steel ring. Casings with different inner metal ring and outer fabric layers number were compared. The method of using the explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA to establish the finite element analysis model for the quantitative analysis of the containment process was developed and conducted. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. It is shown that the containment process of the soft wall casing can be divided into three impact stages. The casing with low-stiffness inner metal ring will get severe overall deformation and lose the structural integrity when it suffers the blade impact. Kevlar fabric layers will appear large bulge on outside surface and absorb the most impact dynamic energy of the high speed released fan blade. By summing up the results of the test and simulation, an empirical critical equation was derived to describe the relationship between the released blade dynamic energy and the Kevlar fabric thickness.     

Six sigma robust design optimization for thermal protection system of hypersonic vehicles based on successive response surface method

Lightweight design is important for the Thermal Protection System(TPS) of hypersonic vehicles in that it protects the inner structure from severe heating environment. However, due to the existence of uncertainties in material properties and geometry, it is imperative to incorporate uncertainty analysis into the design optimization to obtain reliable results. In this paper, a six sigma robust design optimization based on Successive Response Surface Method(SRSM) is established for the TPS to improve the reliability and robustness with considering the uncertainties. The uncertain parameters related to material properties and thicknesses of insulation layers are considered and characterized by random variables following normal distributions. By employing SRSM, the values of objective function and constraints are approximated by the response surfaces to reduce computational cost. The optimization is an iterative process with response surfaces updating to find the true optimal solution. The optimization of the nose cone of hypersonic vehicle cabin is provided as an example to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.