GNSS carrier phase ambiguity resolution based on integrity restriction in ambiguity domain

Carrier phase ambiguity resolution of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a key technology for high-precision navigation and positioning, and it is a challenge for applications which require both high accuracy and high integrity. This paper proposes efficient ambiguity resolution methods based on integrity restriction using Fixed Failure rate Ratio Test (FF-RT) and Doubly Non-central F-distribution Ratio Test (DNF-RT), and derives the related processing models and numerical algorithms compared with the traditional Ratio Test (RT) method. Firstly, the integer ambiguity resolution and validation procedures, especially the Least squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) estimation and RT validation are analyzed. Then the quality evaluation using success rate, the FF-RT method using Integer Aperture (IA) estimation and the NDF-RT method are proposed. Lastly, the simulation and analysis for LAMBDA using RT, FF-RT and DNF-RT methods are performed. Simulation results show that in case of unbiased scenario FF-RT and DNF-RT have similar performances, which are significantly better than RT. In case of biased scenario it is difficult for FF-RT to predict the biased success rate thus it should not be used for bias detection, while DNF-RT can detect biases in most cases except for the biases are approximate or equal to integer, which has the important benefit for early detection of potential threat to the position solution.     

空间相机隔振系统的优化方法

为了减小卫星发射和在轨阶段的振动对空间相机成像品质的影响,文章对空间相机隔振系统的建模和优化方法进行了研究。使用复刚度模型表示隔振器,用拉格朗日方法建立系统动力学方程。选用了系统质心位置的加速度和转角的均方根值作为目标函数,采用多目标优化算法NSGA-Ⅱ在随机振动条件下对隔振系统的进行优化。优化结果给出了隔振系统的刚度系数和耗散系数的最优解集。根据某空间遥感器的实例计算出一组最优隔振器参数,验证了这种优化方法的可行性。这个最优解的集合可以作为隔振系统结构选型和初始设计的输入条件,提高隔振器前期优化设计的效率和计算的准确性。     

航天器环境试验基线与剪裁技术:第三部分 试验基线剪裁

文章介绍了航天器环境试验基线剪裁的原理、剪裁要求和剪裁流程,分析了航天器风险特点、试验基线剪裁的依据和对象,研究了剪裁总要求、对通用试验要求标准和对具体型号试验要求文件的剪裁、以及剪裁的风险,讨论了国外试验基线剪裁示例。     

一种基于ZigBee无线网络项目教学平台的构建

针对高职"通信技术课程"教学的需要,设计一种基于Zig Bee无线网络项目教学平台,采用CC2530射频芯片。教学平台研发包括三部分,硬件环境的设计,软件环境的搭建,教学项目资源的开发,教学平台应用于实践教学中可以提高学生工程开发能力。     

火星进入段纵向脱敏局限性分析与三自由度脱敏设计

针对火星进入段制导存在的“进入状态偏差”问题进行脱敏轨迹设计研究,以增强制导鲁棒特性,提升末端状态精度。首先分析倾侧角反转逻辑对弱机动能力航天器制导精度的影响,结果表明, 存在倾侧角调整性能约束时,反转逻辑会引起末端状态偏差并使系统对进入状态偏差敏感度上升,当制导采用现有纵向脱敏方法时其影响尤为突出,会导致严重失效问题;然后在解决敏感度传播奇异问题的基础上提出三自由度脱敏设计。其主要思路是轨迹优化中采用三自由度动力学方程,而敏感度罚项仍由纵向敏感度传播方程得出。蒙特卡洛仿真结果表明本文方法对进入状态偏差具有显著增强的鲁棒性能。     

火星探测任务对环境模拟技术的需求展望

火星探测是深空探测的重点领域,任务特点决定了火星探测器发射前必须在地面进行各种验证试验。随着火星探测任务的持续深入开展将对环境模拟技术提出新的需求。文章在回顾了人类火星探测的历程之后,展望了未来火星探测任务的可能形式,分析了各种环境的地面模拟方法、试验技术所遇到的新挑战,并给出了建议。     

低轨导航增强卫星星座设计

针对目前全球低轨卫星快速发展的现状,对低轨导航增强卫星星座设计方法进行了详细的研究。首先推导了轨道高度与可视球冠的关系,结合太空垃圾分布,从覆盖范围、经济性及碰撞风险几方面联合确定了轨道高度。然后推导了用户仰角与轨道倾角的关系,分析了实现南北极点覆盖的轨道倾角。接着结合铱星星座,推导出单一星座构型无法实现全球范围内均匀的可见星和精度衰减因子（Dilution of Precision,DOP）值分布。最后提出了一种组合低轨卫星星座设计方法。结果表明,该方法设计的组合星座在实现全球覆盖的同时,能够实现可见星数量与DOP值在全球范围内的均匀分布。     

共轴刚性旋翼直升机旋翼控制相位角问题分析

利用共轴刚性旋翼直升机飞行动力学模型,以XH-59A共轴刚性旋翼直升机为研究对象,分析了旋翼控制相位角对纵向配平特性、需用功率以及上、下旋翼桨毂弯矩的影响。基于分析结果,提出了一种针对共轴刚性旋翼直升机的旋翼控制相位角的配置方法。该配置方法以降低直升机需用功率为目标,并保证上、下旋翼桨毂弯矩和配平特性满足要求。通过该方法能使XH-59A直升机在0~80 m/s的飞行速度范围内满足上、下旋翼最大桨毂弯矩和纵向操纵限幅的要求,并且能最多降低8%的直升机需用功率,为共轴刚性旋翼直升机的设计提供了参考依据。     

基于残余应力的激光冲击强化参数多目标优化

为了获取镍基高温合金GH4169激光冲击强化(Laser Shock Peening,LSP)过程中最佳工艺参数,利用ABAQUS/EXPLICIT软件,对搭接率、光斑尺寸、峰值压力和脉冲宽度4个关键工艺参数对残余应力的影响规律进行了研究。以最大残余拉应力、表面平均残余压应力及残余压应力层深度为优化目标,采用径向基神经网络代理模型(Radial Basis Function,RBF)和遗传算法(GA)(包括快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)、相邻培养式遗传算法(NCGA)、自适应变异遗传算法(AMGA))相结合的方法对这4个工艺参数进行了多目标优化研究,得到了最优的工艺参数。结果表明,采用AMGA所得的表面平均残余压应力绝对值比NSGA-II所得高22.9MPa,比NCGA所得高59.4MPa。优化后最大残余拉应力降低了6.99%,表面平均残余压应力提高了9.78%,表明了优化方法的有效性。     

Detailed analysis of dynamic evolution of three Active Regions at the photospheric level before flare and CME occurrence

We present a combined analysis of the applications of the weighted horizontal magnetic gradient (denoted as ${\mathit{WG}}_M$ in Korsós et al. (2015)) method and the magnetic helicity tool (Berger and Field, 1984) employed for three active regions (ARs), namely NOAA AR 11261, AR 11283 and AR 11429. We analysed the time series of photospheric data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory taken between August 2011 and March 2012. During this period the three ARs produced a series of flares (eight M- and six X-class) and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). AR 11261 had four M-class flares and one of them was accompanied by a fast CME. AR 11283 had similar activities with two M- and two X-class flares, but only with a slow CME. Finally, AR 11429 was the most powerful of the three ARs as it hosted five compact and large solar flare and CME eruptions. For applying the ${\mathit{WG}}_M$ method we employed the Debrecen sunspot data catalogue, and, for estimating the magnetic helicity at photospheric level we used the Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP’s) vector magnetograms from SDO/HMI (Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager). We followed the evolution of the components of the ${\mathit{WG}}_M$ and the magnetic helicity before the flare and CME occurrences. We found a unique and mutually shared behaviour, called the U-shaped pattern, of the weighted distance component of ${\mathit{WG}}_M$ and of the shearing component of the helicity flux before the flare and CME eruptions. This common pattern is associated with the decreasing-receding phases yet reported only known to be a necessary feature prior to solar flare eruption(s) but found now at the same time in the evolution of the shearing helicity flux. This result leads to the conclusions that (i) the shearing motion of photospheric magnetic field may be a key driver for solar eruption in addition to the flux emerging process, and that (ii) the found decreasing-approaching pattern in the evolution of shearing helicity flux may be another precursor indicator for improving the forecasting of solar eruptions.