Two-Way-Coupling Method for Rapid Aerothermoelastic Analyses of Hypersonic Wings

Several types of coupling methods for resolving aerothermoelastic problems associated with hypersonic wings are summarized,and the appropriate coupling methods for engineering calculations are selected.Then,the calculation and analysis methods for the subdisciplines in this field are introduced,and the time step issue is discussed.A two-way-coupling rapid static aerothermoelastic method for analyzing hypersonic wings is proposed.This method considers thermal effects and is used to conduct an aerothermoelastic response analysis for a hypersonic wing.In addition,the aerodynamic force,heat flux,structural deformation and temperature field are obtained.The following three conclusions are drawn.First,the heating effect has a significant impact on the static aeroelastic response of hypersonic wings;therefore,thermal protection shields are essential.Second,the application of thermal protection shields reduces the differences in the calculation results between the one-and two-way-coupling methods.Third,hypersonic wings exhibit large thermal deformation under high-temperature environments,and in certain cases,the thermal deformation is even larger than the deformation caused by aerodynamic force.     

Modeling and Optimal Design of Planar Linkage Mechanism of Coupled Joint Clearances for Manufacturing

The uncertainty of the mechanism motion error is mostly caused by the manufacturing process,so the motion error cannot be effectively predicted at the design phase.The problems of manufacturing complexity and the relationship between design and manufacturing are analyzed,and the influence of dimensional tolerance and fit tolerance on the motion accuracy of the system is considered in the design process.Then based on the Monte Carlo simulation,an optimal design model of planar linkage mechanism is set up.A typical offset slider-crank mechanism is used as an illustrative example to carry out the optimal design.Compared with the result of typical robustness design,the similar variation characteristics of the mean value and the standard deviation can be found,so the proposed method is effective.The method is furthermore applied in the optimization of the schemes with different fit tolerances and the prediction of motion errors in the design phase is achieved.A set of quantitative evaluation system for mechanism optimal design is provided.Finally,a basic strategy is presented to balance the motion precision and manufacturing cost.     

航天器视场遮挡分析方法研究

敏感器视场遮挡分析是航天器构型布局设计的重要组成部分,针对大型在轨变构型航天器敏感器视场遮挡分析工作量大、出错率高、遮挡率无法量化等特点,本文提出一种基于敏感器第一视角的视场遮挡快速分析方法。该方法通过设置第一视角图像蒙版及图像映射,模拟方锥形、圆锥形、球形等各类敏感器视场,通过逐个像素比对,计算视场遮挡率和遮挡方位。使用此方法建立了空间站敏感器视场遮挡分析系统,结果表明新方法能够显著提高视场遮挡分析效率和准确率,并且为机构类部件运动过程对敏感器视场遮挡的分析提供了有效工具。     

SiO32-浓度对KMnO4/FeSO4工艺除磷过程的影响

考察了天然水体中常见的SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的影响。SiO_3~(2-)存在时KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷的效能随着溶液pH的升高呈现先增加后降低的趋势。SiO_3~(2-)浓度为1.0 mmol/L,溶液pH值为4～6时,SiO_3~(2-)可促进KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别增加了6.0%,9.9%和6.3%;溶液pH值为7～9时,SiO_3~(2-)可显著抑制KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺除磷的效能,KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺对磷的去除效果分别降低了14.76%,32.6%和17.3%。KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物表面ζ电位显著降低,溶液中残余铁的量明显提高。另外,水中SiO_3~(2-)对KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺形成的絮体颗粒物的组成和表面特征均有一定影响。该研究为KMnO_4/FeSO_4工艺混凝除磷技术的推广提供了必要的理论基础。     

针对旋翼流场模拟的自适应网格算法

针对基于格心格式求解器的旋翼流场模拟,提出了相应的自适应笛卡尔网格的数据存储结构及自适应算法。给出了相应的单元处理策略,简化了对自适应笛卡尔网格的处理;对于频繁的自适应加密过程中产生的大量重复点,采用了高效的交替数字树算法(Alternating digital tree,ADT)予以删除;对于自适应疏化过程中产生的大量无用点,提出了标记-删除-移动(Mark,delete,move,MDM)算法予以快速地删除,减少了不必要的计算资源消耗。对CaradonnaTung旋翼在不同悬停状态下进行了模拟验证,对比了压力分布系数与桨尖涡位置。之后对HELISHAPE 7A旋翼在前飞情况下进行了模拟验证,计算值与实验值吻合。此外,求解器对桨尖涡的捕捉效果得到了明显的提高,表明本文方法具有良好的有效性与鲁棒性。     

四旋翼倾转飞行器操纵冗余设计

建立了四旋翼倾转飞行器旋翼、机翼、机身的非线性气动模型和飞行动力学模型,并在Matlab/Simulink环境下搭建了仿真模型,根据仿真模型计算各个操纵面的操纵效率,确定了不同状态下各个通道需要用到的操纵方式,结合飞行动力学模型和操纵方式,在纵向通道上进行了全包线的配平计算,表明了操纵策略的可行性。     

稀缺国际客运航权资源优化配置

为了合理配置国际航权资源,避免稀缺客运航权资源的恶性争夺,首次提出了国际客运航权资源优化配置问题,并构建了一个混合整数规划模型。该模型在旅客始发地-终到地（Origin-destination, OD）分布已知的基础上,针对两国多通航点的国际航权资源分配需求,以旅客出行总里程最小为目标,并综合考虑国际枢纽机场地位、航空公司的竞争力水平和市场份额。以国际航权资源、航空公司运营能力和航班客座率等为约束条件,将稀缺的航班资源合理分配给国内的航空公司和国际机场。然后设计了遗传算法求解该问题,并分别采用CPLEX和遗传算法进行算例实验,验证了模型的正确性和算法的有效性。最后针对中法两国间的航权资源分配进行了实际应用。     

特征自适应的飞机大型蒙皮曲面测量系统与测量规划

针对飞机蒙皮零件外形准确度要求高、制造尺寸大和外形复杂的特点,以及人工手动扫描测量工作量大、效率低的问题,搭建了基于移动机械臂的柔性测量系统,并提出一种特征自适应的多站位自动化扫描规划方法,以实现飞机大型蒙皮曲面的三维测量数据自动化采集。首先构建了柔性测量系统与待测对象坐标系变换模型,分析扫描规划与执行过程中数据的传递关系,并通过视觉定位实现系统相对位姿估计。然后通过特征敏感的扫描路径点生成、效率优化的扫描站位规划以及扫描轨迹规划,实现了基于扫描效率和扫描完整性约束的特征自适应扫描规划。最后,搭建了一个基于机械臂与移动平台的柔性测量系统,并以4个真实飞机零部件作为测量对象,从扫描效率与扫描完整性方面对所提出的自动化扫描方法与手动扫描方法进行对比,并设计试验进一步验证了系统测量精度,结果验证了所提方法替代手动扫描测量方法的可行性。     

抗战语境下“赞助人”对翻译活动的操纵——以钱歌川的译介活动为例

1937至1945年抗战时期的抗战语境对我国的翻译实践产生了很大的影响。本文从赞助人的视角剖析Andre Lefevere的操纵论对抗战时期我国译介活动的影响和操纵,指出赞助人对翻译活动有其推动作用。也分析其对翻译过度操纵的局限性,以及翻译研究不应忽视对翻译本体的认知与把握。     

PARAMETER ANALYSIS ON CIRCULATION CONTROLLED CIRCULAR CYLINDER FOR NOTARTM TAIL BOOM

Lift on circulation control （CC） circular cylinder is calculated via numerical simulations based on 2D real- izable k-e epsilon viscous model and compared with experimental data. The simulation result shows an acceptable agreement with tested data. With the proved grid and simulation method, series of simulations are conducted to study the effect of parameters on lift. Single slotted tail booms under different clown wash velocities are optimized with the principle of generating maximum total moment around the main rotor shaft with same total power con- sumption. The results show that larger jet flow velocity, or smaller blow angle, or larger diameter of the cross section can help generating larger lift while enhancing the attachment of both the jet flow and down wash flow. Multiple slotted tail boom is better because it increases lift with same total slot width, and can increase lift by in- creasing total slot width without causing separation, also it helps generating high steady lift at a big rank of slot at- tack angles. To mount a guide vane （GV） at the exit of the slot, or shape the upper slot wall like a smooth-GV, or design the slot with an edge fillet is not recommended because it reduces the velocity of both the jet flow and the upstream of the attached downwash flow. Compared with other shapes of the slots, arcs-profiled slot performs better because of larger jet flow velocity and smaller blow angle. In order to generate the largest moment with same total power consumed by the entire NOTARTM system, total width of the slots and slot attack angle should be optimized according to velocity of down wash flow.