大直径铝合金铆钉以铆代螺可行性试验研究

针对双层铝合金板铆接结构,通过电磁铆接工艺试验,分析Φ10mm-2A10铝合金铆钉镦头的微观组织,与钢质螺栓连接接头对比评价了铆接接头的力学性能。研究发现,随放电电压的增加,铆钉镦头直径逐渐增加、高度逐渐降低。铆钉镦头以绝热剪切为主要变形模式。铆接接头的最大剪切和拉脱载荷分别为23.3k N和35.0k N,均高于钢质螺栓连接接头,并且相对于螺接接头可减重15.8%。     

Eliminating negative VTEC in global ionosphere maps using inequality-constrained least squares

Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC.     

GNSS Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) using inter-satellite measurements

Integrity is the ability of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) to detect faults in measurements and provide timely warnings to users and operators when the navigation system cannot meet the defined performance standards, which is of great importance for safety of life critical applications. Compared with both Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and ground based GNSS Integrity Channel (GIC) methods which are widely adopted nowadays, the Satellite Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (SAIM) method can be used to monitor orbit/ephemeris and clock errors, and has advantages in monitoring orbit and clock quality and providing instantaneous responses when faults happen.     

SGCMG框架伺服系统动力学建模与低速控制

单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)框架伺服系统内部存在的各种干扰会严重影响陀螺的力矩输出精度。为了实现力矩输出的高精度控制,需要对框架伺服系统进行精确动力学建模与控制。通过对作用于航天器上SGCMG的详细动力学分析,建立了框架伺服系统动力学模型,其中考虑了动静不平衡干扰力矩以及摩擦力矩。基于正弦永磁同步电机,利用自抗扰理论设计了框架伺服系统内外环控制器。仿真结果表明,在忽略转子不平衡所引起的高频干扰力矩的前提下,此控制器能对内外环存在的所有建模及未建模干扰进行准确估计和补偿,保证了框架的高精度控制。通过仿真还得到了转子不平衡对框架控制精度的影响量级,将为进一步研究如何抑制不平衡振动提供参考依据。     

从美军"PTN"项目看前沿技术在飞行员训练体系中的应用前景

美国空军教育和训练司令部"PTN"项目即"未来飞行员训练计划"已经完成两期验证,项目重点集成了虚拟现实、增强现实、先进生理传感器、人工智能和大数据分析技术,研究了新技术对飞行员训练的适用性.项目取得了良好的效果,美军计划将该项目作为未来飞行员训练体系的重要组成部分.本文分析了"PTN"项目的 组织实施过程和实施效果,阐述了人工智能、虚拟现实、大数据等前沿技术在飞行员培训体系中的应用前景.     

2024铝合金浸镍层的制备及生长过程

利用磷酸的全面腐蚀特性和氯离子的活化作用,设计了磷酸-氯化镍浸镍反应体系,通过表面电位监测及微观形貌表征对不同磷酸浓度与反应温度下的浸镍过程进行分析。结果表明:磷酸浓度是影响浸镍层表面电位及微观形貌的关键因素,当磷酸浓度为25%,反应温度为30℃时,可制得化学性质稳定、包覆性良好且晶粒尺寸均匀的浸镍层。在此反应体系下,浸镍层在形核后通过球状方式叠层生长,在反应进行600 s后得到厚度约1 μm的浸镍层,其表面电位可达到-0.51 V左右。      

页轮干式磨削Ti6Al4V合金

进行了Ti6A14V合金锆刚玉页轮和碳化硅页轮的磨削性能试验研究,分析了磨削用量对磨削力、磨削温度和磨削表面完整性的影响。磨削力通过KISTLER9265B测力仪测定,磨削表面温度由NIUSB-621X信号采集系统测得,磨削表面形貌和金相组织由HiroxKH-7700型体视显微仪和Quanta200型扫描电镜（SEM）观察,表面粗糙度由Mahr Perthometer M1粗糙度仪测得,表层显微硬度通过HVS—1000硬度计测定。研究结果表明：页轮磨削钛合金工件表面没有发生烧伤现象,磨削热影响区厚度小于50μm,锆刚玉页轮比碳化硅页轮更适合干式磨削钛合金。     

超音尾喷流红外抑制方案的研究

超音速发动机尾喷流的红外抑制是超音速飞行器隐身性能的重要组成部分。本文提出两种超音速尾喷流的红外抑制方案二次旋流方案与组合波瓣方案 ,并对两种方案共 7组试验件在不同的结构和二次流速度情况下进行了大量重复试验。在旋流方案试验中 ,对二次流加旋诱发大尺度流向涡进行了系统的研究 ,得到旋流角度、二次流速度等对掺混效果的影响规律 ,试验结果表明 :对于本结构方案 ,当二次流速度为 49m/s,旋流角在 3 0°左右 ,掺混效果最好 ,且随二次流流速的增加而加强。在组合波瓣方案的试验中 ,对组合波瓣用于超音尾喷流红外抑制进行了研究 ,试验结果表明可对超音尾喷流的红外起到有效的抑制作用。     

飞行控制系统虚拟原型技术

 在综述虚拟原型技术的基础上,研究飞行控制系统虚拟原型机以及采用虚拟原型技术后飞控系统的设计方法。提出了飞控系统设计,特别是飞控计算机设计中,基于虚拟原型技术的 3个层次应用,分析了构筑虚拟原型机需要重点解决的一些问题。