基于感应传感的位置增量编码器设计

为解决传统编码器的易损坏、可靠性不高、更换价格昂贵的问题,提出采用非接触式、电感感应传感设计位置编码器的方案。用LDC1312数字电感传感器作为感应探头,检测涂有金属物的旋转圆盘,将其感应测量到的数据通过IIC接口送入MSP430F5529处理数据,实现对旋转圆盘位置的检测。该设计与机械编码器相比,具有寿命长、可靠性高,适用于在油渍、潮湿、灰尘等恶劣环境工作的优点。     

Design of Electrical/Mechanical Hybrid 4-Redundancy Brushless DC Torque Motor

This article presents a novel electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy brushless DC torque motor (BLDCM), which has found applications in direct drive actuators (DDA) of aerial vehicles. This motor is characteristic of electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy by securing two stators along with two rotors on the same shaft. Each stator contains two sets of windings embedded in separated slots. Furthermore, compared to the scheme of two electrical dual-redundancy BLDCMs linked by a mechanical transmission, the proposed motor has lower volume and lighter weight, eliminates the nonlinearity caused by the gap of the mechanical transmission, moderates the requirement for the torque balance between redundancies and reduces the cogging torque by shifting the magnets. Both magnetic circuit calculation and the finite element analysis (FEA) of the electromagnetic field are conducted to optimize the design process. A prototype motor has been produced and tested. The results indicate that its performances comply with the requirements presented by designers. Moreover, the position frequency response of the prototype in the DDA's unloaded situation has also demonstrated the fulfillment of desired dynamic characteristics.     

Identification of reduced-order model for an aeroelastic system from flutter test data

Recently, flutter active control using linear parameter varying (LPV) framework has attracted a lot of attention. LPV control synthesis usually generates controllers that are at least of the same order as the aeroelastic models. Therefore, the reduced-order model is required by syn-thesis for avoidance of large computation cost and high-order controller. This paper proposes a new procedure for generation of accurate reduced-order linear time-invariant (LTI) models by using sys-tem identification from flutter testing data. The proposed approach is in two steps. The well-known poly-reference least squares complex frequency (p-LSCF) algorithm is firstly employed for modal parameter identification from frequency response measurement. After parameter identification, the dominant physical modes are determined by clear stabilization diagrams and clustering tech-nique. In the second step, with prior knowledge of physical poles, the improved frequency-domain maximum likelihood (ML) estimator is presented for building accurate reduced-order model. Before ML estimation, an improved subspace identification considering the poles constraint is also proposed for initializing the iterative procedure. Finally, the performance of the proposed procedure is validated by real flight flutter test data.     

涂覆吸波材料圆柱的RCS预估方法

用缩比模型测量结果预估是研制阶段获得大尺寸目标雷达散射截面（RCS）的常用方法，但根据经典电磁相似理论，严格满足缩比条件的涂覆吸波材料缩比目标测量难以实现。针对涂覆吸波材料缩比目标的RCS预估问题，提出了采用多元对数线性回归模型的预估方法。设计了2组圆柱模型，在微波暗室中对缩比因子分别为1、2、4、8的2组模型进行了测试。在完成角度矫正等数据预处理基础上，将缩比模型RCS数据作为训练集代入模型当中求得参数，对原模型的RCS进行预估并与实际实测数据进行对比分析。结果表明:所提方法预估数据与实测数据曲线拟合度较好，相较于传统平方率模型，误差下降了3~5 dB，在回归模型中加入吸波材料因子后误差进一步下降了0.3~0.8 dB。      

Comprehensive outage compensation of real-time orbit and clock corrections with broadcast ephemeris for ambiguity-fixed precise point positioning

The main challenge in real-time precise point positioning (PPP) is that the data outages or large time lags in receiving precise orbit and clock corrections greatly degrade the continuity and real-time performance of PPP positioning. To solve this problem, instead of directly predicting orbit and clock corrections in previous researches, this paper presents an alternative approach of generating combined corrections including orbit error, satellite clock and receiver-related error with broadcast ephemeris. Using ambiguities and satellite fractional-cycle biases (FCBs) of previous epoch and the short-term predicted tropospheric delay through linear extrapolation model (LEM), combined corrections at current epoch are retrieved and weighted with multiple reference stations, and further broadcast to user for continuous enhanced positioning during outages of orbit and clock corrections. To validate the proposed method, two reference station network with different inter-station distance from National Geodetic Survey (NGS) network are used for experiments with six different time lags (i.e., 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 30 s, 45 s and 60 s), and one set of data collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is also used. The performance of LEM is investigated, and the troposphere prediction accuracy of low elevation (e.g., 10–20degrees) satellites has been improved by 44.1% to 79.0%. The average accuracy of combined corrections before and after LEM is used is improved by 12.5% to 77.3%. Without LEM, an accuracy of 2–3 cm can be maintained only in case of small time lags, while the accuracies with LEM are all better than 2 cm in case of different time lags. The performance of simulated kinematic PPP at user end is assessed in terms of positioning accuracy and epoch fix rate. In case of different time lags, after LEM is used, the average accuracy in horizontal direction is better than 3 cm, and the accuracy in up direction is better than 5 cm. At the same time, the epoch fix rate has also increased to varying degrees. The results of the UAV data show that in real kinematic environment, the proposed method can still maintain a positioning accuracy of several centimeters in case of 20 s time lag.     

基于ADRC迭代学习控制的四旋翼无人机姿态控制

针对农用无人机超低空表型遥感和喷药精准悬停易受地效扰动问题，提出了一种自适应ADRC姿态控制器。首先设计了基于ADRC的姿态控制器，结合四旋翼无人机平台在0.9~1.1、1.1~1.3、1.4~1.6、2.0~2.4、2.5~2.9、3.3~3.6 m/s侧向水平风、0.9~1.1 m/s （11°）、1.1~1.3 m/s （13°）、1.4~1.6 m/s （18°）、1.8~2.0 m/s （18°）、2.1~2.5 m/s （18°）前俯向风和侧俯向风下进行干扰的预测和控制量的补偿实验。实验结果显示使用ADRC姿态控制器后无人机抗风性能有较大提升。然而在存在初始误差时，ADRC固定带宽无法满足要求，进一步设计了自适应ADRC姿态控制器（ILC-ADRC）。通过迭代学习控制在线优化自抗扰控制器带宽，实现了不同增益观测器的自适应整定。实验结合四旋翼无人机平台分别进行了机头实际方向与期望方向偏离55°、90°、180°，水平风速1.1~1.3、1.4~1.6、2.0~2.4、2.5~2.9 m/s下使用ADRC和ILC-ADRC的对比。实验结果显示采用ILC-ADRC姿态控制器，在150次控制周期内，偏航角误差均在-15°~15°之间，满足四旋翼无人机偏航角控制精度要求，同时调节时间分别缩短了40%，16.67%，12.5%，53.33%，10.34%，13.95%，27.27%，58.66%，11.86%。     

考虑气穴影响的2D压力伺服阀稳定性

为研究双自由度（2D）压力伺服阀工作时的气穴现象对阀芯稳定性的影响，利用AMESim中的基本库和HCD库建立2D压力伺服阀各组件仿真模型。理论分析得出气穴现象会降低阀体中含气油液的有效体积弹性模量，得出考虑气穴影响的阀芯稳定性条件。仿真结果表明气穴现象会导致主阀芯到达稳定位置后出现振荡现象，影响主阀芯的穿越频率从21 Hz降低至6 Hz，限制主阀芯的频宽，适当增加主阀芯阻尼比能提高主阀芯工作稳定性。提出一种新型阻尼活塞结构，建立模型分析得出其能在不影响伺服阀频响、阀芯位移和抗污染能力情况下提高主阀芯阻尼比以提高阀芯工作稳定性，并且设计实验进行验证。实验结果表明，应用阻尼活塞将2D压力伺服阀压力输出波动从9%降低至2%，能够提高飞行器制动时刹车阀工作稳定性。     

非热压罐成型低孔隙率复合材料技术研究进展

介绍了非热压罐成型(OOA)低孔隙率复合材料技术的研究进展,详细阐述了OOA预浸料、OOA树脂再到OOA预浸料增强材料等对复合材料孔隙的影响,分析了OOA预浸料固化过程中影响孔隙的典型物理现象,以及各种制造工艺条件和参数等对孔隙率的影响,并提出了控制OOA复合材料孔隙率的方法和建议。     

SOI工艺抗辐照SRAM型FPGA设计与实现

为提升SRAM型FPGA电路块存储器和配置存储器抗单粒子翻转性能，本文提出一种脉冲屏蔽SRAM单元结构。该结构通过在标准的六管单元中加入延迟结构,增大单元对单粒子事件响应时间，实现对粒子入射产生的脉冲电流屏蔽作用。以64k SRAM作为验证电路进行单粒子翻转性能对比，电路的抗单粒子翻转阈值由采用标准六管单元的抗单粒子翻转阈值大于25 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 提升至大于45 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ，加固单元面积较标准六管单元增大约21.3%。30万门级抗辐照FPGA电路通过脉冲屏蔽单元结合抗辐照SOI工艺实现，其抗辐照指标分别为：抗单粒子翻转阈值大于37.3 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ，抗单粒子锁定阈值大于99.8 MeV·cm 2·mg -1 ，抗电离总剂量能力大于200 krad(Si)。     

An optimal beam alignment method for large-scale distributed space surveillance radar system

Large-scale distributed space surveillance radar is a very important ground-based equipment to maintain a complete catalogue for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space debris. However, due to the thousands of kilometers distance between each sites of the distributed radar system, how to optimally implement the Transmitting/Receiving (T/R) beams alignment in a great space using the narrow beam, which proposed a special and considerable technical challenge in the space surveillance area. According to the common coordinate transformation model and the radar beam space model, we presented a two dimensional projection algorithm for T/R beam using the direction angles, which could visually describe and assess the beam alignment performance. Subsequently, the optimal mathematical models for the orientation angle of the antenna array, the site location and the T/R beam coverage are constructed, and also the beam alignment parameters are precisely solved. At last, we conducted the optimal beam alignment experiments base on the site parameters of Air Force Space Surveillance System (AFSSS). The simulation results demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of our novel method, which can significantly stimulate the construction for the LEO space debris surveillance equipment.