Detection of small objects in clutter using a GA-RBF neural network

Detection of small objects in a radar or satellite image is an important problem with many applications. Due to a recent discovery that sea clutter, the electromagnetic wave backscatter from a sea surface, is chaotic rather than purely random, computational intelligence techniques such as neural networks have been applied to reconstruct the chaotic dynamic of sea clutter. The reconstructed sea clutter dynamical system which usually takes the form of a nonlinear predictor does not only provide a model of the sea scattering phenomenon, but it can also be used to detect the existence of small targets such as fishing boats and small fragments of icebergs by observing abrupt changes in the prediction error. We applied a genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain an optimal reconstruction of sea clutter dynamic based on a radial basis function (RBF) neural network. This GA-RBF uses a hybrid approach that employes a GA to search for the optimum values of the following RBF parameters: centers, variance, and number of hidden nodes, and uses the least square method to determine the weights. It is shown here that if the functional form of an unknown nonlinear dynamical system can be represented exactly using an RBF net (i.e., no approximation error), this GA-RBF approach can reconstruct the exact dynamic from its time series measurements. In addition to the improved accuracy in modeling sea clutter dynamic, the GA-RBF is also shown to enhance the detectability of small objects embedded in the sea. Using real-life radar data that are collected in the east coast of Canada by two different radar systems: a ground-based radar and a satellite equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR), we show that the GA-RBF network is a reliable detector for small surface targets in various sea conditions and is practical for real-life search and rescue, navigation, and surveillance applications     

变速恒频电源系统的数字仿真研究

建立了脉宽调制型交直交变速恒频电源系统的数学模型，研制了仿真软件，并给出了仿真实例。研究表明，本文的方法和软件可以进行变速恒频电源系统部件级和系统级的仿真分析，为设计和分析该系统提供了有力的工具。文中的方法和软件也可以用于分析恒速恒频和高压直流电源系统，为开发一套完整的飞机电源系统仿真软件奠定了基础。     

点焊质量模糊控制系统研究

简要介绍了电阻点焊单片机微机模糊控制原理，确定了点焊模糊控制算法，分析了点焊模糊控制系统的硬件结构和软件设计。实验结果表明，该控制系统能够有效实现点焊质量的模糊控制，具有较强的自适应特性，可用于电阻焊智能制造。     

悬索桥颤振主动抑制研究

选用二次型性能指标，把悬索桥颤振主动抑制问题转化为线性二次型高斯问题，设计了颤振主动抑制的最优滤波器及最优控制律，其中，经ｏｇｅｒ有理近似拟合气动力自激项，对脉动风的描亭旭结为成型滤波器设计；稳定性判定归结为根轨迹图的判断；抖振响应计算归结为Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ方程求解，以某悬索桥为算例，计算结果表明：对该类桥梁进行颤振主动抑制，效果良好，最优控制设计所得结论对工程具有一定参考价值。     

非线性随机动态系统学习建模方法

在动态神经网络及扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的基础上，提出了对非线性随机动态系统进行学习建模的迭代算法，用这种方法对非线性随机系统建模，可以获得更准确伯系统模型，并可对非线性随机系统进行状态估计。最后给出相应算法及仿真结果。     

六端口微波测量技术

六端口技术是从70年代初发展起来的一项新的微波自动测量技术。经过十多年来各国科技工作者的研究、实践,无论在理论上,还是在系统构成、误差分析等方面均趋于成熟。该技术目前已广泛应用于微波计量、安全防护和工业在线检测诸部门。由六端口网络组成的自动网络分析仪,可望成为技术性能高的自动测试系统。本文分四个部分,系统地介绍了六端口技术的发展及其在微波测量中的应用;几种常用六端口结的组成及其设计准则;六端口自动网络分析仪的校准及其测量方法,以及如何评定六端口网络分析仪不确定度等问题,供从事微波计量测试及有关人员参考。     

声光相关技术在电子战中的应用

介绍了声光相关技术原理及其在现代战争,特别是在电子战及扩频通信等方面的应用,比较了体波及其表面波、声光及声电技术在应用中的不同特点,并具体探讨了声光相关器应用子通信信号的解调及同步中的可行性,分析表明,声光相关技术是很有发展前景的一项技术,将越来越多地应用于各个不同的领域。     

半浮区液桥自由面振荡特征

使用一套双路同步显微放大录像及图像处理系统,研究了夹角为90°的两个竖直剖面沿轴向不同高度液桥自由表面的位移振荡,得到轴向不同高度上的环向相位差,观测到在振荡周期内液桥表面轮廓线在不同时刻均不相交的特点。实验结果表明,液桥自由面振荡除具有径向扰动及轴向振荡变化外,还存在环向波动变化。根据实验结果,讨论了环向波动基本变化规律以及本实验在测量精度和测量误差方面存在的问题。     

Early analysis of precise orbit and clock offset determination for the satellites of the global BeiDou-3 system

Eight new-generation BeiDou satellites (BeiDou-3) have been launched into Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), allowing for global coverage since March 2018, and they are equipped with new hydrogen atomic clocks and updated rubidium clocks. Firstly, we analyzed the signals for the carrier-to-noise-density ratio (C/N0) and pseudorange multipath (MP) by using international GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Monitoring and Assessment System (iGMAS) station data, and found that B1C has a lower C/N0, and B2a has the same level of C/N0 as the B1I and B3I signals. For pseudorange multipath, compared with the BeiDou-2 satellites, the obvious systematic variation of MP scatters related to the elevation angle is greatly improved for the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e satellites signals. For the signals of the BeiDou-3 satellites, the order of the Root Mean Square (RMS) values of multipath and noise is B3I?<?B1I?<?B2a?<?B1C. Then, the comparison of the precise orbit determination and clock offset determination for the BeiDou-2, BeiDou-3, and BeiDou-3 experimental (BeiDou-3e) satellites was done by using 10 stations from iGMAS. The 3D precision of the 24?h orbit overlap is 24.55, 25.61, and 23.35?cm for the BeiDou-3, BeiDou-3e, and BeiDou-2 satellites, respectively. BeiDou-3 satellite has a comparable precision to that of the BeiDou-2 satellite. For the precision of clock offset estimation, the Standard Deviation (STD) of the BeiDou-3 MEO satellite is 0.350?ns, which is an improvement of 0.042?ns over that of the BeiDou-2 MEO satellite. The stabilities of the BeiDou-3 and BeiDou-3e onboard clocks are better than those of BeiDou-2 by factors of 2.84 and 1.61 at an averaging time of 1000 and 10,000?s, respectively.     

在实时嵌入式环境下利用电子盘实现大容量数据记录的软件设计研究

嵌入式环境和实时操作系统目前广泛应用于航空领域。本文在介绍嵌入式系统的基础上,重点对实时多任务环境下大容量数据记录的实现方式进行了研究和利用,最后展望了电子盘实时多任务系统中记录大容量数据的前景。