基于IVI驱动的真空热试验数据采集系统软件开发

目前国内大型空间环境模拟器配备了多种型号的数据采集系统,主要负责完成对多种数据信号的综合测试。文章以Keithley 3706数据采集系统为设计对象,在VB6.0的开发环境中设计了基于IVI驱动的数据采集软件,给出了IVI驱动的设计过程及软件代码。实践表明,IVI驱动的引入提高了数据采集系统的开发效率,降低了研制成本,实现了数据采集系统的硬件无关性。     

FPGA实现高速全并行DFT／IDFT处理器的设计

文章介绍了采用Xilinx公司的Virtex4系列FPGA设计高速接收机中的DFWIDFT处理器的实现方法及技巧。充分利用Virtex4芯片的硬件资源,减少复杂逻辑,采用流水方式对复数数据实现了数字下变频、加窗、DFT、滤波、IDFT等运算。整个设计采用流水与并行方式,尽量避免瓶颈的出现,提高系统时钟频率,达到高速处理,满足高速解调的要求。     

弹性整流罩分离的流固耦合仿真方法

发展了一种流固耦合的动力学数值仿真方法,用以模拟弹性结构在其运动诱导的非定常气动载荷作用下的动态响应.针对给定的运动规律,对不可压流场采用侵入式边界方法求解了非定常气动载荷,其中未计及弹性结构变形对流场的影响.对非定常气动载荷作用下的薄壁弹性结构进行了瞬态动力学数值模拟.以地面试验状态的整流罩分离为例,对刚性体及是否考虑表面气体压力作用的柔性体等情形下的整流罩的动力学行为进行了对比分析,验证了发展的流固耦合动力学仿真方法的可行性.     

节流阀阀芯型面优化设计

简要叙述了液氧／煤油火箭发动机节流阀阀芯型面优化设计的方法。原有节流阀的流阻特性不满足发动机使用要求,根据系统对节流阀的参数要求,采用分段插值拟合法对节流阀阀芯型面重新进行了优化设计,优化后的节流阀液流试验合格,并通过了发动机热试车考核,其性能完全满足系统要求。     

双干涉光纤陀螺光纤环温度致非互易性分析

双干涉光纤陀螺是一种新型光纤陀螺,可加倍Sagnac信号,具有轻小型、高信噪比的优点.为改善双干涉光纤陀螺光纤环的温度性能,针对其光路建立了光纤环温度致非互易误差模型,仿真分析了光纤环中90°熔点位置对温度致非互易误差的影响,提出了将90°熔点置于光纤环中点时陀螺的温度致非互易误差将显著减小,并进行了实验验证,实验结果与理论分析相符.结果表明将90°熔点置于光纤环中点可使双干涉光纤陀螺的温度致非互易误差降低为原来的1/400.      

一种方位时变GEO SAR成像处理新算法

针对地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)回波模型的距离空变和方位时变问题,提出一种基于改进距离-多普勒(RD)和方位向调频尺度变换(CS)的成像算法。首先引入四阶泰勒展开模型解决成像中存在的弯曲轨迹问题,然后对传统RD算法进行改进,补偿距离空变,最后对方位时变进行建模,通过方位向CS补偿方位时变,使GEO SAR能够进行更大场景的成像。结合天基雷达先进仿真系统(SBRAS)进行仿真,验证了该算法的有效性。     

金属增材制造技术

金属增材制造技术作为3D打印技术的一个重要分支,在20余年的发展中取得了显著的进展。文中简要回顾了金属增材制造技术的历史溯源,重点从制件组织结构、制件性能、制件微观缺陷、成形工艺等方面分析了针对钛合金、镍基高温合金等常用材料的增材制造技术研究新进展,探讨了增材制造技术发展所面临的技术问题以及需要重点考虑的发展方向。     

Optimal two-impulse rendezvous with terminal tangent burn considering the trajectory constraints

The two-impulse orbital rendezvous problem with a terminal tangent burn between coplanar elliptical orbits is studied by considering a lower bound on perigee radius and an upper bound on apogee radius for the transfer orbit. This problem requires that two spacecraft arrive at the rendezvous point with the same arrival flight-path angle after the same flight time. The admissible range of the final true anomaly that meets the perigee and apogee constraints is obtained in closed form. The revolution number of the transfer orbit is expressed as a function of the true anomaly and the revolution numbers of the initial and final orbits. All the feasible solutions are obtained with a bound on the revolution number of the final orbit. Then, the minimum-fuel one is determined by comparing their costs. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to obtain all the feasible solutions for given initial impulse points and the optimal solution with the initial coasting arc. Numerical results show that the minimum-fuel solution for the terminal tangent burn rendezvous is close to that for the cotangent rendezvous when the rendezvous time is long enough; however, the cotangent rendezvous may not exist when the rendezvous time is short.     

基于CCD和超声的物体位姿检测方法及精度分析

介绍了用单个CCD摄像机和超声传感器相结合检测物体位姿的方法.首先由CCD摄像机采集一幅图像,获取物体上目标点在图像坐标系中的理想坐标,并由此确定该点投影矢量(连接物体点和对应图像点的直线)的方向;然后控制机器人运动,使超声传感器的z轴与求得的投影矢量重合;最后用超声传感器测出投影矢量的长度,确定目标点在摄像机坐标系中的坐标.分析了影响检测精度的主要因素,具体研究了超声传感器的安装参数对检测精度的影响规律,进行了仿真分析.该方法可以有效地降低图像处理所带来的巨大数据量,避开双目视觉中的图像匹配问题,快捷、精确检测物体的位姿.     

Large-eddy simulation and linear acoustic modeling of entropy mode oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection

Lean-burn combustor is particularly susceptible to combustion instability and the unsteady heat release is usually considered as the excitation of the self-maintained thermo-acoustic oscillations. The transverse coolant injection is widely used to reduce the temperature of burnt gas, but on the other hand, it will introduce temperature fluctuation inside the combustor. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of the coolant injection on combustion instability, and evaluate its dynamic feature. In this paper, Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of the self-excited pressure oscillations in a model combustor with coolant injection is carried out. The analysis of transient flow characteristics and the identification of the pressure modes confirm that one of the low frequency pressure oscillations is related to entropy fluctuations, which is known as rumble combustion instability. The LES results show that transient coolant injection is another excitation of temperature fluctuation other than unsteady combustion. The amplitude of the entropy mode oscillation increases with increasing coolant air mass whereas the change of its frequency is insignificant. According to the major feature of entropy wave oscillation caused by coolant injection, a compact coolant injection model is proposed and applied in the One Dimensional (1D) Acoustic Network Method (ANM). Key correlations used in the model match well with LES data in low frequency range. This means that the coolant injection model is a complex one reflecting the interaction of the fluctuating coolant mass, pressure and temperature. Finally, the combustion instability frequencies and modes predicted by acoustic network method are also in good agreement with LES results.