树脂基复合材料面内剪切性能试验方法对比分析

面内剪切性能是复合材料结构设计的重要性能参数之一.目前常用的复合材料层压板面内剪切性能测试方法有±45°拉伸剪切试验和V型缺口剪切试验两类,相应的试验标准有GB/T 3355、ASTM D 3518、HB 7237和ASTMD5379,本文系统对比了上述标准在适用范围、试验原理、试样形式、加载速率、剪切强度定义等方面的...     

Development and calibration of heat transfer coefficient sensor for rotational state

A novel heat transfer coefficient sensor is introduced and the design, manufacture,and calibration are described.The intended application of this instrument was on a high rotational speed test disc. In the experiments,the heat transfer coefficient sensor was calibrated under static state and rotational state respectively. The calibration under the static state was accomplished in a pipe: the inside diameter (ID) was 0.048m and the total length was 4m, the distance between the sensor and the inlet of the pipe was 3.5m; the standard value was measured using a self-made calibrator. The calibration under the rotational state was accomplished using a rotating disc: the diameter and thickness of the stainless disc were 800mm and 25mm, respectively;the sensor was installed at the location of r =250mm; the rotating disc driven by a 30kW direct current motor can supply the maximum rotational speed of 3000r/min. The standard value under rotational state was provided by an approximate empirical formula. The results show that the designed sensor can measure heat transfer coefficient directly under rotational state and static state with good accuracy and stability; the correlation factor of K are constant under static state and rotational state.      

复合材料B基值计算方法及影响因素研究

概述了目前几种通用的复合材料B基值的计算方法,并对影响B基值精确度的因素进行了研究。重点讨论了分布函数、统计方法、样本大小、样本离散系数对计算复合材料B基值的影响。结果表明正态分布能够较好的拟合数据分布并能得到较高的B基值;M IL方法比FAA、小样本方法容易获得较为保守的B基值;当数据样本较小时,采用小样本方法可以获得较为稳定的B基值;当样本足够大时,可选用M IL或FAA方法计算B基值;在不忽略样本间实际存在的分散性前提下,应设法改善材料性能,降低样本数据的离散系数,才可提高B基值。     

北斗高动态双频相对定位技术

"北斗"卫星导航定位系统可以进行高精度单点定位和相对定位。本文针对该系统提出了一种相对定位选星策略,分析了几种双频组合方法及适用范围,给出了一种利用B1和B3频率进行双频载波相位差分的方法,并针对具体应用进行了仿真器环境试验验证,为"北斗"卫星导航定位系统建成后高精度相对定位应用提供参考。     

基于确定性和随机性原理的复合材料二维孔隙模型比较

在二维条件下,对比分析了经典的确定性模型和随机孔隙模型对含孔隙复合材料的物理模拟结果。确定性模型将含孔隙复合材料看做各向同性均匀介质,将孔隙假设为大小相同、离散均匀分布的规则形状;随机孔隙模型依据随机介质理论,采取统计学原理和方法,将孔隙看做是小尺度上的随机扰动,叠加于由基体构成的大尺度背景介质平均特性之上,可以利用空间平稳随机过程加以描述。研究发现,利用随机孔隙模型不但能够得到与真实孔隙几何相似性良好的孔隙形貌,而且基于此模型的超声衰减系数理论预测结果和实验测试结果之间的符合程度大大优于传统的确定性模型。     

平纹编织C/SiC复合材料在室温和高温环境下的拉伸行为

通过单向拉伸试验,对比研究平纹编织C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在室温和高温(1300℃,包括惰性气氛和湿氧气氛)环境下的宏观力学特性,并采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对试件断口进行显微观察,分析其损伤模式和破坏机理。结果表明:C/SiC复合材料的室温和高温拉伸行为通常表现为非线性特征,在低应力时就开始出现损伤;纤维与基体之间界面滑行阻力的降低使C/SiC复合材料在高温惰性气氛环境下的拉伸强度和破坏应变均比室温下的高;碳纤维的氧化严重影响材料的承载能力导致高温湿氧环境下的拉伸强度和破坏应变均比室温下的低;C/SiC复合材料室温和高温下的拉伸均呈现韧性断裂,断口较为相似,只是纤维拔出长度和断口的平齐程度有所不同,其中高温惰性气氛环境下纤维拔出最长,高温湿氧环境下试件断口有明显的被氧化痕迹;0°纤维束表面基体开裂、明显的层间分层以及0°纤维和纤维束的拔出和断裂同时携带90°纤维束拔出是C/SiC复合材料在室温和高温下的拉伸破坏机理。     

客舱地板斜撑杆对民机典型机身段耐撞性能的影响

针对一类具有客舱地板下部斜撑杆的民机典型机身段,研究了斜撑杆对机身段耐撞性能的影响。建立了客舱地板及其下部结构的有限元模型,客舱地板以上的框段结构、乘员质量和座椅被简化为刚性质量块。分析了斜撑杆为开孔/不开孔开剖面结构、斜撑杆剖面尺寸变化以及无斜撑杆和刚性斜撑杆情况下,机身段在坠撞速度为7m/s时的冲击特性。对比分析了各种情况下座椅位置处的加速度-时间历程曲线、机身段的破坏模式和能量吸收情况。结果表明存在合适刚度的斜撑杆,使该类型机身结构具有良好的耐撞毁性能,而增加或减少斜撑杆刚度均有可能产生多次高过载。     

Effects of temperature distribution and level on heat transfer on a rotating free disk

In gas turbine engines, with the existence of the intense forced convection and significant buoyancy effects, temperature distribution and level on turbine or compressor disks affect the heat transfer characteristics strongly. In this paper, numerical simulations were performed to analyze these influences for a free disk, with the laminar and turbulent flow respectively. The influences of temperature distribution on the heat transfer were observed by using incompressible cooling air, and temperature profiles of nth order monomial and polynomial were assumed on the disk. The analysis revealed that the heat transfer for two flow states on the free disk is determined by the exponent n of the monomial profile when specifying the rotating Reynolds number; for an arbitrary polynomial profile, the local Nusselt number can be deduced from results of monomial profiles. To study the effects of temperature level on heat transfer singly, monomial profiles were used and the local Nusselt number of compressible and incompressible cooling air were compared.And both for two flow states, the following conclusions could be drawn: the relative difference of local Nusselt number is mainly controlled by nondimensional local temperature difference, and almost independent of the monomial's coefficient C, exponent n and the rotating Reynolds number. Subsequently, a correction method for heat transfer of the free disk is presented and verified computationally, with which the local Nusselt number, obtained with a uniform and low temperature profile, can be revised by arbitrary distribution and high temperature magnitude.      

普通单模光纤波片及偏振控制器的研究

本文介绍了基于普通单模光纤弯曲双折射效应而构成的光纤波片装置原理及设计方法。通过实验研究得到了对氦氖激光(波长0.6328μm)光纤半波片及1/4波片的最佳结构参数。这种光纤波片制作简单,尺寸小,是干涉型光纤传感器中进行偏振态控制以实现全光纤系统的重要元件。     

扩压器进气道内流及激波／边界层干扰的数值研究

应用隐式矢通量分理解差分格式结合改进的Ｂａｌｄｗｉｎ－Ｌｏｍａｘ湍流模型直接求解时间平均Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程组，对扩压器跨声流动进行了数值计算，准确地捕获了激波，预测了由于强激波作用引起的湍流边界层分离现象，与实验数据比较，结果令人满意。数值实验表明：该方法具有精度高、稳定性好、计算量少、收敛快等优点，计算结果可用于高速飞行器气动特性的研究 。