无缓凝剂磷酸镁修补砂浆的力学性能实验研究

磷酸镁水泥(Magnesium phosphate cement,MPC)是一种快速修补型胶凝材料,具备快硬、早强、高强、粘结力强、耐久性好等优点。首先运用正交试验方法,通过控制胶砂比、氧化镁与磷酸二氢盐的物质的量比(M/P)和水胶比,确定了基准MPC修补砂浆的最优配合比。然后研究了粉煤灰和磨细矿渣对MPC修补砂浆抗压强度和抗折强度的影响,分析了其强度特征。结果表明,MPC修补砂浆的最佳M/P比为6∶1,胶砂比1∶1。掺加粉煤灰的MPC修补砂浆具有较高的强度尤其是抗折强度,适宜作为道路与机场道面的快速修补材料。掺加磨细矿渣的MPC修补砂浆,其力学性能不如掺加粉煤灰的MPC修补砂浆。此外,MPC修补砂浆的抗折强度和抗压强度之间具有密切的线性相关关系,且与养护龄期、原材料来源与烧结温度、是否掺加缓凝剂和矿物掺合料、M/P比和水胶比等因素无关。     

旋转弹气动力建模与飞行轨迹仿真

运用一种自回归滑动平均(ARMA)的时域气动力建模方法,以计算流体力学与刚体动力学(CFD/RBD)耦合仿真的输出结果为样本,对旋转弹的非定常气动力进行建模。利用建立的气动力模型与刚体动力学方程求解模块耦合,实现了旋转弹轨迹的快速仿真,并讨论了不同的建模方式对仿真精度的影响。算例结果表明:采用气动力模型与刚体动力学方程耦合仿真技术可以在不同初始发射条件下进行旋转弹飞行姿态与运动轨迹预测,且与CFD/RBD仿真结果吻合较好,证明ARMA气动力建模方法可以在保证旋转弹轨迹预测精度的同时大幅缩短仿真时间,节省计算资源。     

A fast and automatic full-potential finite volume solver on Cartesian grids for unconventional configurations

To meet the requirements of fast and automatic computation of subsonic and transonic aerodynamics in aircraft conceptual design,a novel finite volume solver for full potential flows on adaptive Cartesian grids is developed in this paper.Cartesian grids with geometric adaptation are firstly generated automatically with boundary cells processed by cell-cutting and cell-merging algo rithms.The nonlinear full potential equation is discretized by a finite volume scheme on these Cartesian grids and iteratively solved in an implicit fashion with a generalized minimum residual (GMRES) algorithm.During computation,solution-based mesh adaptation is also applied so as to capture flow features more accurately.An improved ghost-cell method is proposed to implement the non-penetration wall boundary condition where the velocity-potential of a ghost cell is modified by an analytic method instead.According to the characteristics of the Cartesian grids,the Kutta condition is applied by specially computing the gradients on Kutta-faces without directly assigning the potential jump to cells adjacent wake faces,which can significantly improve the solution con verging speed.The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are validated by several typical cases of sub/transonic flows around an ONERA M6 wing,a DLR-F4 wing-body,and an unconventional figuration of a blended wing body (BWB).The validation cases demonstrate a fast convergence with fully automatic grid treatment and computation,and the results suggest its capacity in application for aircraft conceptual design.     

基于大数据的民用飞机未来运营模式探索

大数据作为一种新兴的IT实现方式,在深刻影响IT业变革的同时,也为航空业带来了新的发展机遇。飞机运行过程中产生的海量运营数据最能体现民机的大数据基因,基于大数据的飞机运营支援将会是其在航空产业施展拳脚的主要战场之一。首先通过对航空大数据的梳理与分析,获得运营数据的种类、结构、数据流程以及相关特点。然后结合航空公司的具体业务需求,针对飞机典型复杂系统,分别以健康监控中的故障诊断、性能退化预测以及维修辅助决策几大关键技术作为大数据应用的切入点介绍技术研究路线,利用数据挖掘、机器学习等方法识别运营数据在系统不同健康状态下的特征表达,准确预测系统退化趋势,设置风险预警模型以提前预知潜在故障,最后从工程应用角度探讨这些关键技术的大数据实现平台以及基于大数据的运营业务流程。     

基于改进Johnson-Cook模型的5083P-0铝合金动态本构关系研究

为研究5083P-0铝合金在高应变率下的力学行为及本构模型,通过RPL100材料试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB),对5083P-0铝合金进行了准静态及应变率范围950～3000 s-1的冲击动态压缩实验.结果 显示随着应变率的增加,5083P-0铝合金的屈服强度、流动应力增加,应变硬化率减小,具有应变硬化效应,正...     

日照边缘区域电离层对耀斑的响应特点研究

利用MSIS模型和背景太阳辐射谱模型,在一定大耀斑辐射谱假设的前提下,计算了耀斑期间日照边缘区域的电子产生率,分析了这一区域电离层电子密度的变化特点.结果表明,大耀斑期间在日照边缘区域,甚至大于太阳天顶角90°的区域都有明显的电子产生率的增加.从不同太阳天顶角处的电子产生率剖面的形态来看,随着天顶角的增加最大电离率减少,但高度增加.计算还显示了在太阳天顶角小于90°的区域内电子产生率的垂直分布有明显的双峰结构,这种结构对应着电离层的E区和F区,但在天顶角大于90°区域,F区的电子产生率要大得多.考虑到离子和电子的复合过程,这一区域的总电子含量的增加主要产生在高F区.      

一种基于多霍尔的磁悬浮反作用飞轮速率模式控制方法

针对磁悬浮反作用飞轮速率模式高精度驱动控制问题,采用27个开关式Hall位置传感器,提出基于常增益卡尔曼滤波转速估计算法的转速测量方法,有效提高了飞轮转速控制精度。实验结果表明,低转速时,与12个Hall位置传感器测速方法相比较,力矩输出精度提高了一个量级,达到3×10-4N.m。     

高精度、超低频标准振动台

振动测量应用愈来愈多,做为振动测量标准的的标准振动台的幅度和频率的精度显得尤为重要,而现有标准振动台的精度难以突破1%。本文提供一种新型高精度、超低频标准振动台,其精度可高达0.005%,还可实现频率低达0.002778Hz的超低频标准振动台。     

Sliding mode control of reaction flywheel-based brushless DC motor with buck converter

Reaction flywheel is a significant actuator for satellites’ attitude control. To improve output torque and rotational speed accuracy for reaction flywheel, this paper reviews the modeling and control approaches of DC-DC converters and presents an application of the variable structure system theory with associated sliding regimes. Firstly, the topology of reaction flywheel is constructed. The small signal linearization process for a buck converter is illustrated. Then, based on the state averaging models and reaching qualification expressed by the Lee derivative, the general results of the sliding mode control (SMC) are analyzed. The analytical equivalent control laws for reaction flywheel are deduced detailedly by selecting various sliding surfaces at electromotion, energy consumption braking, reverse connection braking stages. Finally, numerical and experimental examples are presented for illustrative purposes. The results demonstrate that favorable agreement is established between the simulations and experiments. The proposed control strategy achieves preferable rotational speed regulation, strong rejection of modest disturbances, and high-precision output torque and rotational speed tracking abilities.     

RELATIONSHIPS FOR MOTION DESCRIBED IN ANY TWO ROTATIONAL REFERENCE FRAMES

In this paper the definitions of the relative derivatives of a vector with respect to time in any reference frame by using the notation of vectrix are proposed. It is further shown that with the help of vectrix one can treat the relative derivatives more clearly and more rigorously when multiple reference frames are concerned. Very useful relationships between the first order relative derivatives described in any two reference frames are derived. Relationships for the second order relative derivatives are also presented in detail. A new concept called "rotation induced acceleration" which is caused by the rotation of two reference frames when motion is necessarily described in them is presented. The result obtained in this paper is the generalization of the acceleration theorem given in conventional theoretical mechanics.